Ufa wa latex—Kukonza kusinthasintha ndi kutsetsereka kwa dongosololi pamene likusakanikirana monyowa. Chifukwa cha makhalidwe a polima, kugwirizana kwa zinthu zosakaniza zonyowa kumawonjezeka kwambiri, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri kuti zigwire ntchito bwino; zikauma, zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimba pamalo osalala komanso okhuthala. Kubwezeretsanso, kusintha mawonekedwe a mchenga, miyala, ndi ma pores. Pansi pa mfundo yotsimikizira kuchuluka kwa kuwonjezera, kumatha kuwonjezeredwa kukhala filimu pamalo olumikizira, kuti guluu wa matailosi ukhale wosinthasintha, umachepetsa elastic modulus, ndikuyamwa kupsinjika kwa kutentha kwambiri. Ngati madzi alowetsedwa m'madzi mtsogolo, padzakhala zovuta monga kukana madzi, kutentha kwa buffer, ndi kusinthasintha kwa zinthu (kufanana kwa matailosi 6 × 10-6/℃, kusakanikirana kwa simenti konkire 10 × 10-6/℃), ndikuwonjezera kukana kwa nyengo. Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose HPMC—Kupereka kusunga bwino madzi ndi kukhazikika kwa ntchito ya matope atsopano, makamaka pamalo onyowa. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti madzi akuyenda bwino, zimatha kuletsa kuti madzi asalowe m'madzi ambiri komanso kuti pamwamba pa nthaka pasatuluke nthunzi. Chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yolowetsa mpweya (1900g/L—-1400g/LPO400 mchenga 600HPMC2), kuchuluka kwa guluu wa matailosi kumachepa, zomwe zimasunga zinthu ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yotanuka ya matope olimba.
Ufa wa latex wothira matailosi ndi wobiriwira, wosamalira chilengedwe, wosunga mphamvu zomangira, komanso wapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo ndi wofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito yomangira matope ouma. Ukhoza kukonza magwiridwe antchito a matope, kuwonjezera mphamvu ya matope, kuwonjezera mphamvu yomangira pakati pa matope ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kukonza kusinthasintha ndi kugwira ntchito, mphamvu yokakamiza, mphamvu yosinthasintha, kukana kuwonongeka, kulimba, ndi kukhuthala kwa matope. Mphamvu yolumikizirana ndi kusunga madzi, kapangidwe kake. Magwiridwe antchito a ufa wa latex wothira matailosi ndi amphamvu, ndipo ufa wa latex wothira matailosi uli ndi mphamvu zambiri zomangira komanso makhalidwe apadera. Chifukwa chake, ntchito yawo ndi yayikulu kwambiri. Udindo wa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose umagwira ntchito yosunga madzi, kukhuthala ndi magwiridwe antchito omanga pachiyambi, ndipo ufa wa latex wothira matailosi umagwira ntchito yolimba mtsogolo, womwe umagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri pakulimba, kukana asidi ndi alkali pa ntchitoyi. Mphamvu ya ufa wa latex wothira matailosi pa matope atsopano: imawonjezera nthawi yogwirira ntchito ndikusintha nthawi kuti madzi asungidwe bwino, kuti zitsimikizire kuti simenti yasungunuka bwino komanso kuti isagwe (ufa wapadera wa rabara wosinthidwa) ndikuwongolera kugwira ntchito bwino (Substrate ndi yophweka kugwiritsa ntchito, yosavuta kukanikiza matailosi mu matope) ntchito ya matope olimba imakhala yogwirizana bwino ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo konkriti, pulasitala, matabwa, matailosi akale, PVC ngakhale nyengo zosiyanasiyana, ili ndi mphamvu yabwino yosinthira.
Kuonjezera ufa wa latex wosungunuka m'madzi pa zomatira za matailosi kumakhudza kwambiri momwe zomatira za matailosi zimagwirira ntchito bwino, ndipo kumakhudza kwambiri mphamvu yomangirira, kukana madzi, komanso kukana kukalamba kwa zomatirazo. Pakadali pano, pali mitundu yambiri ya ufa wa latex wosungunuka m'madzi pa zomatira za matailosi pamsika, monga ufa wa acrylic wosungunuka m'madzi, ufa wa styrene-acrylic, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymers, ndi zina zotero. Kawirikawiri, zomatira za matailosi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zomatira za matailosi pamsika. Ufa wambiri wa latex wosungunuka m'madzi ndi vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymers.
(1) Pamene kuchuluka kwa simenti kukuwonjezeka, mphamvu yoyambirira ya ufa wa latex wosungunukanso wa guluu wa matailosi imawonjezeka, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, mphamvu ya guluu womangika ikalowa m'madzi ndi mphamvu ya guluu womangika ikatha kutentha imawonjezekanso.
(2) Pamene kuchuluka kwa ufa wa latex wosungunukanso wa guluu wa matailosi kunawonjezeka, mphamvu ya tensile bond ya ufa wa latex wosungunukanso wa guluu wa matailosi atamizidwa m'madzi ndi mphamvu ya tensile bond pambuyo pa kutentha kunakula moyenerera, koma kutentha kunakula Pambuyo pake, mphamvu ya tensile bond inakula kwambiri.
Chifukwa cha kukongoletsa kwake bwino komanso magwiridwe antchito monga kulimba, kukana madzi komanso kuyeretsa kosavuta, matailosi a ceramic amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri: kuphatikiza makoma, pansi, denga ndi maiwe osambira, ndi zina zotero, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'nyumba ndi panja. Njira yachikhalidwe yopangira matailosi ndi njira yomangira yokhala ndi zigawo zokhuthala, ndiko kuti, choyamba ikani matope wamba kumbuyo kwa matailosi, kenako kanikizani matailosiwo ku maziko. Kukhuthala kwa matopewo ndi pafupifupi 10 mpaka 30mm. Ngakhale kuti njira iyi ndi yoyenera kwambiri pomanga pamaziko osafanana, zovuta zake ndi kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa matailosi, kufunikira kwakukulu kwa luso la ogwira ntchito, chiopsezo chowonjezeka chogwa chifukwa cha kusasinthasintha bwino kwa matope, komanso kuvutika kukonza matope pamalo omangira. Ubwino wake umayendetsedwa mosamala. Njirayi ndi yoyenera matailosi okha omwe ali ndi mphamvu yayikulu yoyamwa madzi. Musanapake matailosi, matailosi ayenera kunyowa m'madzi kuti akwaniritse mphamvu zokwanira zomangira.
Pakadali pano, njira yopangira matailosi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Europe ndi njira yotchedwa yothina-layer sticking method, kutanthauza kuti, gulu la tile losinthidwa ndi polymer limakanda pamwamba pa gawo loyambira kuti liikidwe matailosi pasadakhale ndi spatula yokhala ndi mano kuti ipange mizere yokwezedwa. Ndipo gawo lopangidwa ndi matope okhala ndi makulidwe ofanana, kenako kanikizani matailosi omwe ali pamenepo ndikupotoza pang'ono, makulidwe a gawo lopangidwa ndi matope ndi pafupifupi 2 mpaka 4mm. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ether ya cellulose ndi ufa wa latex wosungunukanso, kugwiritsa ntchito gulu lopangidwa ndi matailosi kuli ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino omangira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zigawo zoyambira ndi zigawo zapamwamba kuphatikiza matailosi okhala ndi vitrified okwanira omwe amayamwa madzi ochepa kwambiri, ndipo ali ndi kusinthasintha kwabwino, kotero kuti azitha kuyamwa kupsinjika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu monga kusiyana kwa kutentha, komanso kukana kwabwino kwambiri kwa sag, nthawi yayitali yokwanira yomanga magawo opyapyala, zomwe zimatha kufulumizitsa kwambiri liwiro lomanga, zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso palibe chifukwa chonyowetsa matailosi m'madzi. Njira yomangayi ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo ndi yosavuta kuchita kuwongolera khalidwe la zomangamanga pamalopo.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-12-2022