Jwalo ka motsoako wa tlhaho wa polymer, cellulose e na le mefuta e mengata ya ditshebediso tlhahisong. E nkuwa haholoholo maboteng a disele tsa dimela mme ke e nngwe ya metswako e mengata ya tlhaho lefatsheng. Cellulose e sebedisitswe haholo tlhahisong ya pampiri, masela, dipolasetiki, thepa ya kaho, meriana, dijo le diindasteri tse ding ka lebaka la sebopeho sa yona se ikgethang sa dimolek'hule, ho senyeha ha yona ho sa senyeheng tikoloho le thepa e ntle ya mmele le ya dikhemikhale.
1. Indasteri ea ho etsa pampiri
Indasteri ea ho etsa pampiri ke sebaka se seholo sa ts'ebeliso ea cellulose. Likhoele tsa limela li ka etsoa makhasi ka mor'a kalafo ea mechini kapa ea lik'hemik'hale. Cellulose e fana ka matla le ho tšoarella e le karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ena. Ts'ebetsong ea ho etsa pampiri, ho monya metsi, boreledi le matla a ho thapolla pampiri li ka laoloa ka ho eketsa lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale le ho sebelisa metsoako e fapaneng ea likhoele. Ho hlaha ha pampiri e sebelisitsoeng hape ho totobatsa ho tšoarella le ho sebelisoa hape ha cellulose, e leng se etsang hore e be molemo haholo thepa e sireletsang tikoloho.
2. Indasteri ea masela
Likhoele tsa cellulose (tse kang k'hothone) li sebelisoa haholo tlhahisong ea masela e le thepa ea mantlha ea indasteri ea masela. Likhoele tsa k'hothone li na le cellulose e fetang 90%, e leng se etsang hore li be bonolo, li be le hygroscopic, li hema habonolo 'me li be le litšobotsi tse ling tse ntle, tse loketseng tlhahiso ea mefuta e fapaneng ea liaparo. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, likhoele tsa cellulose li ka phekoloa ka lik'hemik'hale ho etsa likhoele tsa cellulose tse tsosolositsoeng joalo ka likhoele tsa viscose le likhoele tsa modal, e leng se eketsang ts'ebeliso ea cellulose indastering ea masela. Likhoele tsena ha li bonolo feela ebile lia phutholoha, empa hape li na le litšobotsi tse ntle tsa ho loantša likokoana-hloko le ho bola.
3. Li-bioplastic le thepa e bolang
Cellulose e ka sebelisoa ho etsa polasetiki e bolang ka tlhaho indastering ea polasetiki, e leng e 'ngoe ea litaelo tsa bohlokoa tsa lipatlisiso bakeng sa ho rarolla bothata ba "tšilafalo e tšoeu". Ka ho sebetsana le cellulose ho ba cellulose acetate kapa cellulose ether, e ka sebelisoa ho etsa lifilimi tsa polasetiki tse sireletsang tikoloho, lisebelisoa tsa tafole, jj. Lisebelisoa tsena li na le botsitso bo matla ba lik'hemik'hale le thepa ea 'mele, 'me li bonolo ho senyeha tikolohong ea tlhaho, li fokotsa tšusumetso ea litšila tsa polasetiki tikolohong ea tikoloho.
4. Thepa ea kaho
Indastering ea kaho, cellulose e sebelisoa haholo ho etsa liboto tsa samente tsa faeba, liboto tsa gypsum tse matlafalitsoeng ka faeba le thepa ea ho thibela mocheso. Ho kopanya likhoele tsa cellulose le thepa e 'ngoe ho ka ntlafatsa khanyetso ea tsona ea tšusumetso, matla a ho tsitlella, le ho ntlafatsa ho thibela mocheso le ho thibela molumo. Mohlala, thepa ea ho thibela mocheso ea cellulose ke thepa ea ho thibela mocheso e sireletsang tikoloho. Ka ho kenya phofo ea cellulose kapa likaroloana tsa cellulose leboteng la moaho, e ka sireletsa mocheso le ho fokotsa lerata ka katleho, 'me thepa ea eona ea tlhaho e sa sireletseng likokoanyana e etsa hore e sebelisoe haholo kahong.
5. Indasteri ea lijo le meriana
Dintho tse tswang ho cellulose tse kang carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) le methyl cellulose (MC) le tsona di na le tshebediso ya bohlokwa indastering ya dijo le meriana. Carboxymethyl cellulose e sebediswa haholo e le ntho e matlafatsang, e tsitsisang le emulsifier dijong, ha methyl cellulose e atisa ho sebediswa e le ntho e sa qhibidiheng matlapeng ka lebaka la ho kgomarela ha yona hantle le ho ikamahanya ha yona le dintho tse phelang. Ho feta moo, cellulose e ka eketswa dijong e le faeba ya dijo ho thusa batho ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle ba mala.
6. Indasteri ea litlolo
Cellulose hangata e sebelisoa e le setefatsi le sehatsetsi litlolong. Mohlala, cellulose e tloaelehileng ea carboxymethyl le cellulose ea microcrystalline li ka eketsa ho teteana le botsitso ba litlolo le ho qoba ho arola metsoako ka lihlopha. Ho phaella moo, ho senyeha le ho se be chefo ha cellulose ho etsa hore e lokele ho sebelisoa lihlahisoa tsa ho hloekisa, lihlahisoa tsa tlhokomelo ea letlalo le litlolo.
7. Thepa e sireletsang tikoloho le thepa ea sefe
Ka lebaka la sebopeho se nang le masoba le ho monya hantle ha cellulose, e ntse e sebelisoa haholoanyane thepa ea sefe. Li-membrane tsa cellulose le li-nanofiber tsa cellulose li sebelisoa ho sefeng moea, kalafong ea metsi le kalafong ea metsi a litšila a indasteri. Lisebelisoa tsa sefeng sa cellulose ha li khone feela ho tlosa likaroloana tse emisitsoeng, empa hape li monya lintho tse kotsi, ka melemo ea ts'ebetso e phahameng le tšireletso ea tikoloho. Ho phaella moo, lipatlisiso tsa ts'ebeliso ea li-nanofiber tsa cellulose li etsa hore e be le bokhoni bo boholo indastering ea sefe le tšireletso ea tikoloho nakong e tlang.
8. Tšimo ea matla
Sehlahisoa sa biomass sa cellulose le sona se hohetse tlhokomelo e kholo lefapheng la eneji. Cellulose e ka hlahisa eneji e nchafatsoang joalo ka bioethanol le biodiesel ka ho bola ha biodiesel le ho belisoa. Ha e bapisoa le eneji ea petrochemical, lihlahisoa tsa ho tuka ha eneji ea biomass li mosa tikolohong 'me li tsamaisana le mohopolo oa nts'etsopele e tsitsitseng. Theknoloji ea tlhahiso ea biofuel ea cellulose e ntse e ntlafala butle-butle, e fana ka menyetla e mecha ea eneji e hloekileng nakong e tlang.
9. Tshebediso ya nanotechnology
Li-nanofiber tsa cellulose (CNF) ke tsoelo-pele ea bohlokoa lipatlisisong tsa cellulose lilemong tsa morao tjena. Ka lebaka la matla a tsona a phahameng, bongata bo tlase le ho lumellana hantle ha tsona, li sebelisoa haholo linthong tse fapaneng tse kopaneng. Ho eketsoa ha li-nanofiber tsa cellulose ho ka ntlafatsa haholo litšobotsi tsa mechini tsa thepa e kopaneng, 'me ha li bapisoa le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa nanomaterials, li-nanofiber tsa cellulose lia nchafatsoa ebile lia bola, kahoo li na le bokhoni bo boholo lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, li-sensor, li-implant tsa bongaka le lisebelisoa tse sebetsang hantle.
10. Theknoloji ea khatiso le inkjet
Ho hatiseng le theknolojing ea inkjet, lintho tse tsoang ho cellulose li sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa ho phalla le ho monya ha enke, e leng se etsang hore phello ea khatiso e tšoane haholoanyane. Ho inkjet ea khatiso ea inkjet, cellulose e ka etsa hore mebala e tlale le ho hlaka haholoanyane. Ho phaella moo, ho pepeneneng le matla a cellulose ho ka ntlafatsa boleng ba pampiri e hatisitsoeng le ho fokotsa ho hasana ha enke, ka hona ho etsa hore lihlahisoa tse hatisitsoeng li be le boleng bo holimo.
Jwalo ka thepa ya tlhaho ya polymer e ka ntjhafatswang le ho bola, cellulose e se e le e nngwe ya thepa ya bohlokwa tlhahisong ya sejwalejwale. Tshebediso ya yona e pharaletseng masimong a fapaneng e bontsha mefutafuta ya yona le tshireletso ya tikoloho, mme e kgothaletsa phetoho e tala ya diindasteri tse ngata. Nakong e tlang, ka ntshetsopele e tswelang pele ya saense le theknoloji le katleho ya nanotechnology ya cellulose, tshebediso ya cellulose e tla fapana haholo.
Nako ea poso: Pulungoana-01-2024