Isifinyezo: Ukusetshenziswa kwekhayai-hydroxypropyl methylcelluloseesikhundleni sokungenisa eyodwa ekukhiqizweni kwe-PVC enezinga eliphezulu lokupholimitha kwethulwa. Imiphumela yezinhlobo ezimbili ze-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ezimpahleni ze-PVC enezinga eliphezulu lokupholimitha yahlolwa. Imiphumela ikhombisile ukuthi kungenzeka ukufaka esikhundleni se-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose yasekhaya kuneyokungenisa.
Ama-resin e-PVC anezinga eliphezulu lokubumba ama-resin abhekisela kuma-resin e-PVC anezinga elimaphakathi lokubumba ama-polymer angaphezu kuka-1,700 noma anesakhiwo esixhumene kancane phakathi kwama-molecule, phakathi kwawo avame kakhulu ama-resin e-PVC anezinga elimaphakathi lokubumba ama-polymer elingu-2,500 [1]. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-resin evamile ye-PVC, i-resin ye-PVC enezinga eliphezulu lokubumba ama-polymer inokuqina okuphezulu, isethi encane yokucindezelwa, ukumelana nokushisa okuhle, ukumelana nokuguga, ukumelana nokukhathala kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Iyindawo engcono kakhulu yokufaka esikhundleni serabha futhi ingasetshenziswa emigqeni yokuvala izimoto, izintambo nezintambo, ama-catheter ezokwelapha, njll. [2].
Indlela yokukhiqiza ye-PVC enezinga eliphezulu le-polymerization ikakhulukazi i-suspension polymerization [3-4]. Ekukhiqizweni kwendlela yokumiswa, i-dispersant iyi-ejenti ewusizo ebalulekile, futhi uhlobo lwayo kanye nenani layo kuzothinta ngqo ukuma kwezinhlayiya, ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiya, kanye nokumuncwa kwe-plasticizer ye-resin ye-PVC eqediwe. Izinhlelo zokusabalalisa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yizinhlelo ze-polyvinyl alcohol kanye nezinhlelo ze-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kanye ne-polyvinyl alcohol composite dispersion, kanti abakhiqizi basekhaya basebenzisa kakhulu lokhu kokugcina [5].
1 Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko kanye nezincazelo
Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko kanye nezincazelo ezisetshenziswe esivivinyweni ziboniswe kuThebula 1. Kungabonakala kuThebula 1 ukuthi i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yasekhaya ekhethiwe kuleli phepha iyahambisana ne-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose engenisiwe, enikeza imfuneko yokuhlolwa kokufaka esikhundleni kuleli phepha.
2 Hlola okuqukethwe
2. 1 Ukulungiswa kwesisombululo se-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
Thatha inani elithile lamanzi acwengekile, uwafake esitsheni bese uwashisa ku-70°C, bese ufaka kancane kancane i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ngaphansi kokuxutshwa njalo. I-cellulose iyantanta emanzini ekuqaleni, bese ihlakazeka kancane kancane ize ixubane ngokulinganayo. Pholisa ikhambi libe yivolumu.
Ithebula 1 Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko kanye nemininingwane yazo
| Igama lezinto ezingavuthiwe | Imininingwane |
| I-vinyl chloride monomer | Isilinganiso sekhwalithi≥99. 98% |
| Amanzi akhishwe usawoti | Ukuqhuba kwe-conductivity≤10. 0 μs/cm, inani le-pH 5. 00 kuya ku-9. 00 |
| Utshwala be-polyvinyl A | Izinga lokusebenzisa utshwala 78. 5% kuya ku-81. 5%, okuqukethwe umlotha ≤0. 5%, izinto eziguquguqukayo ≤5. 0% |
| I-Polyvinyl alcohol B | Izinga lokusebenzisa utshwala 71. 0% kuya ku-73. 5%, i-viscosity 4. 5 kuya ku-6. 5mPa s, i-volatile matter≤5. 0% |
| I-Polyvinyl alcohol C | Izinga lokusebenzisa utshwala 54. 0% kuya ku-57. 0%, i-viscosity 800 ~ 1 400mPa s, okuqukethwe okuqinile 39. 5% kuya ku-40. 5% |
| I-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose A engenisiwe | Ukuqina okungu-40 ~ 60 mPa s, ingxenye yesisindo se-methoxyl engu-28% ~ 30%, ingxenye yesisindo se-hydroxypropyl engu-7% ~ 12%, umswakama ≤5. 0% |
| I-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose B yasekhaya | Ukuqina okungu-40 ~ 60 mPa s, ingxenye yesisindo se-methoxyl engu-28% ~ 30%, ingxenye yesisindo se-hydroxypropyl engu-7% ~ 12%, umswakama ≤5. 0% |
| I-Bis (2-ethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate) | Ingxenye yesisindo [(45 ~ 50) ± 1] % |
2. 2 Indlela yokuhlola
Kudivayisi yokuhlola encane engamalitha ayi-10, sebenzisa i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose engenisiwe ukuze wenze izivivinyo zokulinganisa ukuze kutholakale ifomula eyisisekelo yokuhlolwa okuncane; sebenzisa i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose yasekhaya ukuze uthathe indawo ye-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose engenisiwe ukuze kuhlolwe; Imikhiqizo ye-resin ye-PVC ekhiqizwe yi-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ehlukene iqhathaniswe nokutadisha ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukufaka esikhundleni i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose yasekhaya. Ngokusho kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa okuncane, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kokukhiqiza.
2. Izinyathelo ezi-3 zokuhlola
Ngaphambi kokusabela, hlanza ikettle yokwenza i-polymerization, uvale ivalvu engezansi, engeza inani elithile lamanzi akhishwe usawoti, bese ufaka i-dispersant; vala isembozo sekettle, uvale nge-vacuum ngemva kokudlula ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi ye-nitrogen, bese ufaka i-vinyl chloride monomer; ngemva kokuxubha okubandayo, engeza i-initiator; Sebenzisa amanzi ajikelezayo ukuphakamisa izinga lokushisa ekettle kuya ekushiseni kokusabela, bese ufaka isixazululo se-ammonium bicarbonate ngesikhathi esifanele phakathi nale nqubo ukuze ulungise inani le-pH lesistimu yokusabela; lapho ingcindezi yokusabela yehla iye ekucindezelweni okuchazwe kufomula, engeza i-ejenti yokuqeda kanye ne-ejenti yokuhlanza, bese ukhipha. Umkhiqizo oqediwe we-PVC resin utholwe nge-centrifugation kanye nokomisa, futhi wathathwa ukuze uhlaziywe.
2. 4 Izindlela zokuhlaziya
Ngokwezindlela zokuhlola ezifanele ezijwayelekile zebhizinisi Q31/0116000823C002-2018, inombolo ye-viscosity, ukuminyana okubonakalayo, izinto eziguquguqukayo (kufaka phakathi amanzi) kanye nokumuncwa kwe-plasticizer kwe-resin ye-PVC engu-100 g ye-resin ye-PVC eqediwe kwahlolwa futhi kwahlaziywa; Usayizi wezinhlayiya ezimaphakathi ze-resin ye-PVC wahlolwa; ukuma kwezinhlayiya ze-resin ye-PVC kwabonwa kusetshenziswa i-scanning electron microscope.
3 Imiphumela kanye nengxoxo
3. 1 Ukuhlaziywa okuqhathanisayo kwekhwalithi yamaqoqo ahlukene e-resin ye-PVC ekupholimeni okuncane
Cindezela u-2. Ngokwendlela yokuhlola echazwe ku-4, ibhetshi ngayinye ye-resin ye-PVC eqediwe encane ihlolwe, futhi imiphumela iboniswe kuThebula 2.
Ithebula 2 imiphumela yamaqoqo ahlukene okuhlolwa okuncane
| Iqembu | I-Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose | Ubuningi obubonakalayo/(g/mL) | Usayizi wezinhlayiya omaphakathi/μm | Ukujiya/(mL/g) | Ukumuncwa kwe-plasticizer kwe-resin ye-PVC engu-100 g/g | Izinto eziguquguqukayo/% |
| 1# | Ngenisa | 0.36 | 180 | 196 | 42 | 0.16 |
| 2# | Ngenisa | 0.36 | 175 | 196 | 42 | 0.20 |
| 3# | Ngenisa | 0.36 | 182 | 195 | 43 | 0.20 |
| 4# | Yasekhaya | 0.37 | 165 | 194 | 41 | 0.08 |
| 5# | Yasekhaya | 0.38 | 164 | 194 | 41 | 0.24 |
| 6# | Yasekhaya | 0.36 | 167 | 194 | 43 | 0.22 |
Kungabonakala kuThebula 2: Ubuningi obubonakalayo, inombolo ye-viscosity kanye nokumuncwa kwe-plasticizer kwe-resin ye-PVC etholiwe kusondelene kakhulu ngokusebenzisa i-cellulose ehlukene ekuhlolweni okuncane; umkhiqizo we-resin otholiwe ngokusebenzisa ifomula yasekhaya ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Usayizi wezinhlayiya omaphakathi mncane kancane.
Isithombe 1 sibonisa izithombe ze-SEM zemikhiqizo ye-resin ye-PVC etholwe ngokusebenzisa i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ehlukene.
(1)—I-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose engenisiwe
(2)—I-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yasekhaya
Isithombe 1 SEM sama-resin akhiqizwa ku-polymerizer engu-10-L lapho kukhona i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ehlukile
Kungabonakala kuMfanekiso 1 ukuthi izakhiwo ezingaphezulu zezinhlayiya ze-resin ze-PVC ezikhiqizwa yizihlakaza ze-cellulose ezahlukene zifana kakhulu.
Ngamafuphi, kungabonakala ukuthi i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yasekhaya ehlolwe kuleli phepha inethuba lokufaka esikhundleni se-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose engenisiwe.
3. 2 Ukuhlaziywa kokuqhathanisa kwekhwalithi ye-resin ye-PVC enezinga eliphezulu le-polymerization ekuhlolweni kokukhiqiza
Ngenxa yezindleko eziphezulu kanye nengozi yokuhlolwa kokukhiqiza, uhlelo oluphelele lokufaka esikhundleni sokuhlolwa okuncane alukwazi ukusetshenziswa ngqo. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lokukhulisa kancane kancane ingxenye ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yasekhaya kufomula luyamukelwa. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kweqoqo ngalinye iboniswe kuThebula 3.
Ithebula 3 Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwamaqoqo ahlukene okukhiqiza
| Iqembu | I-M (i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose yasekhaya): I-M (i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose engenisiwe) | Ubuningi obubonakalayo/(g/mL) | Inombolo ye-viscosity/(mL/g) | Ukumuncwa kwe-plasticizer kwe-resin ye-PVC engu-100 g/g | Izinto eziguquguqukayo/% |
| 0# | 0:100 | 0.45 | 196 | 36 | 0.12 |
| 1# | 1.25:1 | 0.45 | 196 | 36 | 0.11 |
| 2# | 1.25:1 | 0.45 | 196 | 36 | 0.13 |
| 3# | 1.25:1 | 0.45 | 196 | 36 | 0.10 |
| 4# | 2.50:1 | 0.45 | 196 | 36 | 0.12 |
| 5# | 2.50:1 | 0.45 | 196 | 36 | 0.14 |
| 6# | 2.50:1 | 0.45 | 196 | 36 | 0.18 |
| 7# | 100:0 | 0.45 | 196 | 36 | 0.11 |
| 8# | 100:0 | 0.45 | 196 | 36 | 0.17 |
| 9# | 100:0 | 0.45 | 196 | 36 | 0.14 |
Kungabonakala kuThebula 3 ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yasekhaya kwanda kancane kancane kwaze kwaba yilapho wonke amaqoqo e-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yasekhaya ethatha indawo ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose engenisiwe. Izinkomba eziyinhloko ezifana nokumuncwa kwe-plasticizer kanye nobuningi obubonakalayo azizange zishintshe kakhulu, okubonisa ukuthi i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yasekhaya ekhethiwe kuleli phepha ingathatha indawo ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose engenisiwe ekukhiqizweni.
4 Isiphetho
Ukuhlolwa kwekhayai-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulosekudivayisi encane yokuhlola engu-10 L ikhombisa ukuthi ingakwazi ukufaka esikhundleni se-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose engenisiwe; imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokushintsha kokukhiqiza ikhombisa ukuthi i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose yasekhaya isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-resin ye-PVC, izinkomba zekhwalithi eziyinhloko ze-resin ye-PVC eqediwe kanye ne-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose engenisiwe azinawo umehluko omkhulu. Njengamanje, intengo ye-cellulose yasekhaya emakethe iphansi kuneye-cellulose engenisiwe. Ngakho-ke, uma i-cellulose yasekhaya isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni, izindleko zokukhiqiza zingancishiswa kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-25-2024