Ka whiwhihia te Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) i muri i te carboxymethylation o te cellulose. Ko tana otinga wai he mahi whakamātotoru, he hanga kiriata, he hononga, he pupuri wai, he tiaki colloid, he emulsification me te whakatārewatanga, ā, he whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i te hinu, te kai, te rongoā, me ētahi atu, ngā ahumahi kakahu me te pepa, ko tētahi o ngā cellulose ethers tino nui. Ko te cellulose taiao te polysaccharide tino horapa me te tino nui i roto i te taiao, ā, he tino nui ōna puna. Ko te hangarau whakarerekētanga o nāianei o te cellulose e aro nui ana ki te etherification me te esterification. Ko te Carboxymethylation he momo hangarau etherification.
ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana
Ko te konutai carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) he etera cellulose anionic, he paura muka mā, he kowhai paku rānei te āhua, he kore kakara, he kore reka, kāore he paitini; he ngāwari ki te wairewa i roto i te wai matao, i te wai wera rānei, ka hanga he otinga mārama matotoru. He kūpapa, he paku kawakore rānei te otinga, kāore e wairewa i roto i te etanoru, te etera, te isopropanol, te acetone me ētahi atu whakarewa waro, ka wairewa i roto i te 60% wai etanoru, te acetone rānei. He waiora, he pumau ki te mārama me te wera, ka heke te matotoru me te pikinga o te pāmahana, he pumau te otinga i te pH 2-10, he iti iho i te 2 te pH, he totoka te ua, ā, ka heke te matotoru ina teitei ake te pH i te 10. Ko te pāmahana whakarerekētanga he 227℃, ko te pāmahana waro he 252℃, ā, ko te taumahatanga mata o te otinga wai 2% he 71mn/n.
ngā āhuatanga matū
He mea hanga mai i ngā hua cellulose o ngā whakakapinga carboxymethyl, ka rongoatia te cellulose ki te hauwaiwai konutai hei hanga cellulose alkali, kātahi ka tauhohe ki te waikawa monochloroacetic. Ko te waeine hukahuka e hanga ana i te cellulose he 3 ngā rōpū hydroxyl ka taea te whakakapi, nō reira ka taea te whiwhi hua me ngā nekehanga rerekē o te whakakapinga. I te toharite, 1 mmol o te carboxymethyl i whakaurua mō ia 1 karamu o te taumaha maroke, kāore e wairewa i roto i te wai me te waikawa waimeha, engari ka taea te pupuhi me te whakamahi mō te chromatography whakawhiti katote. Ko te Carboxymethyl pKa he tata ki te 4 i roto i te wai parakore, ā, he tata ki te 3.5 i roto i te 0.5mol/L NaCl. He kaitahuri kationi waikawa ngoikore, ā, e whakamahia ana mō te wehenga o ngā pūmua kūpapa me ngā pūmua taketake i te pH>4. Neke atu i te 40% o ngā rōpū hydroxyl ka whakakapia e ngā rōpū carboxymethyl, ka taea te wairewa i roto i te wai hei hanga i tētahi otinga colloidal matotoru-teitei pumau.
Ko te kaupapa matua
Ko te Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) he paura mā e kore e paitini, kāore he kakara, he pumau te mahi, ā, he ngāwari ki te wairewa i roto i te wai. Ko tōna otinga wai he wai matotoru mārama, he kawakore rānei, e wairewa ana i roto i ētahi atu kāpia me ngā kapia wairewa-wai, ā, kāore e wairewa i roto i ngā whakarewa waro pērā i te etanoru. Ka taea te whakamahi i te CMC hei piripiri, hei whakamātotoru, hei kaiwhakatārewa, hei whakapūmau, hei whakawātea, hei whakapūmau, hei whakarite i ngā rahi, me ētahi atu.
Ko te konutai carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) te hua me te putanga nui rawa atu, te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana, me te whakamahinga tino watea i waenga i ngā ethers cellulose, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te "monosodium glutamate ahumahi".
1. E whakamahia ana mō te keri hinu me te hau māori, te keri puna me ētahi atu kaupapa
① Mā te paru kei roto ko te CMC ka hanga te pakitara o te puna hei keke tātari angiangi, mārō hoki, he iti te uruhanga, ka whakaiti i te ngaronga wai.
② I muri i te tāpiri i te CMC ki te paru, ka taea e te taputapu keri te whiwhi i te kaha kutikuti tīmatanga iti, kia taea ai e te paru te tuku ngāwari i te hau kua takaihia ki roto, ā, i te wa ano, ka tere te maka atu i ngā paru ki te poka paru.
③He rite tonu te roa o te oranga o te paru keri ki ētahi atu mea whakamarara whakatārewatanga, ā, mā te tāpiri i te CMC ka taea te whakau me te whakaroa i te roa o te oranga.
④ Kāore i te maha ngā wā ka pāngia te paru kei roto ko te CMC e te harore, nō reira kāore e tika kia mau tonu te pH teitei me te whakamahi i ngā mea tiaki.
⑤ Kei roto ko te CMC hei kaihoko maimoatanga wai horoi paru keri, ka taea te ātete ki te parahanga o ngā tote wairewa.
⑥ He pai te pumau o te paru kei roto ko te CMC, ā, ka taea te whakaiti i te ngaronga wai ahakoa kei runga ake i te 150℃ te pāmahana.
He pai te CMC matotoru teitei me te kaha whakakapinga teitei mō te paru iti te kiato, ā, he pai te CMC matotoru iti me te kaha whakakapinga teitei mō te paru nui te kiato. Me whakatau te kōwhiringa o te CMC i runga i ngā āhuatanga rerekē pēnei i te momo paru, te rohe me te hohonu o te puna.
2. Whakamahia i roto i te umanga kakahu, tā me te tae. Ka whakamahia e te umanga kakahu te CMC hei taputapu ine mō te ine miro māmā o te miro, te huruhuru hipi hiraka, te muka matū, te ranu me ētahi atu rauemi kaha;
3. Whakamahia i roto i te umanga pepa. Ka taea te whakamahi i te CMC hei whakangawari mata pepa me te kaihoko rahi i roto i te umanga pepa. Mā te tāpiri i te 0.1% ki te 0.3% CMC ki te penupenu ka taea te whakarei ake i te kaha kume o te pepa mā te 40% ki te 50%, te whakanui ake i te pakaru pēhanga mā te 50%, me te whakanui ake i te āheinga pokepoke mā te 4 ki te 5 ngā wā.
4. Ka taea te whakamahi i te CMC hei mimiti paru ina tāpirihia ki ngā hopi hangai; ngā matū o ia rā pēnei i te umanga paraihe niho ka whakamahia te wairewa CMC glycerin hei turanga kapia mō te paraihe niho; ka whakamahia te umanga rongoā hei whakamātotoru me te emulsifier; ka whakamātotoruhia te wairewa CMC ka whakamahia mō te tukatuka kohuke mānu, me ētahi atu.
5. I roto i te umanga uku, ka taea te whakamahi hei piripiri, hei mea hanga kirihou, hei mea whakatārewatanga mō te kinaki, hei mea whakapiri tae, me ētahi atu.
6. Whakamahia i roto i te hanganga hei whakapai ake i te pupuri wai me te kaha
7. E whakamahia ana i roto i te umanga kai. Ka whakamahia e te umanga kai te CMC me te taumata whakakapinga teitei hei whakamātotoru mō te aihikirīmi, ngā kai kēne, ngā nūru tunu tere, me te whakau pahuka mō te pia, me ētahi atu. Hei whakamātotoru, hei here, hei tāpiri rānei.
8. Ka whiriwhiria e te umanga rongoā te CMC me te matotoru e tika ana hei here papa, hei wawahi, hei kaihoko whakatārewatanga hoki mō ngā whakatārewatanga.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi-03-2022