Nk’umusemburo w’umwimerere wa polymer, cellulose ifite akamaro kanini mu nganda. Ikomoka ahanini ku rukuta rw’uturemangingo tw’ibimera kandi ni imwe mu myunyungugu myinshi cyane ku isi. Cellulose yakoreshejwe cyane mu nganda zikora impapuro, imyenda, pulasitiki, ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi, ubuvuzi, ibiribwa n’izindi nganda bitewe n’imiterere yayo yihariye ya molekile, kwangirika kw’ibidukikije ndetse n’imiterere myiza y’umubiri n’imiti.
1. Inganda zikora impapuro
Inganda zikora impapuro ni zo zikoreshwa cyane muri selulosi. Imigozi y'ibimera ishobora gukorwamo impumuro nyuma yo kuvurwa na mashini cyangwa imiti. Selulosi itanga imbaraga no kuramba nk'igice cy'ingenzi muri iki gikorwa. Mu gikorwa cyo gukora impapuro, uburyo amazi anyurwamo, uburyo bworoshye n'imbaraga zo gukurura impapuro bishobora kugenzurwa hakongerwamo inyongeramusaruro za shimi no gukoresha fibre zitandukanye. Kugaragara kw'impapuro zasubiwemo bishimangira cyane uburyo selulosi ikomeza gukoreshwa kandi ishobora kongera gukoreshwa, bigatuma irushaho kuba ingirakamaro mu bikoresho bitangiza ibidukikije.
2. Inganda z'imyenda
Imigozi ya selulosi (nk'ipamba) ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora imyenda nk'ibikoresho by'ibanze mu nganda z'imyenda. Imigozi ya selulosi irimo selulosi irenga 90%, ituma yoroha, ikagira ubwiza buhagije, ihumeka neza kandi ikaba n'indi miterere myiza, ikwiriye gukorwa mu myenda itandukanye. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, imigozi ya selulosi ishobora kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imiti kugira ngo ikore imigozi ya selulosi yavuguruwe nk'imigozi ya viscose n'imigozi ya modal, bikongera ikoreshwa rya selulosi mu nganda z'imyenda. Iyi migozi ntabwo yoroshye gusa kandi iraryoshye, ahubwo inafite imiterere myiza yo kurwanya bagiteri no kubora.
3. Ibinyabutabire bya bioplastic n'ibikoresho bishobora kubora
Selulosi ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora pulasitiki zishobora kubora mu nganda za pulasitiki, ikaba ari imwe mu nzira z'ingenzi z'ubushakashatsi mu gukemura ikibazo cy' "umwanda w'umweru". Mu gutunganya selulosi muri acetate ya selulosi cyangwa eteri ya selulosi, ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora filime za pulasitiki zirinda ibidukikije, ibikoresho byo ku meza, nibindi. Ibi bikoresho bifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kugumana ubuziranenge n'imiterere yabyo, kandi byoroshye kwangirika mu bidukikije karemano, bigabanya ingaruka z'imyanda ya pulasitiki ku bidukikije.
4. Ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi
Mu nganda z'ubwubatsi, selulosi ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora imbaho za sima za fibre, imbaho za gypsum zikomejweho fibre n'ibikoresho byo gukingira ubushyuhe. Guhuza imigozi ya selulosi n'ibindi bikoresho bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwabyo bwo kudakora neza, gukomera kwabyo, no kunoza uburyo bwo gukingira ubushyuhe n'uburyo bwo gukingira amajwi. Urugero, ibikoresho byo gukingira ubushyuhe bya selulosi ni ibikoresho byo gukingira ubushyuhe bitangiza ibidukikije. Mu gushyira ifu ya selulosi cyangwa uduce twa selulosi mu rukuta rw'inyubako, bishobora gukingira ubushyuhe no kugabanya urusaku, kandi imiterere yayo idaterwa n'udukoko ituma ikoreshwa cyane mu bwubatsi.
5. Inganda z'ibiribwa n'imiti
Ibintu bikomoka kuri selulosi nka carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) na methyl cellulose (MC) nabyo bifite akamaro kanini mu nganda z'ibiribwa n'imiti. Carboxymethyl cellulose ikoreshwa cyane nk'ingufu, itera imbaraga no gutera imbaraga mu biribwa, mu gihe methyl cellulose ikoreshwa cyane nk'igabanya ubukana mu binini bitewe nuko ifata neza kandi ikaba ihuza neza n'ibinyabuzima. Byongeye kandi, cellulose ishobora no kongerwa mu biribwa nk'inyunganiramirire kugira ngo ifashe abantu kunoza ubuzima bw'amara.
6. Inganda zikora ubwiza
Selulosi ikunze gukoreshwa nk'umuti ukomeza ubushyuhe n'ubudahangarwa mu kwisiga. Urugero, selulosi isanzwe ya karuboksimetili na selulosi ya microcrystalline bishobora kongera ubukana n'ubudahangarwa bw'amavuta yo kwisiga no kwirinda gutandukanya ibikoresho. Byongeye kandi, kuba selulosi ishobora kwangirika no kudahinduka bituma ikoreshwa mu kwisiga, mu kwisiga no mu kwisiga.
7. Ibikoresho bibungabunga ibidukikije n'ibikoresho biyungurura
Bitewe n'imiterere y'imirongo ifite imyenge n'uburyo selulose inyuzwamo neza, ikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho biyungurura. Uduce twa selulose na nanofibers za selulose bikoreshwa mu kuyungurura umwuka, gutunganya amazi no gutunganya amazi yanduye mu nganda. Ibikoresho biyungurura selulose ntibishobora gukuraho gusa uduce duto duto, ahubwo binashobora gukuramo ibintu byangiza, hamwe n'ibyiza byo gukora neza no kurengera ibidukikije. Byongeye kandi, ubushakashatsi ku ikoreshwa rya nanofibers za selulose butuma igira ubushobozi bukomeye mu nganda ziyungurura no kurengera ibidukikije mu gihe kizaza.
8. Ingufu
Ibinyabutabire bya selulosi nabyo byakuruye ibitekerezo byinshi mu bijyanye n'ingufu. Selulosi ishobora gukora ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa nka bioethanol na biodiesel binyuze mu kwangirika no gushyushya. Ugereranyije n'ingufu za peteroli, ibikomoka ku gutwika by'ingufu za biomasi ntibingiza ibidukikije kandi bihuye n'igitekerezo cy'iterambere rirambye. Ikoranabuhanga mu gukora lisansi ya selulosi riri kugenda ritera imbere buhoro buhoro, ritanga amahirwe mashya yo gukoresha ingufu zisukuye mu gihe kizaza.
9. Gukoresha nanotechnology
Udupira duto twa cellulose (CNF) ni intambwe ikomeye mu bushakashatsi ku bijyanye na cellulose mu myaka ya vuba aha. Bitewe n'imbaraga zazo nyinshi, ubucucike buke no kuba zikora neza mu binyabuzima, zikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho bitandukanye bivanze. Kongeramo utwuma duto twa cellulose bishobora kunoza cyane imiterere y'ibikoresho bivanze, kandi ugereranije n'ibindi bikoresho bivanze, utwuma duto twa cellulose dushobora kongera gukoreshwa kandi dushobora kwangirika, bityo dufite ubushobozi bwinshi mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, sensor, implants zo kwa muganga n'ibikoresho bikora neza.
10. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa no gukoresha inkjet
Mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa no gukoresha inki, ibikomoka kuri selulosi bikoreshwa mu kunoza uburyo wino inyuramo n’uburyo ikwirakwira, bigatuma uburyo bwo gucapa burushaho kuba bumwe. Mu gukoresha inki ikoreshwa mu gucapa inki, selulosi ishobora gutuma amabara arushaho kuba meza kandi asobanutse. Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwo kubona neza no gukomera kwa selulosi bishobora kunoza ubwiza bw’impapuro zacapwe no kugabanya ikwirakwira rya wino, bityo bigatuma ibicuruzwa byacapwe bifite ubwiza bwo hejuru.
Kubera ko cellulose ari ibikoresho bya polymer karemano bishobora kongera gukoreshwa kandi bigapfa, yabaye kimwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi mu nganda zigezweho. Ikoreshwa ryayo ryagutse mu nzego zitandukanye rigaragaza ubwinshi bwayo n'uburyo ibungabunga ibidukikije, kandi rigateza imbere impinduka mu nganda nyinshi. Mu gihe kizaza, hamwe n'iterambere rihoraho rya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga hamwe n'iterambere rya nanotechnology ya cellulose, ikoreshwa rya cellulose rizarushaho kuba ritandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-01-2024