Starch ether thiab cellulose ether yog ob hom ether derivatives siv rau hauv ntau yam lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev tsim kho thiab kev pleev xim. Txawm hais tias lawv muaj qee qhov zoo sib xws hauv kev ua cov polymers yaj hauv dej nrog cov khoom tuab thiab ruaj khov, muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lawv, feem ntau hauv lawv qhov chaw thiab cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg.
Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ether:
1. Qhov chaw:
- Keeb Kwm Ntuj: Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog los ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, uas yog cov carbohydrate pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab feem ntau yog rho tawm los ntawm cov qoob loo xws li pob kws, qos yaj ywm, lossis cassava.
2. Cov Qauv Tshuaj:
- Cov Khoom Siv Polymer: Starch yog ib qho polysaccharide uas muaj cov glucose units txuas nrog los ntawm glycosidic bonds. Starch ethers yog cov khoom hloov kho ntawm starch, qhov twg cov hydroxyl pawg ntawm cov starch molecule raug hloov nrog cov ether pawg.
3. Cov ntawv thov:
- Kev Lag Luam Tsim Kho: Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab feem ntau siv rau hauv kev lag luam tsim kho ua cov khoom ntxiv rau hauv cov khoom siv gypsum, cov mortars, thiab cov ntaub ntawv cement. Lawv pab txhawb kev ua haujlwm tau zoo dua, kev khaws dej, thiab kev nplaum.
4. Cov Hom Phiaj Feem Ntau:
- Hydroxyethyl Starch (HES): Ib hom hmoov txhuv ether uas siv ntau yog hydroxyethyl starch, qhov twg cov pab pawg hydroxyethyl raug qhia los hloov cov qauv hmoov txhuv.
Cellulose Ether:
1. Qhov chaw:
- Keeb Kwm Ntuj: Cellulose ether yog muab los ntawm cellulose, ib qho polymer ntuj uas pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov phab ntsa cell ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov phab ntsa cell ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab yog rho tawm los ntawm cov chaw xws li ntoo pulp lossis paj rwb.
2. Cov Qauv Tshuaj:
- Cov Khoom Siv Polymer: Cellulose yog cov polymer linear uas muaj cov glucose units txuas nrog β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Cellulose ethers yog cov derivatives ntawm cellulose, qhov twg hydroxyl pawg ntawm lub molecule cellulose raug hloov kho nrog ether pawg.
3. Cov ntawv thov:
- Kev Lag Luam Tsim Kho: Cellulose ethers pom muaj kev siv dav hauv kev lag luam tsim kho, zoo ib yam li cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ethers. Lawv siv rau hauv cov khoom siv cement, cov nplaum rau pobzeb, thiab cov mortars los txhim kho kev khaws dej, kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab kev nplaum.
4. Cov Hom Phiaj Feem Ntau:
- Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC): Ib hom cellulose ether uas siv ntau yog hydroxyethyl cellulose, qhov twg cov pab pawg hydroxyethyl raug qhia los hloov kho cov qauv cellulose.
- Methyl Cellulose (MC): Lwm hom uas siv ntau yog methyl cellulose, qhov twg cov pab pawg methyl raug qhia.
Qhov Txawv Tseem Ceeb:
1. Qhov chaw:
- Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ether yog muab los ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, ib qho carbohydrate pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag.
- Cellulose ether yog muab los ntawm cellulose, ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov phab ntsa cell ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
2. Cov Qauv Tshuaj:
- Lub hauv paus polymer rau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ether yog hmoov txhuv nplej siab, ib qho polysaccharide ua los ntawm cov glucose units.
- Lub hauv paus polymer rau cellulose ether yog cellulose, ib qho linear polymer tsim los ntawm cov glucose units.
3. Cov ntawv thov:
- Ob hom ethers siv rau hauv kev lag luam kev tsim kho, tab sis cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb thiab cov qauv yuav txawv.
4. Cov Hom Phiaj Feem Ntau:
- Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) thiab hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) yog cov piv txwv ntawm cov ether derivatives no.
thaum cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ether thiab cellulose ether yog ob qho tib si polymers uas yaj hauv dej siv ua cov khoom ntxiv rau ntau yam kev siv, lawv qhov chaw, cov polymer hauv paus, thiab cov qauv tshuaj tshwj xeeb sib txawv. Cov kev sib txawv no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lawv cov kev ua tau zoo hauv cov qauv thiab cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Ib Hlis-06-2024