Gypsum nke na-ewepụ ihe mkpofu sitere na ọkụ nke mmanụ ọkụ nwere sọlfọ (kọl, mmanụ ala), ihe mkpofu siri ike nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe mepụtara n'oge usoro nhicha nke sọlfọ, na gypsum hemihydrate (usoro kemịkalụ CaSO4· 0.5H2O), arụmọrụ ya yiri nke gypsum nke ebumpụta ụwa. Ya mere, enwere ọtụtụ nnyocha na ojiji nke iji gypsum nke na-ewepụ ihe kama gypsum eke iji mepụta ihe ndị na-ebelata onwe ha. Ngwakọta polymer organic dị ka ihe na-ebelata mmiri, ihe na-ejide mmiri na ihe na-egbochi mmiri bụ ihe dị mkpa na nhazi nke ihe ndị na-ebelata onwe ha. Mmekọrịta na usoro nke abụọ na ihe ndị simenti bụ ihe kwesịrị nlebara anya otu. N'ihi njirimara nke usoro nhazi, ịdị mma nke gypsum nke na-ewepụ ihe dị obere (a na-ekesakarị nha ihe dị n'etiti 40 na 60 μm), nhazi ntụ ntụ adịghịkwa mma, yabụ ihe onwunwe nke rheological nke gypsum nke na-ewepụ ihe adịghị mma, ihe na-eme ka ọ dị mfe karị. Nkewa, nhazi na ọbara ọgbụgba na-eme. Cellulose ether bụ ngwakọta a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ime ngwa agha, ojiji ya na ihe na-ebelata mmiri bụ nkwa dị mkpa iji mezuo arụmọrụ zuru oke nke ihe ndị na-eme ka gypsum dị ọcha dịka arụmọrụ owuwu na arụmọrụ igwe na ogologo oge.
N'akwụkwọ a, a na-eji uru mmiri dị ka ihe njikwa (ogo mgbasa 145 mm±5 mm), na-elekwasị anya na mmetụta nke ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether na ibu molekul (uru viscosity) na oriri mmiri nke ihe ndị na-eme ka gypsum dị ọcha, mfu nke mmiri ka oge na-aga, na coagulation Iwu nke mmetụta nke ihe ndị bụ isi dị ka oge na ihe ndị dị n'ime igwe; n'otu oge ahụ, nwalee iwu nke mmetụta nke cellulose ether na mwepụta okpomọkụ na ọnụego mwepụta okpomọkụ nke mmiri gypsum desulfurized, nyochaa mmetụta ya na usoro mmiri nke gypsum desulfurized, ma buru ụzọ tụlee ụdị ngwakọta a. Ndakọrịta na sistemụ gelling gypsum desulfurization.
1. Ihe ndị e ji arụ ọrụ na ụzọ nnwale
1.1 Ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe
Ntụ Gypsum: ntụ gypsum a gbazere agbaze nke ụlọ ọrụ dị na Tangshan mepụtara, ihe mejupụtara mineral bụ hemihydrate gypsum, ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ ya dị na Tebụl 1, ihe ndị mejupụtara anụ ahụ ya dị na Tebụl 2.
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Ngwakọta ndị a gụnyere: cellulose ether (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, HPMC maka mkpụmkpụ); superplasticizer WR; defoamer B-1; EVA redispersible latex powder S-05, ha niile dị maka azụmahịa.
Nchịkọta: ájá osimiri eke, ájá dị mma nke ejiri aka ya mee, nke a ga-esi na sieve nke 0.6 mm sie.
1.2 Usoro nnwale
Gypsum desulfurization edoziri: ájá: mmiri = 1:0.5:0.45, ọnụọgụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke ngwakọta ndị ọzọ, mmiri dị ka ntụaka njikwa (mgbasawanye 145 mm ± 5 mm), site na ịhazi oriri mmiri, gwakọta ya na ihe simenti (gypsum desulfurization + simenti) 0, 0.5‰, 1.0‰, 2.0‰, 3.0‰ cellulose ether (HPMC-20,000); Dezie usoro onunu nke cellulose ether ka ọ bụrụ 1‰, họrọ HPMC-20,000, HPMC-40,000, HPMC-75,000, na HPMC-100,000 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ethers nwere oke molekul dị iche iche (ọnụọgụ ndị kwekọrọ na ya bụ H2, H4, H7.5, na H10 n'otu n'otu), iji mụọ usoro onunu na oke molekul (uru viscosity) nke cellulose ether. A na-atụle mmetụta nke mgbanwe na njirimara nke gypsum-based self-leveling mortgage, na mmetụta nke abụọ na mmiri mmiri, oge ntọala na njirimara igwe mbụ nke ngwakọta gypsum-based self-leveling mortgage. A na-eme usoro nnwale a kapịrị ọnụ dịka ihe GB/T 17669.3-1999 "Nchọpụta Njirimara Mechanical nke Iwuli Gypsum".
A na-eji ihe nlele efu nke gypsum desulfurized na ihe nlele nwere ọdịnaya cellulose ether nke 0.5 na 3 mee nnwale okpomọkụ nke mmiri mmiri, n'otu n'otu, ngwaọrụ ejiri mee ihe bụ ụdị ihe nnwale mmiri mmiri nke TA-AIR.
2. Nsonaazụ na nyocha
2.1 Mmetụta nke ọdịnaya cellulose ether na ihe ndị bụ isi nke ngwa agha
Ka ihe dị n'ime ya na-abawanye, a na-eme ka ọrụ na njikọ nke ihe mkpuchi ahụ dịkwuo mma nke ukwuu, mfu nke mmiri mmiri ka oge na-aga na-ebelata nke ukwuu, arụmọrụ owuwu ya dịkwa mma nke ukwuu, ihe mkpuchi ahụ siri ike enweghịkwa ihe na-emebi emebi, ịdị nro nke elu, ịdị ire ụtọ na ihe ịchọ mma emeela ka ọ dịkwuo mma nke ukwuu. N'otu oge ahụ, mmiri nke ihe mkpuchi ahụ iji nweta otu mmiri mmiri ahụ mụbara nke ukwuu. Na 5‰, mmiri riri mụbara site na 102%, oge ntọala ikpeazụ agbatịkwara site na nkeji 100, nke bụ ugboro 2.5 nke ihe nlele efu. Njirimara igwe mbụ nke ihe mkpuchi ahụ belatara nke ukwuu ka ọdịnaya nke ihe mkpuchi cellulose dị elu. Mgbe ọdịnaya nke ihe mkpuchi cellulose dị 5‰, ike flexural na ike nrụgide awa 24 belatara ruo 18.75% na 11.29% nke ihe nlele efu n'otu n'otu. Ike nrụgide bụ 39.47% na 23.45% nke ihe nlele efu n'otu n'otu. Ọ dị mkpa ịmara na ka ọnụọgụ ihe na-ejide mmiri na-abawanye, njupụta nke ngwa agha ahụ belatara nke ukwuu, site na 2069 kg/m3 na 0 ruo 1747 kg/m3 na 5‰, mbelata nke 15.56%. Njupụta nke ngwa agha ahụ na-ebelata ma porosity na-abawanye, nke bụ otu n'ime ihe kpatara mbelata doro anya na njirimara igwe nke ngwa agha ahụ.
Cellulose ether bụ polima na-abụghị ionic. Otu hydroxyl dị na yinye ether cellulose cellulose na atọm oxygen dị na njikọ ether nwere ike ijikọ ya na molekul mmiri iji mepụta njikọ hydrogen, na-agbanwe mmiri efu ka ọ bụrụ mmiri ejikọtara, si otú a na-arụ ọrụ na idobe mmiri. N'ụzọ dị mfe, a na-egosipụta ya dị ka mmụba nke njikọta nke slurry [5]. Mmụba nke viscosity slurry agaghị eme ka oriri mmiri dịkwuo elu, kamakwa a ga-etinye cellulose ether agbazere n'elu ihe ndị dị na gypsum, na-egbochi mmeghachi omume mmiri ma na-agbatị oge ntọala; n'oge usoro mkpali ahụ, a ga-ewebata ọtụtụ afụfụ ikuku. Oghere ga-etolite ka moto ahụ na-esi ike, na-emesịa belata ike nke moto ahụ. N'ịtụle nke ọma na oriri mmiri nke ngwakọta moto n'otu akụkụ, arụmọrụ owuwu, oge ịtọ na njirimara igwe, na ogologo oge emechara, wdg, ọdịnaya nke cellulose ether na moto nhazi onwe onye dabere na gypsum nke a na-akpọ desulfurized ekwesịghị ịgafe 1‰.
2.2 Mmetụta nke ịdị arọ nke cellulose ether na arụmọrụ nke ngwa agha
Ọtụtụ mgbe, ka viscosity dị elu na ịdị mma nke cellulose ether ka mma, otú ahụ ka njigide mmiri ka mma ma mee ka ike njikọ dịkwuo elu. arụmọrụ ga-enwe mmetụta ọjọọ. Ya mere, a nwalekwuru mmetụta nke cellulose ethers nke dị iche iche na ihe ndị bụ isi nke ihe ndị na-eme ka gypsum nwee ọkwa onwe. Mmasị mmiri nke mortar mụbara ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, mana enweghị mmetụta doro anya na oge ntọala na mmiri mmiri. N'otu oge ahụ, ike flexural na compressive nke mortar na steeti dị iche iche gosiri mgbanwe, mana mbelata ahụ dị obere karịa mmetụta nke ọdịnaya cellulose ether na ihe ndị dị na igwe. Na nchịkọta, mmụba na ibu molekul nke cellulose ether enweghị mmetụta doro anya na arụmọrụ nke ngwakọta mortar. N'ịtụle ịdị mfe nke owuwu, a ga-ahọrọ obere viscosity na obere molekul-ibu cellulose ether dị ka ihe ndị na-eme ka gypsum ghara ịdị larịị.
2.3 Mmetụta nke cellulose ether na okpomọkụ nke mmiri mmiri nke gypsum desulfurized
Ka ihe dị n'ime cellulose ether na-abawanye, oke mmiri nke gypsum desulfurized belatara nwayọ nwayọ, oge nke ọnọdụ kachasị elu belatara ntakịrị, ebe okpomọkụ nke mmiri nke exothermic belatara, mana ọ bụghị nke doro anya. Nke a na-egosi na cellulose ether nwere ike igbu oge ọnụego mmiri na ogo mmiri nke gypsum desulfurized ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, yabụ dose ekwesịghị ịdị oke ibu, a ga-achịkwa ya n'ime 1‰. A pụrụ ịhụ na ihe nkiri colloidal nke e guzobere mgbe cellulose ether zutere mmiri na-abanye n'elu ihe ndị dị na gypsum desulfurized, nke na-ebelata ọnụego mmiri nke gypsum tupu awa 2. N'otu oge ahụ, njide mmiri pụrụ iche ya na mmetụta ya nke ịdị arọ na-egbu oge ịfụ mmiri nke mmiri slurry na Mbugharị bara uru maka mmịpụta ọzọ nke gypsum desulfurized n'oge ikpeazụ. Iji chịkọta, mgbe a na-achịkwa usoro kwesịrị ekwesị, cellulose ether nwere obere mmetụta na ọnụego mmiri na ogo mmiri nke gypsum desulfurized n'onwe ya. N'otu oge ahụ, mmụba nke ọdịnaya cellulose ether na ibu molekul ga-eme ka slurry dịkwuo mma ma gosipụta arụmọrụ nchekwa mmiri dị mma. Iji hụ na mmiri nke gypsum nke a na-akpọ desulfurized onwe ya na-agbaze, oriri mmiri ga-abawanye nke ukwuu, nke bụ n'ihi ogologo oge ntọala nke mortar ahụ. Isi ihe kpatara mbelata na njirimara igwe.
3. Mmechi
(1) Mgbe ejiri mmiri dị ka ihe njikwa, ka ọdịnaya cellulose ether na-abawanye, oge ntọala nke moto desulfurized gypsum nke nwere onwe ya na-agbatị ogologo oge, a na-ebelatakwa ihe onwunwe mechanical; ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe dị na ya, ịdị arọ molekul nke cellulose ether. Mmụba ahụ enweghị mmetụta dị ukwuu na ihe onwunwe ndị dị n'elu nke moto. N'ịtụle nke ọma, a ga-ahọrọ cellulose ether na obere ibu molekul (uru viscosity dị ala karịa 20,000 Pa·s), a ga-achịkwakwa dose ahụ n'ime 1‰ nke ihe simenti.
(2) Nsonaazụ nnwale nke okpomọkụ mmiri nke gypsum desulfurized na-egosi na n'ime oke ule a, cellulose ether nwere obere mmetụta na ọnụego mmiri mmiri na usoro mmiri mmiri nke gypsum desulfurized. Mmụba na oriri mmiri na mbelata na njupụta buru ibu bụ isi ihe kpatara mbelata na njirimara igwe nke gypsum desulfurized.
Oge ozi: Mee-08-2023