Yiziphi izidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa zodaka lokwakha ngamatshe?

Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswa ku-masonry mortar zidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukusebenza, ikhwalithi, kanye nokuqina komkhiqizo oqediwe. Izidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa ku-masonry mortar ngokuvamile zifaka okulandelayo:

1. Izinto Zokwakha Ubumba:
   • Usimende wasePortland: Usimende ojwayelekile wasePortland (OPC) noma usimende ohlanganisiwe njenge-Portland cement enomlotha noma i-slag zivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-ejenti eyinhloko yokubopha ku-masonry mortar. Usimende kufanele uhambisane nezindinganiso ezifanele ze-ASTM noma ze-EN futhi ube nobuncane obufanele, isikhathi sokusetha, kanye nezakhiwo zamandla okucindezela.
   • I-Lime: I-lime emanzi noma i-lime putty ingafakwa ekwakhiweni kwe-masonry mortar ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle, i-plasticity, kanye nokuqina. I-lime ithuthukisa isibopho phakathi kwe-mortar kanye ne-masonry units futhi isiza ekunciphiseni imiphumela yokuncipha nokuqhekeka.
2. Okuhlanganisiwe:
   • Isihlabathi: Isihlabathi esihlanzekile, esilinganiswe kahle, nesinobukhulu obufanele sibalulekile ekufinyeleleni amandla afunekayo, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokubukeka kodaka oludakiwe. Isihlabathi kufanele singabi nokungcola okungokwemvelo, ubumba, udaka, kanye nezinhlawulo eziningi. Izihlabathi zemvelo noma ezenziwe ngefenisha ezihlangabezana nezimiso ze-ASTM noma ze-EN zivame ukusetshenziswa.
   • Ukuhlelwa kwezigaba ezihlanganisiwe: Ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiya zama-aggregate kufanele kulawulwe ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukupakisha okwanele kwezinhlayiya nokunciphisa izikhala kumatrix ka-mortar. Ama-aggregate ahlelwe kahle anegalelo ekuthuthukisweni kokusebenza, amandla, kanye nokuqina kwe-mortar ka-masonry.
3. Amanzi:
   • Amanzi ahlanzekile, aphuzwayo angenazo izinto ezingcolisayo, usawoti, kanye ne-alkalinity eningi ayadingeka ekuxubeni udaka lokwakha ngamatshe. Isilinganiso samanzi nosimende kufanele silawulwe ngokucophelela ukuze kufezwe ukuqina okufiselekayo, ukusebenza kahle, kanye namandla odaka. Ukuqukethwe kwamanzi ngokweqile kungaholela ekuncipheni kwamandla, ekuncipheni okukhulu, nasekuqineni okungekuhle.
4. Izithasiselo kanye nezingxube:
   • Ama-plasticizer: Izingxube zamakhemikhali ezifana nama-plasticizer anciphisa amanzi zingafakwa ekwakhiweni kwe-masonry mortar ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle, kuncishiswe isidingo samanzi, futhi kuthuthukiswe ukugeleza kanye nokuvumelana kwe-mortar.
   • Izinto ezifaka umoya: Izinto ezifaka umoya zivame ukusetshenziswa ku-masonry mortar ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuncibilika kweqhwa, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokuqina ngokufaka amabhamuza omoya amancane ku-matrix ye-mortar.
   • Izithasiselo kanye nezisheshisi: Izithasiselo ezithasiselo noma ezisheshisayo zingafakwa ekwakhiweni kwe-masonry mortar ukulawula isikhathi sokusetha nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokushisa kanye nomswakama.
5. Ezinye Izinto Zokusebenza:
   • Izinto ze-Pozzolanic: Izinto ezengeziwe zokuqinisa ubumba ezifana nomlotha wempukane, i-slag, noma i-silica fume zingase zengezwe ku-masonry mortar ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla, ukuqina, kanye nokumelana nokuhlasela kwe-sulfate kanye nokusabela kwe-alkali-silica (ASR).
   • Imicu: Imicu yokwenziwa noma yemvelo ingafakwa ekwakhiweni kwe-masonry mortar ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokuqhekeka, ukumelana nokushayisana, kanye namandla okunamathela.

Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswa ku-masonry mortar kufanele zihlangabezane nezindinganiso ezithile zekhwalithi, imininingwane, kanye nezindinganiso zokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle, ukuqina, kanye nokuhambisana namayunithi okwakha kanye nemikhuba yokwakha. Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuvumelana nokuthembeka ekukhiqizweni kodaka lokwakha.