Gypsum ɗin rage ƙarfin lantarki wani nau'in gypsum ne da masana'antu ke samarwa ta hanyar cire sinadarin sulfur da tsarkake iskar gas da ake samarwa bayan konewar man fetur mai ɗauke da sulfur ta hanyar amfani da sinadarin lemun tsami ko foda mai laushi. Sinadarin sinadaransa iri ɗaya ne da na gypsum ɗin dihydrate na halitta, galibi CaSO4·2H2O. A halin yanzu, hanyar samar da wutar lantarki ta ƙasata har yanzu tana ƙarƙashin ikon samar da wutar lantarki ta kwal, kuma SO2 da kwal ke fitarwa a cikin tsarin samar da wutar lantarki ta zafi ya kai fiye da kashi 50% na hayakin da ake fitarwa a ƙasara a kowace shekara. Yawan fitar da sinadarin sulfur dioxide mai yawa ya haifar da gurɓataccen muhalli. Amfani da fasahar rage ƙarfin lantarki ta iskar gas don samar da gypsum mai rage ƙarfin lantarki muhimmin mataki ne don magance ci gaban fasaha na masana'antu masu amfani da kwal. A cewar ƙididdiga marasa cikakke, fitar da sinadarin gypsum mai narkewa a cikin ruwa a ƙasata ya wuce miliyan 90 t/a, kuma hanyar sarrafa gypsum mai narkewa a cikin ruwa galibi tana taruwa, wanda ba wai kawai ya mamaye ƙasa ba, har ma yana haifar da ɓarnar albarkatu mai yawa.
Gypsum yana da ayyukan nauyi mai sauƙi, rage hayaniya, hana gobara, rufin zafi, da sauransu. Ana iya amfani da shi a samar da siminti, samar da gypsum na gini, injiniyan ado da sauran fannoni. A halin yanzu, masana da yawa sun gudanar da bincike kan plastering. Binciken ya nuna cewa kayan plastering yana da ƙananan faɗaɗawa, kyakkyawan aiki da kuma filastik, kuma yana iya maye gurbin kayan plastering na gargajiya don ƙawata bango na cikin gida. Nazarin da Xu Jianjun da wasu suka yi ya nuna cewa ana iya amfani da gypsum mai narkewa don yin kayan bango masu sauƙi. Nazarin da Ye Beihong da wasu suka yi ya nuna cewa gypsum mai jujjuyawa da gypsum mai narkewa ya samar ana iya amfani da shi don Layer ɗin plastering na ɓangaren ciki na bangon waje, bangon bangare na ciki da rufi, kuma yana iya magance matsalolin inganci gama gari kamar harsasai da fashewar turmi na plastering na gargajiya. Gypsum mai laushi sabon nau'in kayan plastering ne mai kyau ga muhalli. An yi shi da hemihydrate gypsum a matsayin babban kayan siminti ta hanyar ƙara kayan haɗin nauyi da haɗin kai. Idan aka kwatanta da kayan plastering na siminti na gargajiya, ba shi da sauƙin fashewa, mannewa Kyakkyawan ɗaurewa, kyakkyawan raguwa, kore da kariyar muhalli. Amfani da gypsum mai narkewar ruwa don samar da gypsum mai narkewar ruwa ba wai kawai yana magance matsalar rashin albarkatun gypsum na halitta ba, har ma yana fahimtar amfani da albarkatun gypsum mai narkewar ruwa kuma yana cimma manufar kare muhallin muhalli. Saboda haka, bisa ga nazarin gypsum mai narkewar ruwa, wannan takarda tana gwada lokacin saitawa, ƙarfin lanƙwasa da ƙarfin matsewa, don nazarin abubuwan da ke shafar aikin gypsum mai narkewar ruwa mai sauƙi, da kuma samar da tushen ka'ida don haɓaka gypsum mai narkewar ruwa mai sauƙi.
Gwaji 1
1.1 Kayan da aka samo asali
Foda ta gypsum mai narkewar ruwa: Gisbin hemihydrate wanda aka samar kuma aka yi masa calcine ta hanyar fasahar rage fitar da iskar gas mai fitar da ruwa, an nuna kaddarorinsa na asali a cikin Jadawali na 1. An yi amfani da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta masu narkewar ruwa, kuma an nuna kaddarorinsa na asali a Jadawali na 2. Ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta masu narkewar ruwa an haɗa su a cikin rabo na 4%, 8%, 12%, da 16% bisa ga rabon taro na turmi mai narkewar ruwa mai laushi.
Retarder: Yi amfani da sodium citrate, analysis na sinadarai tsantsa, sodium citrate ya dogara ne akan rabon nauyi na turmi mai laushi na gypsum, kuma rabon haɗuwa shine 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%.
Cellulose ether: yi amfani da hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), danko shine 400, HPMC ya dogara ne akan rabon nauyin turmi mai laushi mai laushi, kuma rabon haɗuwa shine 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%.
1.2 Hanyar gwaji
Yawan ruwa da lokacin saita daidaiton daidaiton gypsum mai narkewa yana nufin GB/T17669.4-1999 "Ƙayyade Halayen Jiki na Gina Gypsum Plaster", kuma lokacin saitawa na gypsum mai narkewa yana nufin GB/T 28627-2012 "Gypsum mai narkewa" ana aiwatar da shi.
Ana yin ƙarfin lanƙwasa da matsewa na gypsum ɗin da aka cire daga ruwa bisa ga GB/T9776-2008 "Building Gypsum", kuma ana ƙera samfuran da girmansu ya kai 40mm × 40mm × 160mm, kuma ana auna ƙarfin sa'o'i 2 da ƙarfin bushewa bi da bi. Ana yin ƙarfin lanƙwasa da matsewa na turmi mai laushi mai sauƙi bisa ga GB/T 28627-2012 "Plastering Gypsum", kuma ana auna ƙarfin warkarwa na halitta don 1d da 28d bi da bi.
2 Sakamako da tattaunawa
2.1 Tasirin abun cikin foda na gypsum akan kaddarorin injiniya na gypsum mai sauƙin cire sulfurization
Jimlar adadin gypsum foda, foda na dutse da kuma kayan haɗin da ba su da nauyi shine 100%, kuma adadin kayan haɗin da aka gyara da kuma kayan haɗin da aka haɗa ba su canzawa ba. Idan adadin gypsum foda ya kai kashi 60%, 70%, 80%, da 90%, to, cire sulfurization Sakamakon ƙarfin lanƙwasa da matsi na turmi na gypsum.
Ƙarfin lanƙwasa da ƙarfin matsi na turmi mai laushi da aka yi da sulfurized gypsum duk suna ƙaruwa da shekaru, wanda ke nuna cewa matakin ruwa na gypsum yana ƙaruwa da shekaru. Tare da ƙaruwar foda mai laushi na gypsum, ƙarfin lanƙwasa da ƙarfin matsi na gypsum mai laushi ya nuna ci gaba gaba ɗaya, amma ƙaruwar ta yi ƙanƙanta, kuma ƙarfin matsi a kwanaki 28 ya bayyana musamman. A shekaru 1, ƙarfin lanƙwasa na gypsum da aka haɗa da 90% ya ƙaru da 10.3% idan aka kwatanta da na gypsum mai kashi 60%, kuma ƙarfin matsi mai daidai ya ƙaru da 10.1%. A shekaru 28, ƙarfin lanƙwasa na gypsum da aka haɗa da 90% ya ƙaru da 8.8% idan aka kwatanta da na gypsum da aka haɗa da 60%, kuma ƙarfin matsi mai daidai ya ƙaru da 2.6%. A taƙaice, za a iya kammala da cewa adadin gypsum yana da tasiri sosai akan ƙarfin lanƙwasa fiye da ƙarfin matsi.
2.2 Tasirin abubuwan da ke cikin tarin abubuwa masu sauƙi akan halayen injina na gypsum mai laushi mai laushi
Jimlar adadin foda na gypsum, foda na dutse mai laushi da kuma kayan haɗin da ba su da nauyi shine 100%, kuma adadin foda na gypsum da aka gyara da kuma haɗin da aka haɗa ba su canzawa ba. Idan adadin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta masu haske ya kai kashi 4%, 8%, 12%, da 16%, filastar haske Sakamakon ƙarfin lanƙwasa da matsi na turmi na gypsum da aka cire daga ruwa.
A wannan shekarun, ƙarfin lanƙwasawa da ƙarfin matsi na turmi mai laushi da aka yi da sulfurized gypsum ya ragu tare da ƙaruwar abun ciki na ƙwayoyin cuta masu haske. Wannan ya faru ne saboda yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta masu haske suna da tsari mai zurfi a ciki kuma ƙarfinsu yana da ƙasa, wanda ke rage ƙarfin lanƙwasawa da matsi na turmi mai sauƙi na gypsum. A shekaru 1, ƙarfin lanƙwasawa na foda gypsum 16% ya ragu da kashi 35.3% idan aka kwatanta da na foda gypsum 4%, kuma ƙarfin matsi mai dacewa ya ragu da kashi 16.3%. A shekaru 28, ƙarfin lanƙwasawa na foda gypsum 16% ya ragu da kashi 24.6% idan aka kwatanta da na foda gypsum 4%, yayin da ƙarfin matsi mai dacewa ya ragu da kashi 6.0% kawai. A taƙaice, za a iya kammala da cewa tasirin abun ciki na ƙwayoyin cuta masu haske akan ƙarfin lanƙwasa ya fi na ƙarfin matsi.
2.3 Tasirin abubuwan da ke hana ruwa shiga lokacin da aka yi amfani da gypsum mai laushi wanda aka yi da sulfur
Jimlar adadin gypsum foda, foda na dutse da kuma kayan da aka haɗa masu sauƙi shine 100%, kuma adadin gypsum foda da aka haɗa, foda na dutse, kayan da aka haɗa masu sauƙi da cellulose ether ba su canzawa ba. Idan adadin sodium citrate ya kai 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, to, lokacin da za a yi amfani da turmi mai laushi mai laushi wanda aka yi da sulfurized.
Lokacin farawa da lokacin ƙarshe na turmi mai laushi da aka yi da siminti mai laushi duk suna ƙaruwa tare da ƙaruwar sinadarin sodium citrate, amma ƙaruwar lokacin saitawa kaɗan ne. Lokacin da sinadarin sodium citrate ya kai kashi 0.3%, lokacin saitawa na farko yana tsawaita minti 28, kuma lokacin saitawa na ƙarshe ya tsawaita da minti 33. Tsawaita lokacin saitawa na iya faruwa ne saboda babban yankin saman gypsum mai narkewa, wanda zai iya shanye retarder a kusa da ƙwayoyin gypsum, don haka rage yawan narkewar gypsum da hana crystallization na gypsum, wanda ke haifar da rashin iyawar gypsum ɗin don samar da tsarin tsari mai ƙarfi. Tsawaita lokacin saita gypsum.
2.4 Tasirin abubuwan da ke cikin cellulose ether akan kaddarorin injiniya na gypsum mai laushi mai laushi
Jimlar adadin foda na gypsum, foda na dutse da kuma kayan haɗin nauyi shine 100%, kuma adadin foda na gypsum mai tsayayye, foda na dutse, kayan haɗin nauyi da kayan haɗin baya ba su canzawa ba. Idan adadin hydroxypropyl methylcellulose shine 0, 0.1%, 0.2% da 0.4%, ƙarfin lanƙwasa da matsewa sakamakon turmi mai laushi na gypsum mai laushi wanda aka yi da sulfurized.
A shekara ta 1, ƙarfin lanƙwasa na turmin gypsum mai laushi da aka yi da sulfurized da farko ya ƙaru sannan ya ragu tare da ƙaruwar abun ciki na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; a shekara ta 28, ƙarfin lanƙwasa na turmin gypsum mai haske da aka yi da sulfurized da aka yi da sulfurized da haske. Tare da ƙaruwar abun ciki na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ƙarfin lanƙwasa ya nuna yanayin raguwa da farko, sannan ƙaruwa sannan raguwa. Lokacin da abun ciki na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ya kai kashi 0.2%, ƙarfin lanƙwasa ya kai matsakaicin, kuma ya wuce ƙarfin da ya dace lokacin da abun ciki na cellulose ya kai 0. Ko da kuwa shekarun 1d ko 28d ne, ƙarfin matsi na turmin gypsum mai haske da aka yi da sulfurized yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar abun ciki na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, kuma yanayin raguwar da ya dace ya fi bayyana a 28d. Wannan saboda cellulose ether yana da tasirin riƙe ruwa da kauri, kuma buƙatar ruwa don daidaiton daidaito zai ƙaru tare da ƙaruwar abun ciki na cellulose ether, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwar rabon ruwa-siminti na tsarin slurry, ta haka yana rage ƙarfin samfurin gypsum.
Kammalawa 3
(1) Matsayin ruwa na gypsum ɗin da aka cire daga ruwa yana ƙaruwa da tsufa. Tare da ƙaruwar sinadarin gypsum ɗin da aka cire daga ruwa, ƙarfin lanƙwasa da matsewar gypsum ɗin da aka yi da ruwa mai sauƙi ya nuna ci gaba gaba ɗaya, amma ƙaruwar ta yi kaɗan.
(2) Tare da ƙaruwar yawan ƙwayoyin cuta masu narkewa, ƙarfin lanƙwasa da ƙarfin matsi na turmi mai laushi mai laushi mai laushi yana raguwa gwargwadon haka, amma tasirin abubuwan da ke cikin ƙwayoyin cuta masu narkewa akan ƙarfin lanƙwasa ya fi na ƙarfin matsi.
(3) Tare da ƙaruwar sinadarin sodium citrate, lokacin farawa da lokacin ƙarshe na turmi mai laushi da aka yi da sinadarin gypsum mai laushi suna tsawaita, amma idan sinadarin sodium citrate ya ƙanƙanta, tasirin da ke kan lokacin saitawa ba a bayyane yake ba.
(4) Tare da ƙaruwar yawan sinadarin hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ƙarfin matsewar turmi mai laushi wanda aka yi da silfurized gypsum yana raguwa, amma ƙarfin lanƙwasa yana nuna yanayin ƙaruwa da farko sannan raguwa a 1d, kuma a 28d Ya nuna yanayin raguwa da farko, sannan ƙaruwa sannan raguwa.
Lokacin Saƙo: Fabrairu-02-2023