Hydroxypropyl methylcellulosewaa nooc ka mid ah ether isku dhafan oo aan ionic ahayn. Si ka duwan ether isku dhafan oo ah ionic methyl carboxymethyl cellulose, ma falgasho biraha culus. Sababtoo ah saamiga kala duwan ee methoxyl iyo hydroxypropyl ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose iyo viscosities kala duwan, waxaa jira noocyo badan oo leh sifooyin kala duwan, tusaale ahaan, methoxyl sare iyo hydroxypropyl hooseeya Waxqabadkeedu wuxuu u dhow yahay kan methyl cellulose, halka waxqabadka methoxyl hooseeya iyo hydroxypropyl sare uu u dhow yahay kan hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nooc kasta, inkastoo qadar yar oo kooxda hydroxypropyl ah ama qadar yar oo kooxda methoxyl ah ay ku jirto, waxaa jira farqi weyn oo ku saabsan milmida dareerayaasha dabiiciga ah ama heerkulka flocculation ee xalalka biyaha.
(1) Sifooyinka milmida ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
① Milmida hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ee biyahaHydroxypropyl methylcellulosedhab ahaantii waa nooc ka mid ah methylcellulose oo lagu beddelay propylene oxide (methoxy-propylene), sidaa darteed wali waxay leedahay sifooyin la mid ah methyl cellulose waxay leedahay astaamo la mid ah milmida biyaha qabow iyo milmida biyaha kulul. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababtoo ah kooxda hydroxypropyl ee wax laga beddelay, heerkulkeeda jelitaanka ee biyaha kulul aad ayuu uga sarreeyaa kan methyl cellulose. Tusaale ahaan, dheellitirka xalka biyaha ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose oo leh 2% heerka methoxy ee DS=0.73 iyo hydroxypropyl ee MS=0.46 waa 500 mpa·s 20°C, heerkulkiisa jel-kana wuxuu gaari karaa ku dhawaad 100°C, halka methyl cellulose heerkulka isku midka ah uu yahay qiyaastii 55°C oo keliya. Marka laga hadlayo milmida biyaha, sidoo kale si weyn ayaa loo hagaajiyay. Tusaale ahaan, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose oo la shiiday (qaabka granular 0.2 ~ 0.5mm heerkulkiisu yahay 20°C oo leh 4% dareere biyood ah oo 2pa•s ah ayaa laga iibsan karaa heerkulka qolka, si fudud ayaa loogu milmi karaa biyaha iyada oo aan la qaboojin.
② Milmida hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ee dareeraha dabiiciga ah milmida hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ee dareeraha dabiiciga ah ayaa sidoo kale ka wanaagsan tan methylcellulose. Methylcellulose waxay u baahan tahay inay yeelato heer beddel methoxyl ah oo ah 2.1 Badeecooyinka kor ku xusan, laakiin ka kooban hydroxypropyl MS=1.5~1.8 iyo methoxy DS=0.2~1.0, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose oo leh heer beddel guud oo ka sarreeya 1.8 ayaa lagu milmaa xalalka methanol iyo ethanol ee aan biyaha lahayn, waxayna leedahay heerkul-balaastig iyo milmida biyaha. Waxa kale oo lagu milmaa hydrocarbons-ka koloriinaysan sida methylene chloride iyo chloroform, iyo dareerayaasha dabiiciga ah sida acetone, isopropanol iyo alkohol diacetone. Milmida dareeraha dabiiciga ah ayaa ka fiican milmida biyaha.
(2) Arrimaha Saameynaya Viscosity-ga Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Go'aaminta viscosity-ga caadiga ah ee hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose waa la mid ah kan ethers-ka kale ee cellulose. Waxaa lagu cabbiraa 20°C iyadoo la adeegsanayo 2% xal biyood ah sida heerka. Viscosity-ga isla badeecada ayaa kordha marka la kordhiyo fiirsashada. Badeecadaha leh miisaanno molecular oo kala duwan oo isku fiirsasho ah, badeecada leh miisaanno molecular oo weyn waxay leedahay viscosity sare. Xiriirka ay la leedahay heerkulka wuxuu la mid yahay kan methyl cellulose. Marka heerkulku kor u kaco, viscosity-gu wuxuu bilaabaa inuu hoos u dhaco, laakiin marka uu gaaro heerkul gaar ah, viscosity-gu si lama filaan ah ayuu u kacaa oo jelitaanka ayaa dhaca. Heerkulka jelka ee alaabada viscosity-ga hooseeya ayaa sarreeya. Barta jel-keedu ma aha oo kaliya inay la xiriirto viscosity-ga ether, laakiin sidoo kale waxay la xiriirtaa saamiga halabuurka ee kooxda methoxyl iyo kooxda hydroxypropyl ee ether iyo cabbirka wadarta guud ee heerka beddelka. Waa in la ogaadaa in hydroxypropyl methylcellulose sidoo kale uu yahay pseudoplastic, xalkeeduna waa mid deggan heerkulka qolka iyada oo aan wax burburin viscosity ah marka laga reebo suurtagalnimada slab enzymatic.
(3) Dulqaadka milixda ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Maadaama hydroxypropyl methylcellulose uu yahay ether aan ionic ahayn, laguma daadiyo biyaha, si ka duwan ethers-ka kale ee ionic cellulose, sida carboxymethyl Base cellulose, xalka si uu ula falgalo ionada birta culus iyo soo-baxa. Cusbooyinka guud sida chloride, bromide, phosphate, nitrate, iwm. ma soo bixi doonaan marka lagu daro xalkeeda biyaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ku darista milixda waxay saameyn ku leedahay heerkulka soo-baxa ee xalkeeda biyaha. Marka fiirsashada milixda ay korodho, heerkulka jelku wuu yaraadaa. Marka fiirsashada milixda ay ka hooseyso barta soo-baxa, dheellitirka milixda ayaa u janjeera inuu kordho. Sidaa darteed, xaddi gaar ah oo milix ah ayaa lagu daraa, marka la isticmaalayo, waxay gaari kartaa saameyn dhumuc leh oo dhaqaale ahaan ka wanaagsan. Sidaa darteed, codsiyada qaarkood, waxaa ka wanaagsan in la isticmaalo isku darka cellulose ether iyo milix marka loo eego fiirsashada sare ee xalka ether si loo gaaro saameynta soo-baxa.
(4) Aashitada Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose iyo iska caabbinta alkali Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose guud ahaan waa mid u adkeysan karta aashitada iyo alkali, mana saameynayso heerka pH 2~12. Waxay u adkeysan kartaa xaddi gaar ah oo aashitada fudud ah, Sida aashitada formic, aashitada acetic, citric acid, succinic acid, fosforic acid, boric acid, iwm. Laakiin aashitada xooggan waxay leedahay saameynta yareynta viscosity. Alkalis sida soodhaha caustic, potash caustic iyo biyaha lime ma laha saameyn, laakiin waxay si yar u kordhin karaan viscosity-ga xalka, ka dibna si tartiib tartiib ah ayay u yareyn karaan.
(5) Kala duwanaanshaha hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Xalka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose waxaa lagu qasi karaa isku-dhafka polymer-ka ee biyaha ku milma si uu u noqdo xal isku mid ah oo hufan oo leh dheellitirnaan sare. Isku-dhafkan polymer-ka waxaa ka mid ah polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl acetate, polysilicone, polymethylvinyl siloxane, hydroxyethyl cellulose, iyo methyl cellulose. Isku-dhafka molecular-ka ee dabiiciga ah sida gum arabic, lows bean gum, karaya gum, iwm. ayaa sidoo kale leh iswaafajin wanaagsan oo xalkeeda ah. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose waxaa sidoo kale lagu qasi karaa mannitol ester ama sorbitol ester oo ka samaysan stearic acid ama palmitic acid, waxaana sidoo kale lagu qasi karaa glycerin, sorbitol iyo mannitol, isku-dhafkan waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sidii hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plasticizer ee cellulose.
(6) Biyaha aan milmi karin ee milmi karaether-yada celluloseee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose waxay qaadi kartaa isku xidhka dusha sare ee aldehydes, si ether-yadan biyaha ku milma ay ugu soo baxaan xalka oo ay u noqdaan kuwo aan ku milmin biyaha. Aldehydes-ka sameeya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose aan milmin waxaa ka mid ah formaldehyde, glyoxal, succinic aldehyde, adipaldehyde, iwm. Marka la isticmaalayo formaldehyde, fiiro gaar ah waa in la siiyaa qiimaha pH ee xalka, kaas oo glyoxal si dhakhso leh uga falceliyo, sidaa darteed glyoxal waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa sidii wakiil isku xidha wax soo saarka warshadaha. Qiyaasta noocan ah ee wakiilka isku xidha xalka waa 0.2% ~ 10% cufka ether, gaar ahaan 7% ~ 10%, tusaale ahaan, 3.3% ~ 6% glyoxal ayaa ah kan ugu habboon. Guud ahaan, heerkulka daaweyntu waa 0 ~ 30℃, waqtiguna waa 1 ~ 120 daqiiqo. Falcelinta isku xidhka ayaa loo baahan yahay in lagu sameeyo xaalado aashito ah. Guud ahaan, pH-ga xalka waxaa loo hagaajiyaa qiyaastii 2~6 iyadoo lagu darayo aashitada xooggan ee aan organic ahayn ama aashitada carboxylic organic xalka, gaar ahaan inta u dhaxaysa 4~6, ka dibna aldehydes ayaa lagu daraa si loo fuliyo falcelinta isku xidhka. Aashitada la isticmaalay waxay leedahay aashitada hydrochloric, aashitada sulfuric, aashitada fosfoorik, aashitada formic, aashitada aashitada hydroxy-acetic, aashitada succinic ama citric acid iwm., halkaas oo lagu talinayo aashitada formic ama aashitada ...
Biyo 20 ~ 25℃ ah oo loogu talagalay dhaqidda iyo nadiifinta. Marka badeecaddu socoto, walxaha alkaline-ka ah ayaa lagu dari karaa xalka badeecada si loo hagaajiyo pH-ga xalka si uu u noqdo alkaline, badeecaduna si dhakhso ah ayay ugu milmi doontaa xalka. Habkani wuxuu sidoo kale khuseeyaa daaweynta filimka ka dib marka xalka cellulose ether laga dhigo filim si looga dhigo filim aan milmi karin.
(7) Iska caabbinta ensaymka ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose waa aragti ahaan wax ka soo baxa cellulose, sida koox kasta oo anhydroglucose ah, haddii ay jirto koox beddel ah oo si adag isugu xiran, ma fududa in lagu qaadsiiyo jeermisyada yaryar, laakiin dhab ahaantii badeecada la dhammeeyay Marka qiimaha beddelka uu ka bato 1, waxaa sidoo kale burburin doona ensaymyada, taasoo la macno ah in heerka beddelka koox kasta oo ku jirta silsiladda cellulose uusan ahayn mid isku mid ah, jeermisyada yaryarna waxay ku milmi karaan kooxda anhydroglucose ee aan la beddelin si ay u sameeyaan sonkor, maadaama nafaqooyinka loogu talagalay microorganisms-ku ay nuugaan. Sidaa darteed, haddii heerka beddelka etherification ee cellulose uu kordho, iska caabbinta nabaad-guurka ensaymyada ee cellulose ether sidoo kale way kordhi doontaa. Sida laga soo xigtay warbixinnada, xaaladaha la xakameeyey, natiijooyinka hydrolysis-ka ee ensaymyada la sameeyay, dheellitirka haraaga ah ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (DS=1.9) waa 13.2%, methylcellulose (DS=1.83) waa 7.3%, methylcellulose (DS=1.66) waa 3.8%, iyo hydroxyethyl cellulose waa 1.7%. Waxaa la arki karaa in hydroxypropyl methylcellulose uu leeyahay awood xooggan oo ka hortagga ensaym-ka. Sidaa darteed, iska caabbinta ensaym-ka ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, oo ay weheliso sifooyinkeeda firfircoon ee kala firdhisan, dhumucda iyo sameynta filimada, ayaa loo isticmaalaa dahaarka emulsion-ka biyaha, iwm., guud ahaanna uma baahna in lagu daro ilaaliyayaal. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kaydinta muddada dheer ee xalka ama wasakhda suurtagalka ah ee ka timaadda dibadda, ilaaliyayaasha waxaa lagu dari karaa taxaddar ahaan, doorashadana waxaa lagu go'aamin karaa iyadoo loo eegayo shuruudaha kama dambaysta ah ee xalka. Phenylmercuric acetate iyo manganese fluorosilicate waa ilaaliyayaal wax ku ool ah, laakiin dhammaantood waxay leeyihiin sun, waa in fiiro gaar ah loo yeesho qalliinka. Guud ahaan, 1 ~ 5mg oo phenylmercury acetate ah ayaa lagu dari karaa xalka halkii litir ee qiyaasta.
(8) Waxqabadkahydroxypropyl methylcelluloseFilim Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose wuxuu leeyahay sifooyin filim sameeye oo heer sare ah. Xalkiisa biyaha ama xalka dareeraha dabiiciga ah waxaa lagu dahaadhay saxan galaas ah, wuxuuna noqdaa mid aan midab lahayn oo hufan ka dib marka la qalajiyo. Iyo filim adag. Waxay leedahay iska caabin qoyaan oo wanaagsan waxayna sii ahaanaysaa mid adag heerkulka sare. Haddii lagu daro balaastikada hygroscopic, dheereynteeda iyo dabacsanaanteeda waa la kordhin karaa. Marka la eego hagaajinta dabacsanaanta, balaastikada sida glycerin iyo sorbitol ayaa ah kuwa ugu habboon. Guud ahaan, fiirsashada xalka waa 2% ~ 3%, xaddiga balaastikada waa 10% ~ 20% ee ether cellulose. Haddii maadada balaastikada uu aad u sarreeyo, yaraanta fuuqbaxa kolloidal waxay dhici doontaa marka qoyaan badan jiro. Xoogga jiidista filimka oo lagu daray balaastikada ayaa aad uga weyn kan aan lahayn balaastikada, waxayna kordhisaa marka la kordhiyo qaddarka lagu daray. Marka laga hadlayo hygroscopicity-ga filimka, waxay sidoo kale kordhisaa marka la kordhiyo xaddiga balaastikada.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-25-2024