Imiterere y'ubutabire bwa HPMC

Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC)ni eteri ya cellulose idafite ionic, ikaba ari ikintu cyahinduwe mu buryo bw'imiti gikozwe n'uburyo cellulose karemano ikora hamwe na propylene oxide na methyl chloride nyuma yo kuzura. HPMC ifite ubushobozi bwo kugumana ibintu neza mu mubiri no mu mikorere ya shimi kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu miti, ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, ibiribwa, amavuta yo kwisiga n'ibindi bikorwa. Imiterere yayo ya shimi ni iyi ikurikira:

1. Ibiranga imiterere ya molekile

Agace k'ibanze ka HPMC gakomoka kuri cellulose karemano, ikorwa n'ibice bya glucose bihujwe n'imigozi ya β-1,4-glycosidic kugira ngo bikore uruhererekane rw'amakuru manini. Kwinjizwa kw'amatsinda ya hydroxypropyl na methoxy bisimbura igice cy'amatsinda ya hydroxyl (-OH) ku ruhererekane rw'amatsinda ya cellulose, bityo biyiha imiterere idasanzwe. Uru rwego rwo gusimbuza (ni ukuvuga urugero rwo gusimbuza amatsinda ya methoxy na hydroxypropyl) rufite ingaruka zikomeye ku gushonga, imiterere ya gel no ku guhagarara kwa HPMC.

2. Gushonga

HPMC ni polymer isanzwe ishongesha amazi idakoresha ioni ishobora kubyimba vuba mu mazi akonje igakora umuti wa colloidal ubonerana cyangwa ubonerana. Ariko, mu mazi ashyushye, HPMC ntiyoroshye gushonga kandi izakora gel ku bushyuhe bwinshi. Iyi miterere ya gel ishobora gushyuha ni imwe mu miterere y'ingenzi ya HPMC. Uretse amazi, HPMC ishobora no gushonga mu bintu bimwe na bimwe by'ingenzi bya organic solvents, nk'umuti uvanze wa ethanol n'amazi, dimethylformamide, nibindi.

3. Gutuza no guhindagurika k'ubushyuhe

HPMC ifite ubushyuhe buhamye cyane. Uko ubushyuhe bugenda bwiyongera, imiyoboro ya molekile ya HPMC mu gisubizo cy'amazi izahura n'ikibazo cyo kubura amazi kugira ngo ikore imiterere y'urusobe rw'amazi mu buryo butatu, kandi hazahinduka kuva kuri gel ujya kuri gel. Ubushyuhe bwo gukaraba ingano buterwa n'ingano n'uburemere bwa molekile z'ibintu bisimbura. Muri rusange, HPMC ifite hydroxypropyl nyinshi ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo gukaraba ingano, mu gihe HPMC ifite methyl methoxy nyinshi ifite ubushyuhe buke bwo gukaraba ingano.

Gelation irashobora guhindurwa, kandi gel izongera gushonga nyuma yo gukonja. Iyi thermogel yihariye ituma HPMC ikunze gukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho birekura ibintu mu buryo buhoraho mu nganda zikora imiti kandi igakoreshwa mu nganda zikora ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi kugira ngo inoze imikorere y'ubwubatsi bwa mortilage.

4. Guhagarara neza kwa pH

HPMC igumana ubusugire bwiza mu gipimo cya pH cya 3 ~ 11. Ubu busugire bwa pH bunini butuma ikoreshwa ahantu hatandukanye hatabayeho kwangirika cyangwa imvura. Iyo igipimo cya pH kiri munsi ya 3 cyangwa hejuru ya 11, umuti ushobora kwangirika cyangwa kugabanuka bitewe n'ubwinshi bwa iyoni za hydrogen cyangwa iyoni za hydroxide, bigatuma imikorere igabanuka.

5. Uburyo bwo gukora ibikorwa bya shimi

Bitewe n'uko hari amatsinda amwe ya hydroxyl adasimbuwe muri molekile ya HPMC, iracyafite imikorere runaka ya shimi kandi ishobora kugira ingaruka zikurikira:

Uburyo bwo gupima imiterere y’ibinyabutabire: Mu bihe bikwiye, HPMC ishobora gukorana na acyl chloride, anhydride, nibindi kugira ngo ikore esters;

Uburyo bwo gusimbuza amashanyarazi: Amatsinda ya hydroxyl asigaye ashobora gukomeza gukorana n'ibintu bitanga ubushyuhe (nk'ama-epoxide) kugira ngo arusheho guhindura urwego rwo gusimbuza n'imikorere ya HPMC;

Uburyo bwo gukaraba: Iyo hari ogisidasiyo zikomeye (nka permanganate ya potasiyumu, hypochlorite ya sodiyumu), uruhererekane rwa molekile rwa HPMC rushobora gucika, bigatuma ubushyuhe bugabanuka;

Uburyo bwo guhindura imiterere y’uturemangingo: Binyuze mu bikorwa bya aside ikomeye cyangwa base zikomeye, imiyoboro ya hydroxypropyl na methoxy ishobora guhindurwamo hydrolyze, bigatera impinduka mu miterere ya molekile no kwangirika k’imikorere.

Muri rusange, mu gihe gisanzwe cyo gukoresha, imiterere y'imiti ya HPMC irahamye.

6. Kubora kw'ibinyabuzima

HPMC ikomoka kuri selulose karemano, bityo ishobora kwangirika ikaba isukari ntoya mu bidukikije byihariye (nk'iyo ikoreshejwe na mikorobe), hanyuma igahinduka dioxyde de carbone na amazi. Uku kwangirika kwiza gutuma HPMC igera ku bisabwa mu bikoresho bitangiza ibidukikije.

7. Guhuza ibintu n'ibindi bintu

Nk’umuti utari uwo muri polymer, HPMC ikorana neza n’ibindi bikoresho bitandukanye bya ionic cyangwa bitari uwo muri polymer (nk’ibindi bikoresho bya polymer, surfactants, thickeners, nibindi). Cyane cyane muri sisitemu yo gukora, ishobora gukorana n’ibintu bitandukanye by’imiti, intungamubiri, amarangi, nibindi nta mvura cyangwa imiterere y’ibice.

Uburyo HPMC ihagaze neza mu kirere gifite electrolyte nyinshi buzahinduka, kandi umunyu mwinshi udakoreshwa mu bimera ushobora gutuma ubushyuhe bw'umuti bugabanuka cyangwa bugatera kwihuta.

8. Ubudahangarwa bwa enzyme

Ugereranije na selulose karemano,HPMCYongereye ubudahangarwa kuri cellulase bitewe no gusimbuza amwe mu matsinda ya hydroxyl, kandi ntabwo byoroshye kubora na enzymes zisanzwe. Iyi miterere iyiha inyungu yo gutinda kurekura imiti mu gifu.

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ni polymer isanzwe yahinduwe hakoreshejwe imiti, ifite ubushobozi bwo gushonga neza mu mazi, ubushyuhe, pH idahinduka, chemical idahinduka kandi ibora. Bitewe n'imiterere yayo yihariye n'imiterere yayo ya shimi, HPMC ikoreshwa cyane mu buvuzi, ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, irangi, ibiryo, amavuta yo kwisiga, nibindi, cyane cyane mu buryo busaba gukuba, kurekura ibintu mu buryo bugenzurwa, gukora firime, kuyihagarika, kuyivanga n'ibindi bikorwa.