Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ekuvuthweni kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)iyinhlanganisela ye-polymer encibilika emanzini evame ukusetshenziswa emikhakheni yezimboni neyezokwelapha, futhi inezinhlobo eziningi zokusetshenziswa, njengokukhishwa okulawulwa yimithi, ukucubungula ukudla kanye nezinto zokwakha. Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali enqubweni yayo yokubilisa kuhlobene kakhulu nokuwohloka nokuguqulwa kwe-cellulose kanye nemisebenzi ye-metabolic yama-microorganisms. Ukuze siqonde kangcono ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kwe-HPMC enqubweni yokubilisa, sidinga kuqala ukuqonda isakhiwo sayo esiyisisekelo kanye nenqubo yokuwohloka kwe-cellulose.

1. Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo kanye nezakhiwo ze-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

I-HPMC iyi-derivative etholakala ngokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali kwe-cellulose yemvelo (i-Cellulose). Umgogodla wochungechunge lwayo lwama-molecule ama-molecule e-glucose (C6H12O6) axhunywe yizibopho ze-glycosidic ze-β-1,4. I-Cellulose ngokwayo kunzima ukuyincibilikisa emanzini, kodwa ngokungenisa amaqembu e-methyl (-OCH3) kanye ne-hydroxypropyl (-C3H7OH), ukuncibilika kwayo emanzini kungathuthukiswa kakhulu ukuze kwakheke i-polymer encibilikayo. Inqubo yokuguqulwa kwe-HPMC ngokuvamile ifaka phakathi ukusabela kwe-cellulose nge-methyl chloride (CH3Cl) kanye ne-propylene alcohol (C3H6O) ngaphansi kwezimo ze-alkaline, futhi umkhiqizo ophumelayo une-hydrophilicity enamandla kanye nokuncibilika.

2. Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngesikhathi sokubilisa

Inqubo yokubilisa ye-HPMC ivame ukuncika ekusebenzeni kwama-microorganisms, asebenzisa i-HPMC njengomthombo wekhabhoni kanye nomthombo wezakhamzimba. Inqubo yokubilisa ye-HPMC ifaka izigaba ezilandelayo eziyinhloko:

2.1. Ukuwohloka kwe-HPMC

I-cellulose ngokwayo yakhiwe ngamayunithi e-glucose axhunyiwe, kanti i-HPMC izobhujiswa yizinto ezincane ngesikhathi senqubo yokubilisa, kuqala iboliswe ibe ushukela omncane ongasetshenziswa (njenge-glucose, i-xylose, njll.). Le nqubo ivame ukuhilela isenzo sama-enzyme amaningi abhubhisa i-cellulose. Ukusabela okuyinhloko kokubhujiswa kufaka phakathi:

Ukusabela kwe-cellulose hydrolysis: Izibopho ze-β-1,4 glycosidic kuma-molecule e-cellulose zizophulwa yi-cellulose hydrolases (njenge-cellulase, i-endocellulase), okukhiqiza amaketanga kashukela amafushane (njenge-oligosaccharides, ama-disaccharides, njll.). Lawa shukela azothuthukiswa futhi asetshenziswe yizinto ezincane.

Ukushiswa kwe-Hydrolysis kanye nokuwohloka kwe-HPMC: Izinto ezithatha indawo ye-methyl kanye ne-hydroxypropyl ku-molecule ye-HPMC zizosuswa kancane yi-hydrolysis. Indlela ethile yokusabela kwe-hydrolysis ayikaqondakali ngokugcwele, kodwa kungacatshangwa ukuthi endaweni yokubilisa, ukusabela kwe-hydrolysis kuqhutshwa ama-enzyme akhishwa yizinto ezincane (njenge-hydroxyl esterase). Le nqubo iholela ekuqhekekeni kwamaketanga ama-molecule e-HPMC kanye nokususwa kwamaqembu asebenzayo, ekugcineni kwakha ama-molecule amancane kashukela.

2.2. Ukusabela kwe-metabolism ye-microbial

Uma i-HPMC isiwohlokile yaba ama-molecule amancane kashukela, ama-microorganisms ayakwazi ukuguqula lawa mashukela abe amandla ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwama-enzyme. Ngokukhethekile, ama-microorganisms abola i-glucose ibe yi-ethanol, i-lactic acid noma amanye ama-metabolites ngezindlela zokubilisa. Ama-microorganisms ahlukene angase asebenzise imikhiqizo yokuwohloka kwe-HPMC ngezindlela ezahlukene. Izindlela ezivamile ze-metabolic zifaka:

Indlela ye-Glycolysis: I-glucose ihlukaniswa ibe yi-pyruvate ngama-enzyme bese iguqulwa ibe amandla (i-ATP) kanye nama-metabolites (njenge-lactic acid, i-ethanol, njll.).

Ukukhiqizwa komkhiqizo wokubilisa: Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-anaerobic noma ze-hypoxic, ama-microorganisms aguqula i-glucose noma imikhiqizo yayo yokubola ibe ama-asidi e-organic njenge-ethanol, i-lactic acid, i-acetic acid, njll. ngezindlela zokubilisa, ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ezinqubweni ezahlukene zezimboni.

2.3. Ukusabela kwe-Redox

Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubilisa ye-HPMC, amanye ama-microorganism angase ashintshe imikhiqizo ephakathi ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwe-redox. Isibonelo, inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-ethanol ihambisana nokusabela kwe-redox, i-glucose iyaxiliswa ukuze ikhiqize i-pyruvate, bese i-pyruvate iguqulwa ibe yi-ethanol ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kokunciphisa. Lokhu kusabela kubalulekile ekugcineni ibhalansi ye-metabolic yamaseli.

3. Izici zokulawula enqubweni yokubilisa

Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubilisa ye-HPMC, izici zemvelo zinethonya elibalulekile ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali. Isibonelo, i-pH, izinga lokushisa, okuqukethwe komoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe, ukuhlushwa komthombo wezakhamzimba, njll. kuzothinta izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-metabolic kwama-microorganisms kanye nohlobo lwemikhiqizo. Ikakhulukazi izinga lokushisa kanye ne-pH, umsebenzi wama-enzyme ama-microbial ungahluka kakhulu ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukene zokushisa kanye ne-pH, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukulawula ngokunembile izimo zokubilisa ukuqinisekisa ukuwohloka kwe-HPMC kanye nenqubekela phambili ebushelelezi yenqubo yokuguqulwa kwe-metabolic yama-microorganisms.

Inqubo yokubilisaI-HPMCkuhilela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuyinkimbinkimbi, okuhlanganisa i-hydrolysis ye-cellulose, ukonakala kwe-HPMC, i-metabolism kashukela, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yokubilisa. Ukuqonda lokhu kusabela akusizi nje kuphela ekwenzeni ngcono inqubo yokubilisa ye-HPMC, kodwa futhi kunikeza ukwesekwa kwemfundiso yokukhiqizwa kwezimboni okuhlobene. Ngokujula kocwaningo, izindlela zokubilisa ezisebenza kahle futhi ezingabizi zingathuthukiswa esikhathini esizayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokubilisa kwe-HPMC kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo, futhi kukhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kwe-HPMC ekuguqulweni kwezinto eziphilayo, ekuvikelweni kwemvelo nakwezinye izinkambu.