Cov khoom siv raw ntawm masonry mortar yog dab tsi?

Cov khoom siv raw siv rau hauv cov masonry mortar ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo, zoo, thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom tiav. Cov kev cai rau cov khoom siv raw ntawm masonry mortar feem ntau suav nrog cov hauv qab no:

1. Cov Khoom Siv Cementitious:
   • Cov cement Portland: Cov cement Portland ib txwm muaj (OPC) lossis cov cement sib xyaw xws li cov cement Portland nrog cov tshauv ya lossis slag feem ntau yog siv ua tus neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb hauv cov mortar masonry. Cov cement yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv ASTM lossis EN thiab muaj qhov zoo, lub sijhawm teeb tsa, thiab cov khoom siv compressive.
   • Txiv qaub ntsuab: Cov kua qaub ntsuab hydrated los yog cov kua qaub ntsuab putty yuav raug ntxiv rau hauv cov qauv masonry mortar kom txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, kev hloov pauv, thiab kev ruaj khov. Txiv qaub ntsuab txhim kho kev sib txuas ntawm cov mortar thiab masonry units thiab pab txo cov teebmeem ntawm kev ntsws thiab tawg.
2. Cov khoom sib sau ua ke:
   • Xuab Zeb: Xuab zeb huv si, muaj qib zoo, thiab loj txaus yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav lub zog, kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab qhov zoo li cov pob zeb masonry. Cov xuab zeb yuav tsum tsis muaj cov organic impurities, av nplaum, av xuab zeb, thiab cov nplua ntau dhau. Cov xuab zeb ntuj lossis cov xuab zeb tsim ua tau raws li ASTM lossis EN cov lus qhia feem ntau siv.
   • Kev faib ua pawg: Yuav tsum tswj kom zoo kom qhov loj ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke tau ntim txaus thiab txo qhov khoob hauv cov pob zeb sib xyaw. Cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke uas tau muab faib ua pawg zoo yuav pab ua kom yooj yim ua haujlwm, muaj zog, thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke.
3. Dej:
   • Yuav tsum muaj dej huv, haus tau uas tsis muaj cov kuab paug, ntsev, thiab alkalinity ntau dhau rau kev sib tov cov pob zeb masonry. Yuav tsum tswj qhov sib piv ntawm dej thiab cement kom ua tiav qhov sib xws, ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb. Cov dej ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog txo qis, ua rau lub cev qhuav zuj zus, thiab tsis ruaj khov.
4. Cov Khoom Siv thiab Cov Khoom Sib Xyaws:
   • Cov Tshuaj Yas: Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke xws li cov tshuaj yas txo dej yuav raug ntxiv rau hauv cov qauv masonry mortar kom txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, txo qhov xav tau dej, thiab txhim kho kev ntws thiab kev sib xws ntawm cov mortar.
   • Cov neeg sawv cev rau cua nkag: Cov tshuaj admixtures rau cua nkag feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov masonry mortar los txhim kho kev tiv thaiv khov-thaw, kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab kev ruaj khov los ntawm kev nkag cov npuas cua me me hauv cov matrix mortar.
   • Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov tshuaj ua kom nrawm dua: Cov tshuaj admixtures uas tiv thaiv lossis ua kom nrawm dua yuav raug muab tso rau hauv cov qauv masonry mortar kom tswj tau lub sijhawm teeb tsa thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm hauv qab qhov kub thiab txias thiab av noo tshwj xeeb.
5. Lwm Cov Khoom Siv:
   • Cov ntaub ntawv Pozzolanic: Cov ntaub ntawv cementitious ntxiv xws li fly ash, slag, lossis silica fume yuav raug ntxiv rau hauv masonry mortar kom txhim kho lub zog, kev ruaj khov, thiab kev tiv taus sulfate tawm tsam thiab alkali-silica reaction (ASR).
   • Cov Fibers: Cov fibers hluavtaws lossis cov fibers ntuj yuav suav nrog rau hauv cov qauv masonry mortar kom txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab nrib pleb, kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, thiab lub zog tensile.

Cov khoom siv raw siv rau hauv masonry mortar yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov qauv zoo, cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb, thiab cov qauv kev ua tau zoo kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, ruaj khov, thiab sib xws nrog cov chav masonry thiab cov kev coj ua hauv kev tsim kho. Kev tswj xyuas zoo thiab kev sim cov khoom siv raw yog qhov tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib xws thiab kev ntseeg tau hauv kev tsim cov masonry mortar.