Semusanganiswa wepolymer wechisikigo, cellulose ine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana mukugadzira. Inonyanya kubva mumadziro emasero emiti uye ndeimwe yemakemikari eorganic akawanda pasi rose. Cellulose yave ichishandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira mapepa, machira, mapurasitiki, zvinhu zvekuvaka, mishonga, chikafu nedzimwe nzvimbo nekuda kwechimiro chayo chakasiyana chemamorekuru, kuora kwezvakatipoteredza uye hunhu hwakanaka hwemuviri nemakemikari.
1. Indasitiri yekugadzira mapepa
Indasitiri yekugadzira mapepa ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mu cellulose. Fibre yemiti inogona kugadzirwa kuita pulp mushure mekugadzirwa nemakemikari kana nemakemikari. Cellulose inopa simba uye kugara kwenguva refu sechinhu chikuru mukuita uku. Mukuita kwekugadzira mapepa, kunyudzwa kwemvura, kupfava uye simba rekudhonza mapepa zvinogona kudzorwa nekuwedzera makemikari uye kushandisa musanganiswa wakasiyana wefiber. Kubuda kwepepa rakadzokororwa kunowedzera kusimbisa kuchengetedzeka uye kudzokororwa kwecellulose, zvichiita kuti ive inobatsira zvikuru muzvinhu zvisina njodzi kunharaunda.
2. Indasitiri yemachira
Matayi eCellulose (akadai sedonje) anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira machira sezvinhu zvekutanga zveindasitiri yemachira. Matayi edonje ane cellulose inodarika 90%, izvo zvinoita kuti ave akapfava, ane hygroscopic, anofema uye ane zvimwe zvinhu zvakanaka, zvakakodzera kugadzirwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzembatya. Mumakore achangopfuura, matayi ecellulose anogona kugadziriswa nemakemikari kuti agadzire matayi ecellulose akagadziriswazve akadai sematayi eviscose uye matayi emodal, zvichiwedzera kushandiswa kwecellulose muindasitiri yemachira. Matayi aya haasi akapfava chete uye akasununguka, asiwo ane hunhu hwakanaka hwekurwisa mabhakitiriya uye hunoora.
3. Mapurasitiki emuviri nezvinhu zvinoora
Cellulose inogona kushandiswa kugadzira mapurasitiki anogona kuora muindasitiri yepurasitiki, inova imwe yenzira dzakakosha dzekutsvaga kugadzirisa dambudziko re "kusvibiswa kwechena". Nekugadzira cellulose kuita cellulose acetate kana cellulose ether, inogona kushandiswa kugadzira mafirimu epurasitiki ane hushamwari nezvakatipoteredza, ndiro dzetafura, nezvimwewo. Zvinhu izvi zvine kugadzikana kwakasimba kwemakemikari uye hunhu hwepanyama, uye zviri nyore kuora munzvimbo yechisikigo, zvichideredza kukanganisa kwemarara epurasitiki panharaunda yezvakatipoteredza.
4. Zvishandiso zvekuvaka
Muindasitiri yekuvaka, cellulose inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzira mabhodhi esimende efiber, mabhodhi egypsum akasimbiswa nefiber uye zvinhu zvinodzivirira kupisa. Kusanganisa mafiber ecellulose nezvimwe zvinhu kunogona kuwedzera kusimba kwavo, simba rekusunga, uye kuvandudza kusimba kwekupisa uye kusimba kweruzha. Semuenzaniso, zvinhu zvinodzivirira kupisa zvecellulose chinhu chinodzivirira kupisa chine hushamwari kune nharaunda. Nekuisa upfu hwecellulose kana zvidimbu zvecellulose mumadziro echivako, inogona kudzivirira kupisa nekuderedza ruzha, uye hunhu hwayo hwechisikigo hunodzivirira zvipembenene hunoita kuti ishandiswe zvakanyanya mukuvaka.
5. Indasitiri yezvekudya nemishonga
Zvinhu zvinobva mu cellulose zvakaita se carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) uye methyl cellulose (MC) zvine basa rakakosha muindasitiri yezvekudya nedzemishonga. Carboxymethyl cellulose inoshandiswa zvakanyanya sechinhu chinosimbisa, chinosimbisa uye chinosanganisa chikafu, nepo methyl cellulose ichiwanzo shandiswa sechinhu chinoparadzana mumapiritsi nekuda kwekunamira kwayo zvakanaka uye kubatana kwayo. Pamusoro pezvo, cellulose inogonawo kuwedzerwa kuchikafu se fiber yekubatsira vanhu kuvandudza hutano hwedumbu.
6. Indasitiri yezvizoro
Cellulose inowanzo shandiswa sechinosimbisa uye chinosimbisa muzvizoro. Semuenzaniso, common carboxymethyl cellulose uye microcrystalline cellulose zvinogona kuwedzera viscosity uye kugadzikana kwezvizoro uye kudzivirira kupatsanurwa kwezvishandiso. Pamusoro pezvo, kuora uye kusakuvadza kwecellulose kunoita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa muzvizoro zvekuchenesa, zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza ganda uye makeup.
7. Zvinhu zvisina njodzi kune zvakatipoteredza uye zvinhu zvefirita
Nekuda kwechimiro chine maburi uye kunyudzwa kwakanaka kweselulosi, iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya muzvinhu zvekusefa. Cellulose membranes uye cellulose nanofibers zvinoshandiswa mukusefa mhepo, kurapwa kwemvura uye kurapwa kwemvura yakasviba mumaindasitiri. Zvinhu zvekusefa zveselulosi hazvingobvisi zvidimbu zvakamiswa chete, asiwo zvinonyudza zvinhu zvinokuvadza, zvine mabhenefiti ekushanda zvakanyanya uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Pamusoro pezvo, tsvakiridzo yekushandiswa kweselulosi nanofibers inoita kuti ive nekwaniso huru mune ramangwana mumaindasitiri ekusefa nekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza.
8. Simba remagetsi
Cellulose biomass yakakwezvawo kutariswa kukuru mumunda wesimba. Cellulose inogona kugadzira simba rinogona kushandiswazve senge bioethanol nebiodiesel kuburikidza nekuora kwemhepo nekuvirisa. Kana ichienzaniswa nesimba repetrochemical, zvigadzirwa zvesimba rebiomass zvinopisa zvine hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza uye zvinoenderana nepfungwa yebudiriro inoenderera mberi. Tekinoroji yekugadzira cellulose biofuel iri kuvandudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma, ichipa mikana mitsva yesimba rakachena mune ramangwana.
9. Kushandiswa kwe nanotechnology
Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) ibudiriro yakakosha mukutsvagisa kwecellulose mumakore achangopfuura. Nekuda kwesimba rayo guru, density shoma uye biocompatibility yakanaka, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganisa. Kuwedzerwa kwe cellulose nanofibers kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya hunhu hwemuchina wezvinhu zvinosanganisa, uye kana zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinhu zvinosanganisa, cellulose nanofibers dzinogona kuvandudzwa uye kuora, saka dzine mukana mukuru mumidziyo yemagetsi, masensa, maimplants ekurapa uye zvinhu zvinoshanda zvakanyanya.
10. Tekinoroji yekudhinda ne inkjet
Mukudhinda uye tekinoroji ye inkjet, zvinhu zvinobva mu cellulose zvinoshandiswa kuvandudza kuyerera uye kunyungudika kwe inki, zvichiita kuti kudhinda kuve kwakafanana. Mu inki dzekudhinda dze inkjet, cellulose inogona kuita kuti mavara azere uye akajeka. Pamusoro pezvo, kujeka uye simba re cellulose zvinogona kuvandudza mhando yepepa rakadhindwa uye kuderedza kupararira kwe inki, zvichiita kuti zvigadzirwa zvakadhindwa zvive zvemhando yepamusoro.
Sezvinhu zvepolymer zvechisikigo zvinogona kudzokororwa uye kuora, cellulose yave chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemazuva ano. Kushandiswa kwayo kwakasiyana-siyana muminda yakasiyana kunoratidza kusiyana kwayo uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kunokurudzira shanduko yegirini mumaindasitiri mazhinji. Mune ramangwana, nekukura kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi kwesainzi netekinoroji uye kubudirira kwe cellulose nanotechnology, kushandiswa kwe cellulose kuchave kwakasiyana-siyana.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-01-2024