Yiziphi izinto eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose?

I-Cellulose, enye yamakhemikhali e-organic amaningi kakhulu eMhlabeni, isebenza njengengxenye eyinhloko yesakhiwo ezindongeni zamaseli ezitshalo. Le polysaccharide eyinkimbinkimbi yakhiwe ngamayunithi aphindaphindayo ama-molecule e-glucose ahlanganiswe ndawonye, ​​​​akha amaketanga amade. Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose zivela emithonjeni yezitshalo, ikakhulukazi i-pulp yokhuni, ukotini, kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinsalela zezolimo.

I-Wood Pulp:
I-pulp yokhuni iyinto eluhlaza evame kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwe-cellulose, ebangela ingxenye enkulu yokukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose emhlabeni jikelele. Itholakala kuma-fiber okhuni, atholakala kakhulu kuma-softwood kanye nezihlahla ze-hardwood. Izihlahla ze-softwood ezifana ne-pine, i-spruce, ne-fir ziyathandwa ngenxa yama-fiber azo amade kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cellulose, okwenza zibe zilungele ukukhiqizwa kwama-pulp. Izihlahla ze-hardwood ezifana ne-birch, i-eucalyptus, kanye ne-oki nazo ziyasetshenziswa, yize kunezindlela zokucubungula ezihlukile kancane ngenxa yama-fiber azo amafushane kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuhlukile.

I-pulp yokhuni ikhishwa ngochungechunge lwezinqubo zemishini nezekhemikhali. Ekuqaleni, izingodo ziyasuswa bese zinqunywa zibe yizicucu ezincane. Lawa ma-chip abe esefakwa ekugayweni ngomshini noma ekwelashweni ngamakhemikhali ukuze kuhlukaniswe imicu ye-cellulose kwezinye izingxenye ezifana ne-lignin ne-hemicellulose. I-pulp evelayo bese igezwa, i-bleached, bese ihlungwa ukuze kutholakale ikhwalithi ye-cellulose efiselekayo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene.

Ukotini:
Ukotini, i-fiber yemvelo etholakala kuma-seedpods esitshalo sikakotini, ungomunye umthombo obalulekile we-cellulose. Yakhiwe ngokuyinhloko nge-cellulose ecishe ibe msulwa, enokuqukethwe okuncane kakhulu kwe-lignin ne-hemicellulose. I-cellulose kakotini idume ngobumsulwa bayo obuphezulu namandla, okwenza ibe usizo kakhulu ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo ye-cellulose esezingeni eliphezulu njengezindwangu, iphepha, kanye nezinto ezitholakala ku-cellulose.

Inqubo yokukhipha i-cellulose kukotini ihilela ukuhlukanisa imicu embewini yokotini kanye nokunye ukungcola ngochungechunge lwezinqubo ze-ginning, cleaning, kanye ne-carding. Imicu yokotini ephumayo ibe isicutshungulwa kabanzi ukuze kususwe noma yikuphi ukungcola okusele futhi kuhlungwe i-cellulose ukuze kusetshenziswe okuthile.

Izinsalela Zezolimo:
Izinsalela ezahlukene zezolimo, okuhlanganisa utshani, i-bagasse, i-corn stover, ama-rice husks, kanye ne-sugar bag yomoba, zisebenza njengemithombo ehlukile ye-cellulose. Lezi zinsalela ziyimikhiqizo yezinqubo zezolimo futhi ngokuvamile zihlanganisa i-cellulose, i-hemicellulose, i-lignin, nezinye izinto eziphilayo. Ukusebenzisa izinsalela zezolimo ekukhiqizeni i-cellulose kunikeza izinzuzo zemvelo ngokunciphisa imfucuza nokusebenzisa izinsiza ezivuselelekayo.

Ukukhishwa kwe-cellulose ezinsaleleni zezolimo kuhilela izinqubo ezifanayo nokukhiqizwa kwe-pulp yezinkuni, okuhlanganisa ukunciphisa usayizi, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, kanye nokucwengisisa. Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nesakhiwo sezinsalela zezolimo kungahluka kokhuni, okudinga ukulungiswa kwemingcele yokucubungula ukuze kuthuthukiswe isivuno se-cellulose kanye nekhwalithi.

Ulwelwe:
Nakuba zingasetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-pulp yokhuni, ukotini, noma izinsalela zezolimo, izinhlobo ezithile ze-algae ziqukethe i-cellulose futhi ziye zahlolwa njengemithombo engaba khona yokukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose. I-algal cellulose inikeza izinzuzo ezifana namazinga okukhula okusheshayo, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cellulose, kanye nezidingo ezincane zomhlaba namanzi uma kuqhathaniswa nezitshalo zomhlaba.

Ukukhipha i-cellulose ku-algae ngokuvamile kuhilela ukudiliza izindonga zamaseli ukuze kukhishwe imicu ye-cellulose, kulandelwe ukuhlanzwa nokucubungula ukuze kutholakale izinto ze-cellulose ezisebenzisekayo. Ucwaningo ngokukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose olusekelwe ku-algae luyaqhubeka, luhlose ukuthuthukisa izindlela ezizinzile nezisebenzayo zokukhiqiza ngezinga elikhulu.

izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zei-cellulosekufaka phakathi i-pulp yokhuni, ukotini, izinsalela zezolimo, kanye, ngezinga elincane, nezinhlobo ezithile ze-algae. Lezi zinto zokusetshenziswa zidlula ezinyathelweni ezahlukahlukene zokucubungula ukuze kukhishwe futhi kuhlungwe i-cellulose, esebenza njengengxenye eguquguqukayo nebalulekile ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zezimboni nezentengiselwano, okuhlanganisa ukwenza amaphepha, izindwangu, imithi, imikhiqizo yokudla, kanye ne-biofuels. Ubuchwepheshe bokuthola ulwazi oluqhubekayo kanye nokucubungula okusha buyaqhubeka nokuqhuba intuthuko ekukhiqizweni kwe-cellulose, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, ukunciphisa umthelela emvelweni, kanye nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka kwale nsiza yemvelo ebalulekile.