Mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ na mgbaze nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)bụ ngwakọta polima mmiri na-agbaze nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ahụike, ma nwee ọtụtụ uru ojiji, dịka na mwepụta ọgwụ a na-achịkwa, nhazi nri na ihe owuwu ụlọ. Mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ na usoro ịgba ya na-emetụtakarị mmebi na mgbanwe nke cellulose na ọrụ metabolic nke microorganisms. Iji ghọta nke ọma mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ nke HPMC na usoro ịgba ya, anyị kwesịrị ibu ụzọ ghọta usoro ya bụ isi na usoro mmebi nke cellulose.

1. Nhazi na ihe ndị bụ isi nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

HPMC bụ ihe e si na mgbanwe kemịkalụ nke cellulose eke (Cellulose) nweta. Isi ihe dị na yinye molekul ya bụ molekul glucose (C6H12O6) nke ejikọtara site na njikọ β-1,4 glycosidic. Cellulose n'onwe ya siri ike ịgbaze na mmiri, mana site n'itinye otu methyl (-OCH3) na hydroxypropyl (-C3H7OH), enwere ike ime ka mmiri ya dị mma nke ukwuu iji mepụta polymer na-agbaze. Usoro mgbanwe nke HPMC na-agụnyekarị mmeghachi omume nke cellulose na methyl chloride (CH3Cl) na propylene alcohol (C3H6O) n'okpuru ọnọdụ alkaline, ngwaahịa ahụ na-esikwa na ya pụta nwere hydrophilicity na mgbaze siri ike.

2. Mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ n'oge ịgba mmiri

Usoro ịgbakọ nke HPMC na-adaberekarị n'ọrụ nke obere nje, bụ́ ndị na-eji HPMC eme ihe dị ka isi iyi carbon na isi iyi nri. Usoro ịgbakọ nke HPMC gụnyere usoro ndị a:

2.1. Mmebi nke HPMC

Selụlose n'onwe ya nwere glucose ejikọtara, a ga-emebikwa HPMC site na nje bacteria n'oge usoro ịgba mmiri, nke mbụ ga-agbaze ka ọ bụrụ obere shuga a na-eji eme ihe (dịka glucose, xylose, wdg). Usoro a na-agụnyekarị ọrụ nke ọtụtụ enzymes na-emebi cellulose. Mmeghachi omume mmebi bụ isi gụnyere:

Mmeghachi omume nke selulose hydrolysis: Cellulose hydrolases (dịka cellulose, endocellulase, wdg) ga-agbaji njikọ β-1,4 glycosidic dị na selulose, na-emepụta obere usoro shuga (dịka oligosaccharides, disaccharides, wdg). A ga-eme ka shuga ndị a dịkwuo mma ma jiri ha mee ihe site na obere nje.

Mmiri na mmebi nke HPMC: A ga-ewepụ ihe ndị dị na methyl na hydroxypropyl dị na molekul HPMC site na hydrolysis. A kabeghị aghọta usoro kpọmkwem nke mmeghachi omume hydrolysis nke ọma, mana enwere ike ikwu na n'ime gburugburu ebe a na-agbaze mmiri, a na-eme ka mmeghachi omume hydrolysis ahụ ka mma site na enzymes nke microorganisms (dị ka hydroxyl esterase) na-emepụta. Usoro a na-eduga na mgbawa nke usoro molekul HPMC na iwepụ otu ọrụ, na-emesịa mepụta obere molekul shuga.

2.2. Mmeghachi omume metabolic nke nje

Ozugbo HPMC gbawara n'ime obere mkpụrụ ndụ shuga, obere mkpụrụ ndụ nwere ike ịgbanwe shuga ndị a ka ọ bụrụ ike site na mmeghachi omume enzymatic. Karịsịa, obere mkpụrụ ndụ nwere ike ịgbari glucose ka ọ bụrụ ethanol, lactic acid ma ọ bụ metabolites ndị ọzọ site na ụzọ ịgbari. Mkpụrụ ndụ dị iche iche nwere ike ịgbari ngwaahịa mmebi HPMC site na ụzọ dị iche iche. Ụzọ metabolic ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere:

Ụzọ Glycolysis: A na-agbaze glucose ka ọ bụrụ pyruvate site na enzymes wee gbanwee ya ka ọ bụrụ ike (ATP) na metabolites (dịka lactic acid, ethanol, wdg).

Mmepụta ngwaahịa ịgbakọ agbakọ: N'okpuru ọnọdụ anaerobic ma ọ bụ hypoxic, obere nje na-agbanwe glucose ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa mmebi ya ka ọ bụrụ asịd organic dịka ethanol, lactic acid, acetic acid, wdg site na ụzọ ịgbakọ agbakọ, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ọtụtụ usoro ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche.

2.3. Mmeghachi omume Redox

N'oge usoro ịgbakọ nke HPMC, ụfọdụ nje bacteria nwere ike ịgbanwe ngwaahịa ndị dị n'etiti site na mmeghachi omume redox. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, usoro mmepụta nke ethanol na-eso mmeghachi omume redox, a na-eme ka glucose dị oxidized iji mepụta pyruvate, wee gbanwee pyruvate ka ọ bụrụ ethanol site na mmeghachi omume mbelata. Mmeghachi omume ndị a dị mkpa maka ịnọgide na-enwe nguzozi metabolic nke mkpụrụ ndụ.

3. Ihe ndị na-achịkwa usoro ịgba mmiri

N'oge usoro ịgba mmiri nke HPMC, ihe ndị metụtara gburugburu ebe obibi nwere mmetụta dị mkpa na mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, pH, okpomọkụ, ọdịnaya oxygen agbazere agbaze, ntinye nri, wdg ga-emetụta ọnụego metabolic nke microorganisms na ụdị ngwaahịa. Karịsịa okpomọkụ na pH, ọrụ nke microorganisms enzymes nwere ike ịdị iche nke ukwuu n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na pH dị iche iche, yabụ ọ dị mkpa ijikwa ọnọdụ ịgba mmiri nke ọma iji hụ na HPMC mebiri emebi na ọganihu dị mma nke usoro metabolic nke microorganisms.

Usoro ịgba mmiri nkeHPMCgụnyere mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ dị mgbagwoju anya, gụnyere hydrolysis nke cellulose, mmebi nke HPMC, metabolism nke shuga, na mmepụta nke ngwaahịa ịgbakọ. Ịghọta mmeghachi omume ndị a abụghị naanị na ọ na-enyere aka ime ka usoro ịgbakọ nke HPMC ka mma, kamakwa ọ na-enye nkwado echiche maka mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ metụtara ya. Site na mmụba nke nyocha, enwere ike ịmepụta ụzọ ịgbakọ nke ọma na nke bara uru n'ọdịnihu iji melite arụmọrụ mmebi nke HPMC na mmepụta nke ngwaahịa, ma kwalite itinye HPMC n'ọrụ na mgbanwe bio, nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na ubi ndị ọzọ.