Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cellulose yog dab tsi?

Cellulose, yog ib qho ntawm cov organic compounds muaj ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, ua haujlwm ua cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov phab ntsa cell ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Cov polysaccharide nyuaj no yog tsim los ntawm cov units ntawm cov glucose molecules txuas ua ke, tsim cov saw ntev. Cov khoom siv raw tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cellulose los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, feem ntau yog ntoo pulp, paj rwb, thiab ntau hom kev ua liaj ua teb seem.

Ntoo Pulp:
Cov ntoo pulp yog cov khoom siv raw tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cellulose, suav txog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cellulose thoob ntiaj teb. Nws tau txais los ntawm cov ntoo fibers, feem ntau yog los ntawm cov ntoo mos thiab cov ntoo tawv. Cov ntoo mos xws li ntoo thuv, spruce, thiab fir yog cov nyiam rau lawv cov fibers ntev thiab cov cellulose ntau, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau kev tsim pulp. Cov ntoo tawv xws li birch, eucalyptus, thiab oak kuj tseem siv, txawm hais tias muaj cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm sib txawv me ntsis vim lawv cov fibers luv dua thiab cov tshuaj sib txawv.

Cov ntoo pulp raug rho tawm los ntawm ntau yam txheej txheem tshuab thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Thaum xub thawj, cov ntoo raug tshem tawm thiab txiav ua tej daim me me. Cov chips no tom qab ntawd raug kev sib tsoo tshuab lossis kev kho tshuaj kom cais cov cellulose fibers ntawm lwm yam khoom xws li lignin thiab hemicellulose. Cov pulp uas tau los tom qab ntawd raug ntxuav, bleached, thiab refined kom tau txais cov cellulose zoo rau ntau yam kev siv.

Paj Rwb:
Paj rwb, yog ib hom fiber ntuj uas tau los ntawm cov noob ntawm cov nroj tsuag paj rwb, yog lwm qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm cellulose. Nws feem ntau yog ua los ntawm yuav luag cellulose ntshiab, nrog me ntsis lignin thiab hemicellulose. Paj rwb cellulose yog lub npe nrov rau nws qhov huv si thiab lub zog siab, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim cov khoom cellulose zoo xws li cov ntaub, ntawv, thiab cellulose derivatives.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rho tawm cellulose ntawm paj rwb suav nrog kev sib cais cov fibers ntawm cov noob paj rwb thiab lwm yam tsis huv los ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem ginning, ntxuav, thiab carding. Cov fibers paj rwb uas tau txais los tom qab ntawd raug ua kom tiav ntxiv kom tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv uas tseem tshuav thiab ua kom cov cellulose zoo rau cov kev siv tshwj xeeb.

Cov Khoom Siv Ua Liaj Ua Teb:
Ntau yam khoom seem ua liaj ua teb, suav nrog cov nyom, bagasse, pob kws stover, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo mov, thiab cov bagasse qab zib, yog lwm txoj hauv kev los tsim cov cellulose. Cov khoom seem no yog cov khoom seem ntawm cov txheej txheem ua liaj ua teb thiab feem ntau muaj cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, thiab lwm yam organic compounds. Kev siv cov khoom seem ua liaj ua teb rau kev tsim cellulose muab cov txiaj ntsig rau ib puag ncig los ntawm kev txo cov khib nyiab thiab siv cov peev txheej rov ua dua tshiab.

Kev rho tawm cov cellulose los ntawm cov khoom seem ua liaj ua teb muaj cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws rau kev tsim cov ntoo pulp, suav nrog kev txo qhov loj me, kev kho tshuaj, thiab kev ua kom zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov qauv ntawm cov khoom seem ua liaj ua teb yuav txawv ntawm ntoo, uas yuav tsum tau hloov kho cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo tshaj plaws kom tau txais cov cellulose thiab zoo.

Cov kab ntsaum:
Txawm hais tias tsis siv dav li cov ntoo pulp, paj rwb, lossis cov khoom seem ua liaj ua teb, qee hom algae muaj cellulose thiab tau raug tshawb nrhiav ua qhov chaw muaj peev xwm rau kev tsim cellulose. Algal cellulose muaj cov txiaj ntsig xws li kev loj hlob sai, cov cellulose ntau, thiab qhov xav tau av thiab dej tsawg dua piv rau cov nroj tsuag hauv av.

Kev rho tawm cellulose los ntawm algae feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev rhuav tshem cov phab ntsa cell kom tso cov cellulose fibers, tom qab ntawd los ntawm kev ntxuav thiab ua kom tau txais cov khoom siv cellulose siv tau. Kev tshawb fawb txog kev tsim cov cellulose raws li algae tseem tab tom ua, lub hom phiaj yog los tsim cov txheej txheem ruaj khov thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tsim khoom loj.

cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawmcellulosesuav nrog cov ntoo pulp, paj rwb, cov khoom seem ua liaj ua teb, thiab, rau qee qhov tsawg dua, qee hom algae. Cov khoom siv raw no dhau los ntawm ntau yam txheej txheem ua kom rho tawm thiab ua kom zoo cellulose, uas ua haujlwm ua cov khoom siv tau ntau yam thiab tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam, suav nrog kev ua ntawv, textiles, tshuaj, khoom noj khoom haus, thiab biofuels. Kev nrhiav khoom ruaj khov thiab cov thev naus laus zis ua tiav tshiab txuas ntxiv tsav kev nce qib hauv kev tsim cellulose, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo, txo qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig, thiab nthuav dav cov kev siv tau ntawm cov peev txheej ntuj tsim no.