1.Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)bụ cellulose ether dị mkpa, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'iwu ụlọ, ọgwụ, nri, ihe ịchọ mma na ngalaba ndị ọzọ. HPMC nwere ezigbo ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri sie ike, na-emepụta ihe nkiri, na-eme ka ihe dị nro, na-egbochi mmiri, ya mere ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ. Mmepụta nke HPMC dabere na usoro mgbanwe kemịkalụ. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, site na mmepe nke teknụzụ bayotechnoloji, ụzọ mmepụta dabere na ịgbakọ nje bacteria amalitekwala ịdọta uche.
2. Ụkpụrụ mmepụta ịgba ụka nke HPMC
Usoro mmepụta HPMC ọdịnala na-eji cellulose eke eme ihe dị ka ihe eji emepụta ya, a na-ejikwa usoro kemịkalụ dịka alkalization, etherification na refining emepụta ya. Agbanyeghị, usoro a gụnyere nnukwu ihe mgbaze organic na ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị ndụ dị ndụ na ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị ndụ dị ndụ, nke nwere nnukwu mmetụta na gburugburu ebe obibi. Ya mere, iji nje bacteria eme ihe iji mepụta cellulose na ime ka ọ dị mmiri mmiri aghọọla ụzọ mmepụta dị mma maka gburugburu ebe obibi na nke na-adịgide adịgide.
Nchikota nke cellulose (BC) abụrụla okwu a na-anụ ọkụ n'obi n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. Nje bacteria dịka Komagataeibacter (dịka Komagataeibacter xylinus) na Gluconacetobacter nwere ike imepụta cellulose dị ọcha ozugbo site na ịgbakọ. Nje bacteria ndị a na-eji glucose, glycerol ma ọ bụ isi iyi carbon ndị ọzọ dị ka ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ya, na-agbakọ n'okpuru ọnọdụ kwesịrị ekwesị, ma na-ewepụta nanofibers cellulose. Enwere ike ịgbanwe cellulose nje bacteria nke na-esi na ya apụta ka ọ bụrụ HPMC mgbe emezigharịrị hydroxypropyl na methylation.
3. Usoro mmepụta
3.1 Usoro ịgbaze nke cellulose nje
Ime ka usoro ịgba mmiri dịkwuo mma dị oke mkpa iji melite mmepụta na ịdị mma nke cellulose nje bacteria. Isi ihe ndị a bụ ndị a:
Nnyocha na ịkọ ahịhịa: Họrọ ụdị mkpụrụ ndụ cellulose dị elu, dịka Komagataeibacter xylinus, maka ịzụ anụ na ime ka ọ dị mma.
Usoro ịgba ụka: Nye ebe a na-esi enweta carbon (glucose, sucrose, xylose), ebe a na-enweta nitrogen (yist extract, peptone), nnu inorganic (phosphates, magnesium salts, wdg) na ihe ndị na-achịkwa (acetic acid, citric acid) iji kwalite uto bacteria na mmepụta cellulose.
Njikwa ọnọdụ ịgba ụka: gụnyere okpomọkụ (28-30℃), pH (4.5-6.0), ọkwa oxygen agbazere agbaze (na-akpali akpali ma ọ bụ ọdịbendị kwụ ọtọ), wdg.
Nchịkọta na nhicha: Mgbe a gbasịrị ya, a na-anakọta cellulose nje site na nzacha, ịsa, ịkpọ nkụ na usoro ndị ọzọ, a na-ewepụkwa nje bacteria fọdụrụ na ihe ndị ọzọ na-adịghị mma.
3.2 Mgbanwe methylation nke cellulose nke Hydroxypropyl
A chọrọ ka e jiri kemịkalụ gbanwee cellulose nje bacteria e nwetara iji nye ya njirimara nke HPMC. Isi ihe ndị a bụ:
Ọgwụgwọ Alkalinization: tinye n'ime mmiri NaOH kwesịrị ekwesị iji gbasaa usoro cellulose ma melite ọrụ mmeghachi omume nke etherification na-esote.
Mmeghachi omume etherification: n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na catalytic kpọmkwem, tinye propylene oxide (hydroxypropylation) na methyl chloride (methylation) iji dochie otu cellulose hydroxyl iji mepụta HPMC.
Nkwụsị na imeziwanye: wepụ ihe ndị na-emepụta kemịkalụ na-adịghị arụ ọrụ site na iji acid mgbe mmeghachi omume gasịrị iji wepụ ihe ndị na-emepụta kemịkalụ na-adịghị arụ ọrụ, wee nweta ngwaahịa ikpeazụ site na ịsacha, nzacha na ihicha.
Ịkpọcha na nhazi: gwepịa HPMC n'ime ihe ndị na-emezu nkọwapụta, wee lelee ma tinye ha n'ime ngwugwu dịka ọkwa viscosity dị iche iche si dị.
4. Teknụzụ dị mkpa na atụmatụ imeziwanye
Mmezi nke nje: melite mmepụta na ịdị mma nke cellulose site na injinịa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke nje bacteria.
Nhazi usoro ịgbaze agbaze: jiri bioreactors maka njikwa ike iji melite arụmọrụ mmepụta cellulose.
Usoro etherification akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ: belata ojiji nke ihe mgbaze organic ma mepụta teknụzụ etherification ndị ọzọ na-adịghị ize ndụ gburugburu ebe obibi, dịka mgbanwe enzyme catalytic.
Njikwa mma ngwaahịa: site na inyocha ogo nnọchi, ike ịgbaze, viscosity na ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ nke HPMC, hụ na o mezuru ihe achọrọ maka ngwa ahụ.
Dabere na ịgbara mmiriHPMCUsoro mmepụta nwere uru dị na imeghari ohuru, ịdị mma gburugburu ebe obibi na ịdị irè, nke kwekọrọ na usoro kemịkalụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na mmepe na-adigide. Site na ọganihu nke teknụzụ bayoteknọlọji, a na-atụ anya na teknụzụ a ga-eji nwayọ dochie usoro kemịkalụ ọdịnala ma kwalite ojiji sara mbara nke HPMC n'ọhịa owuwu, nri, ọgwụ, wdg.
Oge ozi: Eprel-11-2025