I-desulfurization gypsum iyi-gypsum yomkhiqizo wezimboni etholakala ngokuhlanza nokuhlanza igesi yomoya ekhiqizwa ngemva kokushiswa kukaphethiloli oqukethe isibabule ngokusebenzisa i-lime noma i-limestone powder slurry. Ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali kufana nokwe-gypsum yemvelo ye-dihydrate, ikakhulukazi i-CaSO4·2H2O. Njengamanje, indlela yokukhiqiza ugesi yezwe lami isabuswa ukukhiqizwa kukagesi osebenzisa amalahle, kanti i-SO2 ekhishwa ngamalahle enkambisweni yokukhiqizwa kukagesi oshisayo ibangela okungaphezu kuka-50% kokukhishwa kukagesi minyaka yonke ezweni lami. Inani elikhulu lokukhishwa kwe-sulfur dioxide kubangele ukungcoliswa okukhulu kwemvelo. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhipha i-flue gas ukukhiqiza i-gypsum engasebenzi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuxazulula intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe yezimboni ezihlobene nokukhishwa kwamalahle. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele, ukukhishwa kwe-gypsum emanzi engasebenzi esetshenziswa ezweni lami kudlule ama-t/a ayizigidi ezingu-90, futhi indlela yokucubungula i-gypsum engasebenzi esetshenziswa isetshenziswa kakhulu, engagcini nje ngokuthatha umhlaba, kodwa futhi ibangela ukuchitha okukhulu kwezinsizakusebenza.
I-Gypsum inemisebenzi yokunciphisa umsindo, ukunciphisa umsindo, ukuvimbela umlilo, ukuvimbela ukushisa, njll. Ingasetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni usimende, ekukhiqizeni i-gypsum yokwakha, ubunjiniyela bokuhlobisa kanye neminye imikhakha. Njengamanje, izazi eziningi zenze ucwaningo nge-plaster yokuplasta. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izinto zokuplasta ze-plaster zinokunwebeka okuncane, ukusebenza kahle kanye ne-plasticity, futhi zingathatha indawo yezinto zokuplasta zendabuko zokuhlobisa udonga lwangaphakathi. Izifundo zikaXu Jianjun nabanye zibonise ukuthi i-gypsum ekhishwe i-sulfur ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izinto zodonga ezilula. Izifundo zikaYe Beihong nabanye zibonise ukuthi i-plaster gypsum ekhiqizwa yi-plaster ekhishwe i-sulfur ingasetshenziswa ungqimba lokuplasta ohlangothini lwangaphakathi lodonga lwangaphandle, udonga lwangaphakathi kanye nophahla, futhi ingaxazulula izinkinga ezijwayelekile zekhwalithi njengokuqhekeka nokuqhekeka kodaka lokuplasta lwendabuko. I-plaster gypsum elula uhlobo olusha lwezinto zokuplasta ezinobungani nemvelo. Yenziwe nge-hemihydrate gypsum njengezinto eziyinhloko zokusimende ngokungeza ama-aggregates alula kanye nezingxube. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto zokuplasta zendabuko zesimende, akulula ukuqhekeka, ukunamathela Ukubopha okuhle, ukuncishiswa okuhle, ukuvikelwa okuluhlaza kanye nemvelo. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-gypsum ekhishwe i-sulfur ukukhiqiza i-gypsum ye-hemihydrate akuxazululi nje kuphela inkinga yokuntuleka kwezinsiza zokwakha zemvelo ze-gypsum, kodwa futhi kuqaphela ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ze-gypsum ekhishwe i-sulfur futhi kufeza injongo yokuvikela imvelo. Ngakho-ke, ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni lwe-gypsum ekhishwe i-sulfur, leli phepha lihlola isikhathi sokubeka, amandla okuguquguquka kanye namandla okucindezela, ukuze kufundwe izici ezithinta ukusebenza kwe-plastering light-weight desulfurization gypsum mortar, futhi kuhlinzekwe ngesisekelo semfundiso yokuthuthukiswa kwe-plastering light-weight desulfurization gypsum mortar.
Ukuhlolwa okungu-1
1.1 Izinto zokusetshenziswa
Impuphu ye-gypsum ye-desulfurization: I-gypsum ye-hemihydrate ekhiqizwa futhi i-calcined ngobuchwepheshe be-flue gas desulfurization, izakhiwo zayo eziyisisekelo ziboniswe kuThebula 1. I-aggregate elula: kusetshenziswa ama-microbeads e-vitrified, kanti izakhiwo zayo eziyisisekelo ziboniswe kuThebula 2. Ama-microbeads e-vitrified axutshwe ngezilinganiso ezingu-4%, 8%, 12%, kanye no-16% ngokusekelwe kusilinganiso sobuningi be-plastered light plastered desulfurized gypsum mortar.
I-Retarder: Sebenzisa i-sodium citrate, ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali njenge-reagent emsulwa, i-sodium citrate isekelwe esilinganisweni sesisindo se-plastering elula desulfurization gypsum mortar, kanti isilinganiso sokuxuba singu-0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%.
I-cellulose ether: sebenzisa i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), i-viscosity ingu-400, i-HPMC isekelwe esilinganisweni sesisindo se-plastered gypsum mortar ekhanyayo, kanti isilinganiso sokuxuba singu-0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%.
1.2 Indlela yokuhlola
Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kanye nesikhathi sokusetha sokuvumelana okujwayelekile kwe-gypsum ekhishwe isibabule kubhekisela ku-GB/T17669.4-1999 “Ukunqunywa Kwezakhiwo Ezibonakalayo Ze-Plaster Ye-Gypsum Yesakhiwo”, kanye nesikhathi sokusetha ukuplasta okulula kwe-gypsum mortar ekhishwe isibabule kubhekisela ku-GB/T 28627-2012 “I-Plastering Gypsum” iyenziwa.
Amandla okugobeka nokucindezela e-gypsum ekhishwe i-sulfur ayenziwa ngokuya nge-GB/T9776-2008 “Building Gypsum”, kanti amasampula anosayizi ongu-40mm×40mm×160mm ayabunjwa, futhi amandla ama-2h kanye namandla okomile kulinganiswa ngokulandelana. Amandla okugobeka nokucindezela e-gypsum mortar ekhishwe i-sulfur efakwe i-plastered elula ayenziwa ngokuya nge-GB/T 28627-2012 “Plastering Gypsum”, futhi amandla okulungisa ngokwemvelo kwe-1d kanye ne-28d alinganiswa ngokulandelana.
2 Imiphumela nengxoxo
2.1 Umphumela wokuqukethwe kwempuphu ye-gypsum ezimpahleni zomshini we-plastering elula ye-desulfurization gypsum
Inani eliphelele lempuphu ye-gypsum, i-limestone powder kanye ne-aggregate elula ingu-100%, kanti inani le-aggregate yokukhanya okugxilile kanye nokuxubana kuhlala kungashintshi. Uma inani lempuphu ye-gypsum lingu-60%, 70%, 80%, kanye no-90%, i-desulfurization Imiphumela yamandla okuguquguquka nokucindezela kwe-gypsum mortar.
Amandla okugoba kanye namandla okucindezela e-plastered gypsum mortar e-desulfurized light plastered kokubili kuyanda ngokuguga, okubonisa ukuthi izinga lokumanzisa kwe-gypsum liyanele ngokuguga. Ngokwanda kwe-desulfurized gypsum powder, amandla okugoba kanye namandla okucindezela e-lightweight plastering gypsum abonise ukuthambekela okuphezulu jikelele, kodwa ukwanda kwakuncane, futhi amandla okucindezela ezinsukwini ezingu-28 ayesobala kakhulu. Ebusheni boku-1, amandla okugoba e-gypsum powder exutshwe no-90% akhuphuke ngo-10.3% uma kuqhathaniswa nalawo e-60% gypsum powder, kanye namandla okucindezela ahambisanayo akhuphuke ngo-10.1%. Ebusheni boku-28, amandla okugoba e-gypsum powder exutshwe no-90% akhuphuke ngo-8.8% uma kuqhathaniswa nalawo e-gypsum powder exutshwe no-60%, kanye namandla okucindezela ahambisanayo akhuphuke ngo-2.6%. Ngamafuphi, kungaphethwa ngokuthi inani le-gypsum powder linomthelela omkhulu emandleni okuguquguquka kunamandla okucindezela.
2.2 Umphumela wokuqukethwe okuhlanganisiwe okulula ezimpahleni ze-gypsum efakwe i-plastered elula
Inani eliphelele lempuphu ye-gypsum, i-limestone powder kanye ne-aggregate elula ingu-100%, kanti inani lempuphu ye-gypsum engaguquki kanye nokuxubana kuhlala kungashintshi. Uma inani lama-microbeads e-vitrified lingu-4%, 8%, 12%, kanye no-16%, i-plaster elula Imiphumela yamandla okuguquguquka nokucindezela kwe-gypsum mortar e-desulfurized.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amandla okuguquguquka kanye namandla okucindezela e-plastered gypsum mortar ekhanyisiwe e-desulfurized light plastered ancipha ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-vitrified microbeads. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iningi lama-vitrified microbeads linesakhiwo esingenalutho ngaphakathi futhi amandla awo aphansi, okunciphisa amandla okuguquguquka kanye nokucindezela kwe-plastered gypsum mortar elula. Ngesikhathi sobudala boku-1, amandla okuguquguquka e-16% gypsum powder ancishiswe ngo-35.3% uma kuqhathaniswa nalawo e-4% gypsum powder, kanti amandla okucindezela ahambisanayo ancishiswe ngo-16.3%. Ngesikhathi sobudala bezinsuku ezingu-28, amandla okuguquguquka e-16% gypsum powder ancishiswe ngo-24.6% uma kuqhathaniswa nalawo e-4% gypsum powder, kuyilapho amandla okucindezela ahambisanayo ancishiswe ngo-6.0% kuphela. Ngamafuphi, kungaphethwa ngokuthi umphumela wokuqukethwe kwe-vitrified microbeads emandleni okuguquguquka mkhulu kunalowo emandleni okucindezela.
2.3 Umphumela wokuqukethwe kwe-retarder esikhathini sokusetha kwe-gypsum ekhanyisiwe efakwe i-plastered
Isilinganiso esiphelele sempuphu ye-gypsum, impuphu ye-limestone kanye ne-aggregate elula ingu-100%, kanti isilinganiso sempuphu ye-gypsum engaguquki, impuphu ye-limestone, i-aggregate elula kanye ne-cellulose ether asishintshi. Uma isilinganiso se-sodium citrate singu-0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, isikhathi sokusetha imiphumela ye-plastered gypsum mortar ekhanyayo.
Isikhathi sokuqala sokusetha kanye nesikhathi sokugcina sokusetha kwe-plastered gypsum mortar ekhanyisiwe elahliwe kokubili kuyanda ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-sodium citrate, kodwa ukwanda kwesikhathi sokusetha kuncane. Uma okuqukethwe kwe-sodium citrate kungu-0.3%, isikhathi sokuqala sokusetha sandisa imizuzu engama-28, kanti isikhathi sokugcina sokusetha sandiswa ngemizuzu engama-33. Ukwelulwa kwesikhathi sokusetha kungase kube ngenxa yendawo enkulu ebusweni be-gypsum ekhanyisiwe, engamunca i-retarder ezungeze izinhlayiya ze-gypsum, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise izinga lokuncibilika kwe-gypsum futhi ivimbele ukukristala kwe-gypsum, okuholela ekungakwazini kwe-gypsum slurry ukwakha uhlelo oluqinile lwesakhiwo. Yandisa isikhathi sokusetha se-gypsum.
2.4 Umphumela wokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether ezimpahleni ze-gypsum ekhanyisiwe engasindi efakwe iplasta
Isilinganiso esiphelele sempuphu ye-gypsum, impuphu ye-limestone kanye ne-aggregate elula ingu-100%, kanti isilinganiso sempuphu ye-gypsum engaguquki, impuphu ye-limestone, i-aggregate elula kanye ne-retarder asishintshi. Uma isilinganiso se-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose singu-0, 0.1%, 0.2% kanye no-0.4%, amandla okuguquguquka nokucindezela avela ku-light plastered desulfurized gypsum mortar.
Eminyakeni yoku-1, amandla okuguquguquka kodaka lwe-gypsum olufakwe i-plastered light plastered aqala anda abese ehla ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; eminyakeni engama-28, amandla okuguquguquka kodaka lwe-gypsum olufakwe i-plastered light plastered light plastered . Ngokukhula kokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, amandla okuguquguquka abonise ukuthambekela kokwehla kokuqala, bese kukhula bese kwehla. Lapho okuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kungu-0.2%, amandla okuguquguquka afinyelela esiphezulu, futhi adlula amandla ahambisanayo lapho okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose kungu-0. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uneminyaka emi-1 noma engama-28, amandla okucindezela kodaka lwe-gypsum olufakwe i-plastered light plastered ayancipha ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, futhi ukuthambekela kokwehla okuhambisanayo kusobala kakhulu eminyakeni engama-28. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-cellulose ether inomphumela wokugcina amanzi nokuqina, futhi isidingo samanzi sokuvumelana okujwayelekile sizokhula ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether, okuholela ekwandeni kwesilinganiso samanzi nosimende wesakhiwo se-slurry, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa amandla esampula ye-gypsum.
3 Isiphetho
(1) Izinga lokumanziswa kwe-gypsum ekhishwe isibabule liyanele ngokwanda kokukhula. Ngokukhula kokuqukethwe kwempuphu ye-gypsum ekhishwe isibabule, amandla okuguquguquka nokucindezela kwe-gypsum epulasitiki elula abonise ukuthambekela okuphezulu jikelele, kodwa ukwanda bekukuncane.
(2) Ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwama-microbeads e-vitrified, amandla okuguquguquka kanye namandla okucindezela e-plastered desulfurized mortar e-plastered light-weight kunciphisa ngokufanele, kodwa umphumela wokuqukethwe kwama-microbeads e-vitrified emandleni okuguquguquka mkhulu kunowomandla okucindezela.
(3) Ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-sodium citrate, isikhathi sokuqala sokusetha kanye nesikhathi sokugcina sokusetha kwe-plastered gypsum mortar ekhanyisiwe elahliwe kancane kuyandiswa, kodwa uma okuqukethwe kwe-sodium citrate kuncane, umphumela esikhathini sokusetha awubonakali.
(4) Ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, amandla okucindezela e-plastered desulfurized mortar ayancipha, kodwa amandla e-flexural abonisa ukuthambekela kokukhula kokuqala bese kwehla ku-1d, kanti ku-28d kubonise ukuthambekela kokuncipha kuqala, bese kukhula bese kwehla.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-02-2023