Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ipolymer isinganyungudike mumvura inobva mu cellulose, polymer yechisikigo inowanikwa mumadziro emasero emiti. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira mishonga, zvizoro, pendi, uye zvinonamatira, nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakanaka hwekukora, kugadzira mafirimu, uye rheological. Kugadzirwa kwehydroxyethyl cellulose kunosanganisira etherification ye cellulose ne ethylene oxide mumamiriro e alkaline. Maitiro aya anogona kupatsanurwa kuita matanho akakosha: kuchenesa cellulose, alkaliization, etherification, neutralization, kusuka, uye kuomesa.
1. Kucheneswa kweCellulose
Danho rekutanga pakugadzira hydroxyethyl cellulose kucheneswa kwecellulose, inowanzo wanikwa kubva muhuni kana donje. Cellulose isina kuchena ine tsvina yakaita se lignin, hemicellulose, nezvimwe zvinobviswa zvinofanira kubviswa kuti cellulose ive yakachena kwazvo yakakodzera kugadziriswa kwemakemikari.
Matanho anobatanidzwa:
Kugadziriswa Kwemuchina: Cellulose isina kugadzirwa inogadziriswa nehunyanzvi hwemuchina kuderedza saizi yayo uye kuwedzera nzvimbo yayo yepamusoro, zvichiita kuti kurapwa kwemakemikari kuenderere mberi.
Kurapa Nemakemikari: Cellulose inorapwa nemakemikari akadai sesodium hydroxide (NaOH) uye sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) kuti iparadze lignin nehemicellulose, zvichiteverwa nekusukwa nekucheneswa kuti ibvise tsvina yasara uye kuwana cellulose chena, ine fibrous.
2. Alkalization yemvura muropa
Cellulose yakacheneswa inobva yaiswa alkali kuti ishande pakuita kuti etherification iite. Izvi zvinosanganisira kurapa cellulose ne sodium hydroxide ine mvura.
Mhinduro:
Cellulose+NaOH→Alkali cellulose
Maitiro:
Cellulose inoiswa mumvura, uye sodium hydroxide solution inowedzerwa. Kuwanda kweNaOH kunowanzova pakati pe10-30%, uye reaction inoitwa patembiricha iri pakati pe20-40°C.
Musanganiswa uyu unokurunganiswa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti alkali inonyungudika zvakaenzana, zvichiita kuti alkali cellulose iumbwe. Iyi nzira inoshanda zvakanyanya kune ethylene oxide, zvichiita kuti maitiro e etherification afambe zvakanaka.
3. Kugadziriswa kweEther
Danho guru pakugadzira hydroxyethyl cellulose ndeye etherification ye alkali cellulose ne ethylene oxide. Izvi zvinounza hydroxyethyl groups (-CH2CH2OH) mumusana we cellulose, zvichiita kuti inyungudike mumvura.
Mhinduro:
Alkali cellulose+Ethylene oxide→Hydroxyethyl cellulose+NaOH
Maitiro:
Ethylene oxide inowedzerwa mu alkali cellulose, kungave mu batch kana continuous process. Maitiro acho anowanzoitwa mu autoclave kana pressure reactor.
Mamiriro ezvinhu ekuita, kusanganisira tembiricha (50-100°C) uye kumanikidzwa (1-5 atm), zvinodzorwa nokungwarira kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti mapoka ehydroxyethyl anotsiviwa zvakanaka. Dhigirii rekutsiviwa (DS) uye molar substitution (MS) zvinhu zvakakosha zvinopesvedzera hunhu hwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira.
4. Kusapindirana kwemamiriro ezvinhu
Mushure mekuita kwe etherification, musanganiswa wacho une hydroxyethyl cellulose uye residual sodium hydroxide. Danho rinotevera ndeye neutralization, uko alkali yakawandisa inobviswa uchishandisa acid, inowanzova acetic acid (CH3COOH) kana hydrochloric acid (HCl).
Mhinduro:NaOH+HCl→NaCl+H2O
Maitiro:
Asidhi inowedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma mumusanganiswa we reaction pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akarongwa kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya uye kudzivirira kuora kwe hydroxyethyl cellulose.
Musanganiswa wacho wakanyatsogadziriswa unozogadziriswa pH kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti uri mukati mehuwandu hwaunoda, kazhinji uri pedyo ne pH isina kusimba (6-8).
5. Kugeza
Mushure mekubviswa kwemunyu, chigadzirwa chinofanira kugezwa kubvisa munyu nezvimwe zvinhu. Danho iri rakakosha pakuwana pure hydroxyethyl cellulose.
Maitiro:
Musanganiswa we reaction unosanganiswa nemvura, uye hydroxyethyl cellulose inoparadzaniswa nekusefa kana kutenderera.
Hyxyethyl cellulose yakaparadzaniswa inogezwa kakawanda nemvura yakabviswa maion kuti ibvise munyu wakasara uye tsvina. Kugezwa uku kunoenderera mberi kusvika mvura yekugeza yasvika padanho rakatarwa, zvichiratidza kubviswa kwetsvina inonyunguduka.
6. Kuomesa
Danho rekupedzisira pakugadzira hydroxyethyl cellulose nderekuomesa. Danho iri rinobvisa mvura yakawandisa, zvichiita kuti pave nemushonga wakaoma, weupfu wakakodzera kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana.
Maitiro:
Hyxyethyl cellulose yakagezwa inoparadzirwa pamatireyi ekuomesa kana kuendeswa kuburikidza nemugero wekuomesa. Tembiricha yekuomesa inodzorwa nokungwarira kudzivirira kupisa, kazhinji kubva pa50-80°C.
Neimwe nzira, kuomesa nepfapfaidzo kunogona kushandiswa pakuomesa nekukurumidza uye zvinobudirira. Mukuomesa nepfapfaidzo, mvura ine hydroxyethyl cellulose solution inogadzirwa kuita madonhwe matete uye inoomeswa mumhepo inopisa, zvichiita kuti pave nehupfu hwakatsetseka.
Chigadzirwa chakaomeswa chinozogayiwa kusvika pahukuru hwaunoda uye chorongedzwa kuti chichengetwe uye chigoverwe.
Kudzora Hunhu uye Mashandisirwo
Mukati megadziriro yese, matanho akasimba ekudzora mhando anoshandiswa kuona kuti hydroxyethyl cellulose inogara yakabatana uye ine mhando. Zvikamu zvakakosha zvakaita sekupenya, mwero wekutsiva, hunyoro, uye saizi yezvikamu zvinoongororwa nguva nenguva.
Mashandisirwo:
Mishonga: Inoshandiswa semushonga wekukora, wekubatanidza, uye wekusimbisa muviri mumhando dzakadai semapiritsi, ma suspension, uye mafuta ekuzora.
Zvizoro: Zvinopa kunaka uye magadzirirwo eganda kuzvigadzirwa zvakaita semakirimu, mafuta ekuzora, uye shampoos.
Pendi Nekuputira: Inoshanda semuchina wekuomesa uye kugadzirisa rheology, ichivandudza hunhu hwekushandisa uye kugadzikana kwependi.
Indasitiri Yezvekudya: Inoshanda sechinosimbisa, chinosimbisa, uye chinosanganisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudya.
Kugadzirwa kwehydroxyethyl cellulose kunosanganisira maitiro akasiyana-siyana emakemikari nemakemikari akagadzirirwa kugadzirisa cellulose kuti iunze mapoka ehydroxyethyl. Danho rega rega, kubva pakucheneswa kwecellulose kusvika pakuomeswa, rakakosha pakuona mhando uye mashandiro echigadzirwa chekupedzisira. Hunhu hweHydroxyethyl cellulose hunoita kuti ive chinhu chinokosha mumaindasitiri akawanda, zvichiratidza kukosha kwemaitiro chaiwo ekugadzira kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvemashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-28-2024