Umgubo wepolymer ophinda uqhekeke (RDP)yi-powder ephuma ngokukhululekileyo eveliswa ngokutshiza i-polymer ye-emulsion. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zokwakha ezifana nodaka oluxutywe nomxube owomileyo, i-tile adhesive, i-putty powder, i-self-leveling, kunye neenkqubo zokukhusela udonga lwangaphandle. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kuyo kukukwazi kwayo ukuphinda ichitheke emanzini, iyibuyisele kwi-polymer latex eneempawu ze-emulsion yayo yokuqala, ngaloo ndlela inika ukunamathela okuhle, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokumelana namanzi kwizixhobo. Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-RDP ibandakanya amanyathelo aliqela aphambili, ukusuka ekukhetheni izinto eziluhlaza ukuya ekupakishweni kwemveliso okugqityiweyo. Oku kulandelayo kuya kuchaza inkqubo iyonke, imiba yobugcisa ephambili, kunye nolawulo lomgangatho.
1. Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziluhlaza kunye nokulungiswa kwe-Emulsion
Imveliso ye-RDP isekelwe kwiipolymers ze-emulsion. Iinkqubo ze-polymer eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer (VAE), ii-esters ze-acrylic, kunye nee-esters ze-styrene-acrylic. Iinkqubo ze-polymer ezahlukeneyo zimisela iimpawu zokusebenza kwe-RDP. Umzekelo, iinkqubo ze-VAE zibonelela ngokuguquguquka okugqwesileyo kunye nokunamathela, okwenza zifaneleke kwiiglu zethayile kunye neenkqubo zokufakelwa; ngelixa iinkqubo ze-emulsion ze-acrylic ezicocekileyo zibonelela ngokumelana nemozulu kunye nokumelana ne-UV, okwenza ukuba zisetyenziswe rhoqo kwiiputty zodonga zangaphandle okanye kwiingubo.
Ii-emulsion zihlala zilungiswa kusetyenziswa inkqubo ye-emulsion polymerization. Zisebenzisa amanzi njenge-dispersion medium, ii-emulsifiers, ii-initiators, kunye nolawulo lobushushu, ii-monomers zenza i-polymerization ukuze zenze i-polymer emulsion ezinzileyo. Eli nyathelo lifuna ulawulo oluqinileyo lokusasazwa kobungakanani bee-particle, umxholo we-solids, kunye ne-viscosity ukuqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokusebenza kwemveliso yokugqibela.
2. Inkqubo yokomisa ngokutshiza
Emva kokuba i-emulsion ilungisiwe, iguqulwa ibe ngumgubo ngokufutha nge-spray, eli linyathelo eliphambili ekuvelisweni kwe-RDP. Amanyathelo enkqubo aquka:
I-Spray Atomization: I-emulsion ixutywa ibe ngamathontsi amancinci kakhulu kusetyenziswa i-nozzle enoxinzelelo oluphezulu okanye i-centrifugal atomizer. Ububanzi bamathontsi buhlala bulawulwa ukuya kumashumi ee-microns ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokomisa kunye nokufana komgubo.
Ukomisa Umoya Oshushu: Amathontsi e-atomized adibana nomoya oshushu oshushu kakhulu (malunga ne-120-180°C), akhupha amanzi ngokukhawuleza aze omise amasuntswana e-emulsion abe zii-microparticles eziqinileyo. Le nkqubo ifuna ubushushu obulinganayo kunye nexesha lokuphepha ukugqithisa okunokubangela ukuba i-polymer inyibilike okanye ibole.
Ukwambathisa Umphezulu kunye noNyango lokunganamatheli: Ngenxa yokuba amasuntswana e-polymer athanda ukunamathela, i-colloid ekhuselayo, efana ne-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), idla ngokufakwa ngexesha lenkqubo yokomisa ukuze yenze ifilimu ekhuselayo. Oku kuthintela umgubo ukuba ungaqini kwaye kunceda ukuphinda usasazeke ngokukhawuleza emanzini.
Ukwahlulwahlulwa koMoya kunye nokuQokelelwa: Emva kokomiswa, umgubo ogqityiweyo uqokelelwa kusetyenziswa isahluli senkanyamba kunye nesihluzo seengxowa ukuqinisekisa ukusasazwa ngokulinganayo kobukhulu beentwana kunye nokususa uthuli olucolekileyo.
3. Ulawulo loMgangatho kunye noHlengahlengiso
Ulawulo lomgangatho lubalulekile kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa. Iimpawu eziphambili zovavanyo ziquka:
Ukusasazwa kobukhulu beenxalenye kunye nokuKhanya: Qinisekisa ukuba umgubo usasazeke ngokulinganayo kumxube owomileyo, ukuthintela ukuhlangana kwawo.
Ukufuma okushiyekileyo: Ngokuqhelekileyo kulawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-1%-2% ukuthintela ukufuma kunye nokuhlangana ngexesha lokugcina.
Ukusasazeka kwakhona: Oku kuvavanya izinga lokusasazeka komgubo kunye nokubuyiselwa kobungakanani bamasuntswana emanzini, eziziimpawu eziphambili zokuvavanya umgangatho we-RDP.
Amandla okuncamathela kunye nokuguquguquka: Oku kuvavanywa ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo lweenkqubo zesamente ukuze kuhlolwe impembelelo yaso ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwezixhobo zokwakha.
Ezinye iimveliso zikwatshintsha indlela ezisebenza ngayo, njengokongeza i-arhente engafuni manzi ukuphucula ukumelana namanzi okanye ukufaka i-monomer eguquguqukayo ukuphucula ukumelana neentanda. Olu tshintsho lwenza ukuba i-RDP ikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zezicelo ezahlukeneyo zezakhiwo.
4. Ukupakishwa kunye nokugcinwa
Iimveliso ezigqityiweyo ze-RDP zihlala zipakishwa kwiingxowa zephepha ezidityanisiweyo ezineengqimba ezininzi ezigqunywe ngefilimu engangenisi manzi, ezinobukhulu obuqhelekileyo be-20 kg ngebhegi nganye. Ukugcinwa kufuneka kugcinwe kude nomswakama kunye nelanga elithe ngqo, kwaye ubushushu bendawo yokugcina impahla kufuneka bugcinwe phakathi kwe-5°C kunye ne-35°C. Ukupakisha kunye nokugcina ngokufanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ubomi beshelufu ye-RDP (ngesiqhelo iinyanga ezili-12).
Inkqubo yokuvelisa iipowder zepolymer eziphinda zichithweyiteknoloji ebanzi edibanisa ikhemistri yepolymer, i-emulsion polymerization, ukomisa isitshizi, kunye nobunjineli bomgubo. Ngolawulo oluqinileyo lomgangatho kuyo yonke inkqubo, kubandakanya ukukhethwa kwezinto eziluhlaza, ukulungiswa kwe-emulsion, ukomisa isitshizi, kunye nolawulo lomgangatho, sivelisa iimveliso ze-RDP ezineempawu ezibalaseleyo zokusasazeka kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zokwakha zanamhlanje akupheleli nje ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kolwakhiwo kodwa kukwakhuthaza uphuhliso lwezixhobo zokwakha eziluhlaza.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-29-2025