Ua ib qho tshuaj polymer ntuj, cellulose muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev tsim khoom. Nws feem ntau yog los ntawm cov phab ntsa cell ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab yog ib qho ntawm cov organic compounds ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Cellulose tau siv dav hauv kev tsim ntawv, textiles, plastics, cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, tshuaj, khoom noj thiab lwm yam lag luam vim nws cov qauv molecular tshwj xeeb, kev puas tsuaj rau ib puag ncig thiab cov khoom zoo heev thiab tshuaj lom neeg.
1. Kev lag luam ua ntawv
Kev lag luam ua ntawv yog qhov chaw siv cellulose tseem ceeb. Cov nroj tsuag fibers tuaj yeem ua rau pulp tom qab kev kho tshuab lossis tshuaj lom neeg. Cellulose muab lub zog thiab kev ruaj khov ua lub ntsiab tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem no. Hauv cov txheej txheem ua ntawv, kev nqus dej, kev du thiab lub zog tensile ntawm daim ntawv tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev ntxiv cov tshuaj ntxiv thiab siv cov fiber sib xyaw ua ke. Kev tshwm sim ntawm daim ntawv rov ua dua tshiab ntxiv qhia txog kev ruaj khov thiab kev siv rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cellulose, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua hauv cov ntaub ntawv ib puag ncig.
2. Kev lag luam textile
Cov cellulose fibers (xws li paj rwb) yog siv dav hauv kev tsim cov ntaub ua cov khoom siv raw ntawm kev lag luam textile. Cov paj rwb fibers muaj ntau dua 90% cellulose, uas ua rau lawv mos, hygroscopic, breathable thiab lwm yam zoo heev, tsim nyog rau kev tsim ntau hom khaub ncaws. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cellulose fibers tuaj yeem kho tshuaj lom neeg los tsim cov cellulose fibers rov ua dua tshiab xws li viscose fibers thiab modal fibers, ntxiv nthuav dav kev siv cellulose hauv kev lag luam textile. Cov fibers no tsis yog tsuas yog mos thiab xis nyob xwb, tab sis kuj muaj cov khoom zoo antibacterial thiab biodegradable.
3. Cov khoom siv bioplastics thiab cov khoom siv biodegradable
Cellulose siv tau los ua cov yas biodegradable hauv kev lag luam yas, uas yog ib qho ntawm cov lus qhia tseem ceeb rau kev daws qhov teeb meem ntawm "kev ua qias tuaj dawb". Los ntawm kev ua cov cellulose rau hauv cellulose acetate lossis cellulose ether, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov yas zaj duab xis eco-phooj ywg, cov tais diav, thiab lwm yam. Cov ntaub ntawv no muaj kev ruaj khov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov khoom siv lub cev, thiab yooj yim rau degrade hauv qhov chaw ib puag ncig, txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov yas pov tseg rau ntawm qhov chaw ib puag ncig.
4. Cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv tsev
Hauv kev lag luam kev tsim kho, cellulose yog siv dav los ua cov fiber cement boards, fiber reinforced gypsum boards thiab cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev thermal. Kev sib xyaw ua ke cellulose fibers nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem txhim kho lawv qhov kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, lub zog tensile, thiab txhim kho kev rwb thaiv tsev thermal thiab kev rwb thaiv tsev suab. Piv txwv li, cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev thermal cellulose yog cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev thermal uas zoo rau ib puag ncig. Los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj cellulose hmoov lossis cellulose me me rau hauv phab ntsa tsev, nws tuaj yeem rwb thaiv tsev thiab txo suab nrov, thiab nws cov yam ntxwv ntuj tiv thaiv kab ua rau nws siv dav dua hauv kev tsim kho.
5. Kev lag luam khoom noj thiab tshuaj
Cov cellulose derivatives xws li carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) thiab methyl cellulose (MC) kuj muaj cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam khoom noj thiab tshuaj. Carboxymethyl cellulose yog siv dav ua cov khoom ua kom tuab, stabilizer thiab emulsifier hauv zaub mov, thaum methyl cellulose feem ntau siv ua cov tshuaj yaj hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj vim nws cov nplaum zoo thiab biocompatibility. Tsis tas li ntawd, cellulose kuj tseem tuaj yeem ntxiv rau hauv zaub mov ua cov fiber noj haus kom pab tib neeg txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv ntawm txoj hnyuv.
6. Kev lag luam tshuaj pleev ib ce
Cellulose feem ntau siv ua cov khoom ua kom tuab thiab ruaj khov hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce. Piv txwv li, carboxymethyl cellulose thiab microcrystalline cellulose feem ntau tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj pleev ib ce muaj viscosity thiab ruaj khov thiab tiv thaiv kev faib ua pawg ntawm cov khoom xyaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev puas tsuaj thiab tsis muaj tshuaj lom ntawm cellulose ua rau nws tsim nyog siv rau hauv cov khoom ntxuav, cov khoom tu tawv nqaij thiab pleev ib ce.
7. Cov ntaub ntawv ib puag ncig zoo thiab cov ntaub ntawv lim dej
Vim yog cov qauv porous thiab zoo adsorption ntawm cellulose, nws yog siv ntau dua hauv cov ntaub ntawv lim. Cellulose daim nyias nyias thiab cellulose nanofibers yog siv rau hauv kev lim cua, kev kho dej thiab kev kho dej khib nyiab hauv kev lag luam. Cov ntaub ntawv lim cellulose tsis tsuas yog tshem tawm cov khoom me me, tab sis kuj nqus cov tshuaj lom neeg, nrog rau qhov zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv cellulose nanofibers ua rau nws muaj peev xwm zoo hauv kev lim dej thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig yav tom ntej.
8. Lub zog teb
Cellulose biomass kuj tau nyiam ntau lub siab xav hauv thaj chaw siv hluav taws xob. Cellulose tuaj yeem tsim cov zog rov ua dua tshiab xws li bioethanol thiab biodiesel los ntawm kev ua kom puas tsuaj thiab fermentation. Piv nrog rau lub zog petrochemical, cov khoom siv hlawv ntawm lub zog biomass yog tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig thiab ua raws li lub tswv yim ntawm kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov. Cov thev naus laus zis tsim khoom ntawm cellulose biofuel maj mam txhim kho, muab cov hauv kev tshiab rau lub zog huv yav tom ntej.
9. Kev siv nanotechnology
Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) yog ib qho kev nce qib tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb cellulose hauv xyoo tas los no. Vim lawv lub zog siab, qhov ceev qis thiab biocompatibility zoo, lawv tau siv dav hauv ntau yam khoom sib xyaw. Kev ntxiv ntawm cellulose nanofibers tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, thiab piv nrog lwm cov khoom nano, cellulose nanofibers yog cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab thiab biodegradable, yog li lawv muaj peev xwm zoo hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, sensors, kev cog hniav kho mob thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua tau zoo.
10. Kev luam ntawv thiab inkjet thev naus laus zis
Hauv kev luam ntawv thiab inkjet thev naus laus zis, cellulose derivatives siv los txhim kho qhov fluidity thiab adsorption ntawm cov inks, ua rau cov nyhuv luam ntawv zoo ib yam. Hauv inks luam ntawv inks, cellulose tuaj yeem ua rau cov xim puv thiab meej dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov pob tshab thiab lub zog ntawm cellulose tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm thiab txo cov kua number case diffusion, yog li ua rau cov khoom luam tawm zoo dua.
Ua ib yam khoom siv polymer ntuj uas rov ua dua tshiab thiab lwj tau, cellulose tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom niaj hnub no. Nws daim ntawv thov dav hauv ntau qhov chaw sib txawv qhia txog nws qhov kev sib txawv thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, thiab txhawb kev hloov pauv ntsuab ntawm ntau yam lag luam. Yav tom ntej, nrog rau kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev tawg ntawm cellulose nanotechnology, kev siv cellulose yuav muaj ntau yam ntxiv.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Kaum Ib Hlis-01-2024