He aha nā mea nui o ka cellulose?

Kelulose, kekahi o nā hui organik nui loa ma ka Honua, lawelawe ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana kūkulu mua i loko o nā paia cell o nā mea kanu. Hana ʻia kēia polysaccharide paʻakikī i nā ʻāpana hana hou o nā mole glucose i hoʻopili ʻia, e hana ana i nā kaulahao lōʻihi. ʻO nā mea maka nui no ka hana cellulose mai nā kumu mea kanu, ʻo ia hoʻi ka pulp lāʻau, ka pulupulu, a me nā ʻano koena mahiʻai like ʻole.

ʻUpena Lāʻau:
ʻO ka pulp lāʻau ka mea maka maʻamau no ka hana ʻana i ka cellulose, e helu ana i kahi hapa nui o ka hana cellulose honua. Loaʻa ia mai nā olonā lāʻau, i loaʻa nui ʻia mai nā lāʻau palupalu a me nā lāʻau paʻakikī. Makemake nui ʻia nā lāʻau palupalu e like me ka paina, spruce, a me ka fir no ko lākou mau olonā lōʻihi a me ka nui o ka cellulose, e kūpono ai lākou no ka hana ʻana i ka pulp. Hoʻohana pū ʻia nā lāʻau paʻakikī e like me ka birch, eucalyptus, a me ka ʻoka, ʻoiai me nā ʻano hana ʻokoʻa iki ma muli o ko lākou mau olonā pōkole a me nā ʻano kemika like ʻole.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pulp lāʻau ma o kekahi mau kaʻina hana mechanical a me kemika. I ka wā mua, wehe ʻia ka ʻili o nā lāʻau a ʻokiʻoki ʻia i loko o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. A laila hana ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana i ka wili mechanical a i ʻole ka mālama kemika e hoʻokaʻawale i nā olonā cellulose mai nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe e like me ka lignin a me ka hemicellulose. A laila holoi ʻia ka pulp hopena, hoʻokeʻokeʻo ʻia, a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e loaʻa ai ka maikaʻi cellulose i makemake ʻia no nā hana like ʻole.

Pulupulu:
ʻO ka pulupulu, kahi olonā kūlohelohe i loaʻa mai nā hua kanu o ka mea kanu pulupulu, he kumu nui ʻē aʻe o ka cellulose. Hana nui ʻia ia me ka cellulose kokoke i ka maʻemaʻe, me ka liʻiliʻi o ka lignin a me ka hemicellulose. Kaulana ka pulupulu cellulose no kona maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika, e lilo ia i mea waiwai nui no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana cellulose kiʻekiʻe e like me nā lole, ka pepa, a me nā mea i loaʻa mai ka cellulose.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka unuhi ʻana i ka cellulose mai ka pulupulu e pili ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā olonā mai nā hua pulupulu a me nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe ma o kahi moʻo o nā kaʻina hana ginning, hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a me ke kāleka ʻana. A laila hana hou ʻia nā olonā pulupulu hopena e wehe i nā mea haumia i koe a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka cellulose no nā noi kikoʻī.

Nā Koena Mahiʻai:
ʻO nā koena mahiʻai like ʻole, me ka mauʻu maloʻo, ka bagasse, ke kapuahi kulina, nā ʻili laiki, a me ka bagasse kō, he mau kumu ʻē aʻe o ka cellulose. ʻO kēia mau koena he mau huahana ʻaoʻao o nā kaʻina hana mahiʻai a ʻo ka maʻamau he cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, a me nā hui organik ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā koena mahiʻai no ka hana cellulose e hāʻawi i nā pono kaiapuni ma o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻōpala a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai hou.

ʻO ka unuhi ʻana o ka cellulose mai nā koena mahiʻai e pili ana i nā kaʻina hana like me ka hana ʻana o ka pulp lāʻau, me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nui, ka mālama ʻana i nā kemika, a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa paha ke ʻano kemika a me ke ʻano o nā koena mahiʻai mai ka lāʻau, e pono ai nā hoʻoponopono i nā palena hana e hoʻonui i ka hua cellulose a me ka maikaʻi.

Limu:
ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me ka pulp lāʻau, ka pulupulu, a i ʻole nā ​​​​koena mahiʻai, aia ka cellulose i loko o kekahi mau ʻano algae a ua ʻimi ʻia he mau kumu kūpono no ka hana cellulose. Hāʻawi ka algal cellulose i nā pono e like me ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana, ka nui o ka cellulose, a me ka liʻiliʻi o nā koi ʻāina a me ka wai i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea kanu terrestrial.

ʻO ka unuhi ʻana i ka cellulose mai ka algae e pili ana i ka wāwahi ʻana i nā paia o ke kelepona e hoʻokuʻu i nā olonā cellulose, a ukali ʻia e ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka hana ʻana e loaʻa ai nā mea cellulose hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia. Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi ʻana i ka hana cellulose i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka algae, me ka manaʻo e hoʻomohala i nā ʻano hana hoʻomau a kūpono i ka hoʻokele waiwai no ka hana nui.

nā mea maka nui okelulosee komo pū me ka pulp lāʻau, ka pulupulu, nā koena mahiʻai, a, i kahi liʻiliʻi, kekahi mau ʻano algae. Hana kēia mau mea maka i nā ʻanuʻu hana like ʻole e unuhi a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka cellulose, kahi e lawelawe ai ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana versatile a koʻikoʻi i nā ʻano hana ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana, me ka hana pepa, nā lole, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā huahana meaʻai, a me nā biofuels. Ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā ʻenehana hoʻomau a me nā ʻenehana hana hou i ka holomua ʻana i ka hana cellulose, e hoʻonui ana i ka pono, e hōʻemi ana i ka hopena o ke kaiapuni, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā noi hiki o kēia kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe waiwai nui.