Ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka hana ʻana o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

1.ʻO ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)He mea nui ka cellulose ether, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ke kūkulu ʻana, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ka meaʻai, nā mea hoʻonani a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa i ka HPMC nā waiwai mānoanoa maikaʻi, hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni, emulsifying, suspension a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, no laila he kuleana koʻikoʻi ia i nā ʻoihana he nui. ʻO ka hana ʻana o HPMC e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i nā kaʻina hana hoʻololi kemika. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka holomua o ka biotechnology, ua hoʻomaka pū nā ʻano hana e pili ana i ka fermentation microbial e huki i ka manaʻo.

2. Ke kumumanaʻo hana fermentation o HPMC

Hoʻohana ke kaʻina hana hana HPMC kuʻuna i ka cellulose kūlohelohe ma ke ʻano he mea maka a hana ʻia e nā ʻano kemika e like me ka alkalization, etherification a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, pili kēia kaʻina hana i ka nui o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik a me nā reagents kemika, kahi hopena nui i ke kaiapuni. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka fermentation microbial e synthesize i ka cellulose a hoʻonui i ka etherify ua lilo ia i ʻano hana hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaiapuni a me ka hoʻomau.

ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose (BC) i loko o nā makahiki i hala iho nei he kumuhana wela ia. Hiki i nā bacteria e like me Komagataeibacter (e like me Komagataeibacter xylinus) a me Gluconacetobacter ke hana pololei i ka cellulose maʻemaʻe ma o ka fermentation. Hoʻohana kēia mau bacteria i ka glucose, glycerol a i ʻole nā ​​kumu kalapona ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano he substrates, ferment ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono, a huna i nā nanofibers cellulose. Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka cellulose bacteria i hopena i HPMC ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hydroxypropyl a me ka methylation.

3. Kaʻina hana

3.1 Ke kaʻina hana fermentation o ka cellulose bacteria

He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kaʻina hana fermentation no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hua a me ka maikaʻi o ka cellulose bacteria. Eia nā hana nui:

Ka nānā ʻana a me ka mahi ʻana i nā ʻano hua: E koho i nā ʻano cellulose hua kiʻekiʻe, e like me Komagataeibacter xylinus, no ka hoʻomoe ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana.

Mea hoʻoulu: E hoʻolako i nā kumu kalapona (glucose, sucrose, xylose), nā kumu naikokene (mea hū, peptone), nā paʻakai inorganic (phosphates, paʻakai magnesium, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a me nā mea hoʻoponopono (acetic acid, citric acid) e hoʻolaha i ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria a me ka synthesis cellulose.

Ka mana o ke kūlana fermentation: me ka mahana (28-30 ℃), pH (4.5-6.0), ka pae oxygen i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia (ka hoʻoulu ʻana a i ʻole ka moʻomeheu static), a pēlā aku.

ʻOhi a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana: Ma hope o ka fermentation, hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka cellulose bacteria ma ke kānana ʻana, holoi ʻana, hoʻomaloʻo ʻana a me nā ʻanuʻu ʻē aʻe, a wehe ʻia nā koena bacteria a me nā haumia ʻē aʻe.

3.2 Hoʻololi ʻana o ka methylation hydroxypropyl o ka cellulose

Pono e hoʻololi ʻia ka cellulose bacteria i loaʻa me ke kemika e hāʻawi iā ia i nā ʻano o HPMC. Eia nā hana nui:

Lapaʻau alkalinization: e hoʻomohu i loko o kahi nui kūpono o ka hopena NaOH e hoʻonui i ke kaulahao cellulose a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana hopena o ka etherification ma hope.

ʻO ka hopena Etherification: ma lalo o ke ʻano wela a me nā kūlana catalytic, e hoʻohui i ka propylene oxide (hydroxypropylation) a me ka methyl chloride (methylation) e pani i ka hui cellulose hydroxyl e hana i ka HPMC.

Hoʻopau a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana: hoʻopau me ka waikawa ma hope o ka hopena e wehe i nā reagents kemika i hana ʻole ʻia, a loaʻa ka huahana hope loa ma ka holoi ʻana, kānana a me ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana.

Ka wāwahi ʻana a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana: ka wāwahi ʻana i ka HPMC i loko o nā ʻāpana e kūlike ana i nā kikoʻī, a laila kānana a hoʻopili iā lākou e like me nā pae mānoanoa like ʻole.

4. Nā ʻenehana koʻikoʻi a me nā hoʻolālā hoʻonui

Hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano: hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hua cellulose a me ka maikaʻi ma o ka ʻenekinia genetic o nā ʻano microbial.

Hoʻonui i ke kaʻina hana fermentation: e hoʻohana i nā bioreactors no ka kaohi ikaika e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono hana cellulose.

Ke kaʻina hana etherification ʻōmaʻomaʻo: e hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik a hoʻomohala i nā ʻenehana etherification ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaiapuni, e like me ka hoʻololi catalytic enzyme.

Ka mana o ka maikaʻi o ka huahana: ma ka nānā ʻana i ke kekelē pani, ka solubility, ka viscosity a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o HPMC, e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi noi.

ʻO ke kumu o ka fermentationHPMCLoaʻa i ke ʻano hana hana nā pono o ka hiki ke hoʻohou hou ʻia, pili i ke kaiapuni a me ka pono, kahi e kūlike me ke ʻano o ka kemika ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka hoʻomohala hoʻomau. Me ka holomua o ka biotechnology, manaʻo ʻia e pani mālie kēia ʻenehana i nā ʻano kemika kuʻuna a hoʻolaha i ka hoʻohana ākea o HPMC ma nā kahua o ke kūkulu ʻana, ka meaʻai, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a pēlā aku.