HEC ndi HPMC

Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC)ndiHydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC)Zonsezi ndi ma ether a cellulose osakhala a ionic, osungunuka m'madzi omwe amachokera ku cellulose yachilengedwe. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale, mankhwala, chisamaliro chaumwini, komanso chakudya chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zabwino kwambiri zokhuthala, kupanga filimu, kukhazikika, komanso kusakaniza. Ngakhale ali ndi kufanana kwina pa chiyambi ndi ntchito, kusiyana kwawo mu kapangidwe ka mankhwala kumabweretsa mphamvu ndi ntchito zosiyana.

1. Chiyambi ndi Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala

Ma Ether a Cellulose

HEC ndi HPMC zonse zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osintha maselo achilengedwe, omwe ndi polima wopangidwa ndi mayunitsi a β-D-glucose olumikizidwa ndi ma glycosidic bond a β(1→4). Cellulose yokha sisungunuka m'madzi, koma kudzera mu kusintha kwa mankhwala, imatha kusinthidwa kukhala zinthu zosungunuka m'madzi.

Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC)

HEC imapangidwa mwa kuyambitsa cellulose ndi ethylene oxide, kuyambitsa magulu a hydroxyethyl (-CH2CH2OH) motsatira unyolo wa polima. Kusintha kumeneku kumawonjezera kusungunuka kwa madzi ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya polima kupanga mayankho omveka bwino komanso okhazikika. Kusinthaku kumachitika makamaka pamalo a hydroxyl (-OH) a mayunitsi a anhydroglucose mu unyolo wa cellulose.

Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC)

HPMC imapangidwa mwa kusintha ma cellulose ndi methyl chloride ndi propylene oxide, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magulu a hydroxyl alowe m'malo mwa magulu a methoxy (-OCH3) ndi hydroxypropyl (-CH2CHOHCH3). Chiŵerengero cha kuchuluka kwa methoxy ndi hydroxypropyl chikhoza kusinthidwa kuti chigwirizane ndi mawonekedwe a polima.

2. Katundu Wathupi

Kusungunuka

HEC: Imasungunuka m'madzi otentha ndi ozizira, ndikupanga mayankho omveka bwino komanso okhuthala. Siisungunuka m'zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe.

HPMC: Imasungunukanso m'madzi ozizira koma imapanga jeli ikatenthedwa. Siisungunuka m'madzi otentha koma imatupa ndikupanga jeli zosinthika zikatenthedwa, zomwe zimathandiza popereka mankhwala otulutsidwa bwino. Mitundu ina ingathenso kusungunuka mu zosungunulira zachilengedwe monga ethanol kapena acetone.

Kukhuthala

HEC ndi HPMC zonse zimatha kupangidwa m'magawo osiyanasiyana a kukhuthala. Mayankho a HEC nthawi zambiri amapereka kumveka bwino ndipo sakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha. Kukhuthala kwa HPMC nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokhazikika pa pH yochuluka (3–11) ndipo kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino a pseudoplastic (kuchepetsa kumeta), komwe kumathandiza pakuphimba ndi mankhwala.

Kutentha kwa Gelation

HEC: Sichiwonetsa kutentha kwa gelation.

HPMC: Imawonetsa kutentha kwa gelation. Ikatenthedwa, yankho la polima limadutsa mu kusintha kwa gawo, kusanduka gel. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zakudya ndi mankhwala.

3. Katundu Wogwira Ntchito

4. Mapulogalamu

Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC)

HEC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa ntchito zomwe zimafuna kuwongolera kukhuthala ndi kukhazikika, makamaka m'makina okhala ndi madzi.

Utoto ndi Zophimba: Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chokhuthala komanso chokhazikika kuti zisatseke utoto ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito.

Kusamalira Munthu: Kumapezeka mu shampu, zodzoladzola, ndi mafuta odzola chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zokhuthala komanso zosinthira rheology.

Mankhwala: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomangira komanso chokhuthala m'mapangidwe apakhungu.

Kapangidwe: Mu simenti ndi matope ngati chothandizira kusunga madzi komanso kukulitsa kugwira ntchito bwino.

Mankhwala Ochokera ku Mafuta: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola madzi kuti azitha kukhuthala komanso kupewa kutayika kwa madzi.

Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC)

HPMC imadziwika chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake m'njira zoperekera mankhwala ochiritsa ndi oletsa kutulutsa mankhwala komanso ngati chomangira kapena chopangira filimu.

Mankhwala: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapiritsi omwa (monga chomangira, chophikira, kapena chopangira matrix kuti chitulutsidwe nthawi zonse), mayankho a maso, ndi ma gels apakhungu.

Makampani Ogulitsa Chakudya: Yavomerezedwa ngati chowonjezera chakudya (E464) ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chokhuthala, chosakaniza, komanso chokhazikika.

Kapangidwe: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mortars wouma, zomatira za matailosi, ndi ma plaster kuti madzi azisungidwa bwino, azigwira ntchito bwino, komanso kuti azigwira ntchito mosavuta.

Zodzoladzola: Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mafuta, ma gels, ndi madontho a maso.

Utoto: Wofanana ndi HEC, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala opangidwa ndi madzi kuti azitha kulamulira matenda a rheology

5. Kusiyana Kofunika Kwambiri

6. Chitetezo ndi Kugwirizana kwa Zamoyo

HEC ndi HPMC zonse zimaonedwa kuti ndi zotetezeka komanso zopanda poizoni. Sizimayamwa m'thupi lonse zikagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu kapena pakamwa m'magulu wamba. HPMC ili ndi GRAS (Yodziwika Kuti Ndi Yotetezeka) ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale azamankhwala ndi chakudya chifukwa cha kugwirizana kwake bwino ndi chilengedwe komanso kuvomerezedwa ndi malamulo.

HEC ndi HPMC ndi osinthasintha, ma polima osungunuka m'madzi okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana opangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi zosowa za mafakitale ndi zamankhwala. Ngakhale onsewa amapereka ntchito zabwino kwambiri zokulitsa ndi kukhazikika, HPMC imadziwika bwino mu mankhwala ndi chakudya chifukwa cha kutentha kwake komanso kuyanjana kwake ndi zinthu zina. Komabe, HEC imapezeka kwambiri m'madzi monga utoto ndi zodzoladzola chifukwa cha kumveka bwino kwake komanso kusinthasintha kwake m'madzi.