Etha ya starch ndi etha ya cellulose ndi mitundu yonse ya zinthu zochokera ku etha zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, makamaka pakupanga ndi kuphimba. Ngakhale kuti ali ndi kufanana kwina pankhani ya kukhala ma polima osungunuka m'madzi okhala ndi mphamvu zokhuthala komanso zokhazikika, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pawo, makamaka pa gwero lawo ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
Ether Wowuma:
1. Chitsime:
- Chiyambi Chachilengedwe: Starch ether imachokera ku starch, yomwe ndi chakudya chomwe chimapezeka m'zomera. Starch nthawi zambiri imachokera ku mbewu monga chimanga, mbatata, kapena chinangwa.
2. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala:
- Kapangidwe ka Polima: Wowuma ndi polysaccharide wopangidwa ndi mayunitsi a shuga olumikizidwa ndi ma glycosidic bonds. Ma etha a wowuma ndi zinthu zosinthidwa kuchokera ku wowuma, pomwe magulu a hydroxyl pa molekyulu ya wowuma amalowetsedwa m'malo ndi magulu a etha.
3. Mapulogalamu:
- Makampani Omanga: Ma starch ether nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani omanga ngati zowonjezera muzinthu zopangidwa ndi gypsum, mortars, ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi simenti. Amathandizira kuti ntchito ikhale yogwira bwino, kusunga madzi, komanso kumamatira.
4. Mitundu Yofala:
- Hydroxyethyl Starch (HES): Mtundu umodzi wodziwika bwino wa starch ether ndi hydroxyethyl starch, komwe magulu a hydroxyethyl amayambitsidwa kuti asinthe kapangidwe ka starch.
Cellulose Ether:
1. Chitsime:
- Chiyambi Chachilengedwe: Cellulose ether imachokera ku cellulose, polima wachilengedwe womwe umapezeka m'makoma a maselo a zomera. Ndi gawo lalikulu la makoma a maselo a zomera ndipo imachokera ku zinthu monga matabwa kapena thonje.
2. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala:
- Kapangidwe ka Polima: Cellulose ndi polima yolunjika yokhala ndi mayunitsi a shuga olumikizidwa ndi ma bond a β-1,4-glycosidic. Ma ether a cellulose ndi zochokera ku cellulose, komwe magulu a hydroxyl pa molekyulu ya cellulose amasinthidwa ndi magulu a ether.
3. Mapulogalamu:
- Makampani Omanga: Ma ether a cellulose amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani omanga, mofanana ndi ma ether a starch. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zopangidwa ndi simenti, zomatira za matailosi, ndi mortars kuti awonjezere kusunga madzi, kugwira ntchito bwino, komanso kumamatira.
4. Mitundu Yofala:
- Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC): Mtundu umodzi wodziwika bwino wa cellulose ether ndi hydroxyethyl cellulose, komwe magulu a hydroxyethyl amalowetsedwa kuti asinthe kapangidwe ka cellulose.
- Methyl Cellulose (MC): Mtundu wina wodziwika bwino ndi methyl cellulose, komwe magulu a methyl amalowetsedwa.
Kusiyana Kwakukulu:
1. Chitsime:
- Starch ether imachokera ku starch, chakudya chomwe chimapezeka m'zomera.
- Cellulose ether imachokera ku cellulose, yomwe ndi gawo lalikulu la makoma a maselo a zomera.
2. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala:
- Polima yoyambira ya starch ether ndi starch, polysaccharide yopangidwa ndi mayunitsi a shuga.
- Polima yoyambira ya ether ya cellulose ndi cellulose, polima yolunjika yopangidwa ndi mayunitsi a shuga.
3. Mapulogalamu:
- Mitundu yonse iwiri ya ma ether imagwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani omanga, koma ntchito ndi mapangidwe ake enieni amatha kusiyana.
4. Mitundu Yofala:
- Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) ndi hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ndi zitsanzo za zinthu zotumphukira za ether izi.
pomwe starch ether ndi cellulose ether zonse ndi ma polima osungunuka m'madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zowonjezera m'magwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana, gwero lawo, polima woyambira, ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala enaake zimasiyana. Kusiyana kumeneku kungakhudze magwiridwe antchito awo m'mapangidwe ndi ntchito zinazake.
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-06-2024