Selulosi ya karuboksimetili (CMC) iboneka nyuma yo gukurura selulosi. Umuti wayo w'amazi ufite inshingano zo gukurura, gukora filime, guhuza, kubika amazi, kurinda koloyide, emulsification no gusunika, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda za peteroli, ibiribwa, ubuvuzi, nibindi, inganda z'imyenda n'impapuro, ni imwe mu eteri za selulosi z'ingenzi. Selulosi karemano ni polysaccharide ikwirakwizwa cyane kandi iboneka cyane mu miterere yayo, kandi amasoko yayo akungahaye cyane. Ikoranabuhanga ryo guhindura selulosi ubu ryibanda cyane ku gukurura no gukurura. Carboksimetili ni ubwoko bw'ikoranabuhanga rya etherification.
imiterere ifatika
Selulosi ya sodium carboxymethyl (CMC) ni eteri ya selulosi ya anionic, ifite ifu y'umweru cyangwa umuhondo muto cyangwa ifu yera isa n'ifu y'umweru, nta mpumuro, nta buryohe, ntabwo ari uburozi; yoroshye gushonga mu mazi akonje cyangwa mu mazi ashyushye, bigatuma habaho umuti usobanutse neza. Umuti ni udafite aho ubogamiye cyangwa ufite alkaline nke, ntushonga muri ethanol, ether, isopropanol, acetone n'ibindi bintu bishongesha organic, ushonga muri ethanol cyangwa acetone irimo amazi 60%. Ni hygroscopic, ihamye ku mucyo n'ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe buragabanuka uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera, umuti uba uhamye kuri pH 2-10, pH iri munsi ya 2, hari imvura ikomeye, kandi ubushyuhe buragabanuka iyo pH iri hejuru ya 10. Ubushyuhe bwo guhindura ibara ni 227℃, ubushyuhe bwa karubone ni 252℃, kandi ubushyuhe bw'amazi ya 2% ni 71mn/n.
imiterere y'ibinyabutabire
Ikorwa mu bikomoka kuri selulosi bikomoka kuri carboxymethyl, igakoresha sodium hydroxide kugira ngo ikore alkali cellulose, hanyuma igakoresha aside monochloroacetic. Igice cya glucose kigize cellulose gifite amatsinda 3 ya hydroxyl ashobora gusimburwa, bityo ibicuruzwa bifite urwego rutandukanye rwo gusimbuza bishobora kuboneka. Ugereranyije, 1 mmol ya carboxymethyl yashyizwemo kuri garama 1 y'uburemere bwumye, idashonga mu mazi kandi ikanagabanya aside, ariko ishobora kubyimba no gukoreshwa muri chromatography yo guhinduranya iyoni. Carboxymethyl pKa iri hafi 4 mu mazi meza na hafi 3.5 muri 0.5mol/L NaCl. Ni umuhinduranya wa aside nkeya kandi ukoreshwa mu gutandukanya poroteyine zidafite aho zibogamiye n'izibanze kuri pH>4. Amatsinda arenga 40% ya hydroxyl asimburwa n'amatsinda ya carboxymethyl, ashobora gushonga mu mazi kugira ngo habeho umuti uhamye wa colloidal ufite viscosity high-viscosity.
Intego nyamukuru
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ni ifu y'umweru idahumanya kandi idahumura, ifite ubushobozi buhamye kandi ishobora gushonga mu mazi. Umuti wayo w'amazi ni amazi adafite aho ahuriye cyangwa afite alkaline, ashonga mu zindi kole na resins bishonga mu mazi, kandi ntashongesha mu bintu bishongesha mu bimera nka ethanol. CMC ishobora gukoreshwa nk'umuti ufata, utera imbaraga, uhagarika, ugabanya ubushyuhe, ugabanya ubushyuhe, n'ibindi.
Selulosi ya sodium carboxymethyl (CMC) ni yo ikoreshwa cyane, ikoreshwa cyane kandi yoroshye gukoreshwa mu bintu bya eteri za selulosi, bizwi cyane nka "monosodium glutamate y'inganda".
1. Ikoreshwa mu gucukura peteroli na gaze karemano, gucukura amariba n'indi mishinga
① Icyondo kirimo CMC gishobora gutuma urukuta rw'iriba rukora nk'akantu gato kandi gakomeye gafite ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura amazi make, ibyo bigatuma amazi ataboneka neza.
② Nyuma yo kongeramo CMC mu byondo, icyuma gicukura gishobora kubona imbaraga nke zo gukata, ku buryo ibyondo bishobora kurekura byoroshye gazi ipfunyitsemo, kandi icyarimwe, imyanda ijugunywa vuba mu cyobo cy'ibyondo.
③Gucukura ibyondo, kimwe n'ibindi bikoresho bigabanya ubushyuhe, bigira igihe runaka cyo kubaho, kandi kongeramo CMC bishobora gutuma bikomera kandi bikongera igihe cyo kubaho.
④ Icyondo kirimo CMC ntigikunze kwibasirwa n'ibihumyo, bityo si ngombwa kugumana pH iri hejuru no gukoresha imiti irinda ubushyuhe.
⑤ Irimo CMC nk'umuti wo gucukura amazi yo koza ibyondo, ishobora kurwanya umwanda w'imyunyu itandukanye ishobora gushonga.
⑥ Icyondo kirimo CMC gifite ubushobozi bwo kudahungabana kandi gishobora kugabanya igihombo cy'amazi nubwo ubushyuhe bwaba buri hejuru ya dogere 150.
CMC ifite ubukana bwinshi n'urwego rwo hejuru rwo gusimbuza ikwiriye ibyondo bifite ubukana buke, naho CMC ifite ubukana buke n'urwego rwo hejuru rwo gusimbuza ikwiriye ibyondo bifite ubukana bwinshi. Guhitamo CMC bigomba kugenwa hakurikijwe imiterere itandukanye nko ubwoko bw'ibyondo, akarere n'ubujyakuzimu bw'iriba.
2. Ikoreshwa mu nganda z'imyenda, icapiro n'irangi. Inganda z'imyenda zikoresha CMC nk'igikoresho cyo gupima ubunini bworoheje bw'ipamba, ubwoya bwa silk, fibre ya shimi, imvange n'ibindi bikoresho bikomeye;
3. Ikoreshwa mu nganda z'impapuro CMC ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ikintu cyoroshya ubuso bw'impapuro n'ikintu gipima ingano mu nganda z'impapuro. Kongera CMC 0.1% kuri 0.3% ku gipfunyika bishobora kongera imbaraga zo gukurura impapuro ku kigero cya 40% kugeza kuri 50%, kongera gucika kw'impapuro ku kigero cya 50%, no kongera ubushobozi bwo gukaranga ku kigero cya 4 kugeza kuri 5.
4. CMC ishobora gukoreshwa nk'umukungugu w'umwanda iyo yongewe mu isabune y'ubukorano; imiti ya buri munsi nk'inganda z'ubuvuzi bw'amenyo. Igisubizo cy'amazi cya CMC glycerin gikoreshwa nk'ishingiro ry'ishinya ry'ubuvuzi bw'amenyo; inganda zikora imiti zikoreshwa nk'umukungugu n'umusemburo w'ubuvuzi; Igisubizo cy'amazi cya CMC kirakomera kandi kigakoreshwa mu gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro areremba, n'ibindi.
5. Mu nganda za ceramic, ishobora gukoreshwa nk'umuti wo gufunga, pulasitiki, icyuma gihagarika irangi, igikoresho gishyiraho amabara, nibindi.
6. Ikoreshwa mu bwubatsi kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwo kubika amazi no kuyakomeza
7. Ikoreshwa mu nganda z'ibiribwa. Inganda z'ibiribwa zikoresha CMC ifite ubunini bwo gusimbuza nk'umuti wo gukurura ice cream, ibiryo byo mu macupa, noodles zitetse vuba, n'umuti utuma inzoga zikomera, n'ibindi. Ku bikoresho bigabanya ubushyuhe, ibifunga cyangwa ibikoresho bifasha mu kongera ubushyuhe.
8. Inganda zikora imiti zihitamo CMC ifite ubukana bukwiye nk'igikoresho cyo gufata ibinini, gukuraho, no guhagarika imiti mu gihe cyo guhagarika imiti.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-03-2022