1.Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)ke ether ea bohlokoa ea cellulose, e sebelisoang haholo kahong, meriana, lijong, litlolong le mafapheng a mang. HPMC e na le thepa e ntle ea ho tenya, ho etsa filimi, ho emulsifying, ho emisa le ho boloka metsi, kahoo e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa liindastering tse ngata. Tlhahiso ea HPMC e itšetlehile haholo ka mekhoa ea phetoho ea lik'hemik'hale. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ea baeloji, mekhoa ea tlhahiso e thehiloeng ho belisoa ha likokoana-hloko le eona e qalile ho hohela tlhokomelo.
2. Molao-motheo oa tlhahiso ea belisoa oa HPMC
Mokhoa oa setso oa tlhahiso ea HPMC o sebelisa cellulose ea tlhaho e le thepa e tala 'me o hlahisoa ka mekhoa ea lik'hemik'hale e kang alkalization, etherification le ho hloekisa. Leha ho le joalo, mokhoa ona o kenyelletsa bongata bo boholo ba li-solvents tsa tlhaho le li-reagent tsa lik'hemik'hale, tse nang le tšusumetso e kholo tikolohong. Ka hona, tšebeliso ea ho belisa likokoana-hloko ho kopanya cellulose le ho e etsa etherify e se e le mokhoa oa tlhahiso o mosa haholoanyane tikolohong le o tsitsitseng.
Ho kopanngoa ha cellulose (BC) ka dikokwana-hloko e bile taba e chesang haholo dilemong tsa morao tjena. Dibaktheria tse kenyeletsang Komagataeibacter (jwalo ka Komagataeibacter xylinus) le Gluconacetobacter di ka kopanya cellulose e hlwekileng haholo ka ho e bela. Dibaktheria tsena di sebedisa glucose, glycerol kapa mehlodi e meng ya khabone e le di-substrate, di bela tlasa maemo a loketseng, mme di ntsha di-nanofiber tsa cellulose. Cellulose ya baktheria e hlahang e ka fetolwa ho ba HPMC kamora phetoho ya hydroxypropyl le methylation.
3. Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso
3.1 Ts'ebetso ea ho belisa cellulose ea baktheria
Ho ntlafatsa tshebetso ya ho belisa ho bohlokwa haholo ho ntlafatseng chai le boleng ba cellulose ya baktheria. Mehato ya mantlha ke e latelang:
Ho hlahloba le ho lema mefuta ea cellulose e hlahisang chai e ngata, joalo ka Komagataeibacter xylinus, bakeng sa ho e rua le ho e ntlafatsa.
Sesebediswa sa ho belisa: Fana ka mehlodi ya khabone (glucose, sucrose, xylose), mehlodi ya naetrojene (tomoso e ntshwang, peptone), matswai a sa pheleng (phosphates, matswai a magnesium, jj.) le balaodi (acetic acid, citric acid) ho kgothaletsa kgolo ya baktheria le tlhahiso ya cellulose.
Taolo ea boemo ba ho belisa: ho kenyeletsoa mocheso (28-30℃), pH (4.5-6.0), boemo ba oksijene bo qhibilihileng (ho hlohlelletsa kapa ho mela ha mobu), jj.
Pokello le tlhoekiso: Kamora ho bela, cellulose ea baktheria e bokelloa ka ho sefa, ho hlatsoa, ho omisa le mehato e meng, 'me libaktheria tse setseng le litšila tse ling lia tlosoa.
3.2 Phetoho ea methylation ea Hydroxypropyl ea cellulose
Celulose ea baktheria e fumanoeng e hloka ho fetoloa ka lik'hemik'hale ho e fa litšobotsi tsa HPMC. Mehato ea mantlha ke e latelang:
Kalafo ea alkalinization: inela ka har'a tharollo ea NaOH e lekaneng ho holisa ketane ea cellulose le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea karabelo ea etherification e latelang.
Karabelo ea etherification: tlas'a maemo a itseng a mocheso le a catalytic, eketsa propylene oxide (hydroxypropylation) le methyl chloride (methylation) ho nkela sehlopha sa cellulose hydroxyl sebaka ho theha HPMC.
Ho se nke lehlakore le ho hlwekisa: ho se nke lehlakore ka asiti kamora karabelo ho tlosa di-reagent tsa dikhemikhale tse sa arajoang, mme o fumane sehlahiswa sa ho qetela ka ho se hlatswa, ho sefa le ho se omisa.
Ho sila le ho hlophisa: ho sila HPMC hore e be dikarolwana tse fihlelang ditlhoko, le ho di hlahloba le ho di paka ho ya ka dihlopha tse fapaneng tsa viscosity.
4. Mahlale a bohlokoa le maano a ntlafatso
Ntlafatso ea khatello: ntlafatsa chai ea cellulose le boleng ka boenjiniere ba liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa mefuta ea likokoana-hloko.
Ntlafatso ea ts'ebetso ea ho belisa: sebelisa li-bioreactor bakeng sa taolo e matla ho ntlafatsa katleho ea tlhahiso ea cellulose.
Mokhoa oa ho etsa etherification e tala: fokotsa tšebeliso ea li-solvent tsa tlhaho le ho nts'etsapele mahlale a ho etsa etherification a sireletsang tikoloho haholoanyane, joalo ka phetoho ea li-enzyme catalytic.
Taolo ea boleng ba sehlahisoa: ka ho sekaseka tekanyo ea ho nkeloa sebaka, ho qhibiliha, ho teteana le matšoao a mang a HPMC, etsa bonnete ba hore e fihlela litlhoko tsa ts'ebeliso.
E thehiloeng ho belisoaHPMCMokhoa oa tlhahiso o na le melemo ea ho nchafatsoa, ho sireletsa tikoloho le ho sebetsa hantle, e leng se tsamaellanang le mokhoa oa k'hemistri e tala le nts'etsopele e tsitsitseng. Ka tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ea baeloji, theknoloji ena e lebelletsoe ho nkela mekhoa ea lik'hemik'hale ea setso sebaka butle-butle le ho khothaletsa ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng ea HPMC masimong a kaho, lijo, meriana, jj.
Nako ea poso: Mmesa-11-2025