Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC waa nooc ka mid ah ether isku dhafan oo aan ionic ahayn. Si ka duwan ether isku dhafan oo ah ionic methyl carboxymethyl cellulose, kuma falgasho biraha culus. Sababtoo ah saamiga kala duwan ee methoxyl iyo hydroxypropyl ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose iyo viscosities kala duwan, waxaa jira noocyo badan oo leh sifooyin kala duwan, tusaale ahaan, methoxyl sare iyo hydroxypropyl hooseeya Waxqabadkeedu wuxuu u dhow yahay kan methyl cellulose, halka kan methoxyl hooseeya iyo kan hydroxypropyl sare uu u dhow yahay kan hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nooc kasta, inkastoo qadar yar oo kooxda hydroxypropyl ah ama qadar yar oo kooxda methoxyl ah ay ku jirto, waxaa jira farqi weyn oo ku saabsan milmida dareerayaasha dabiiciga ah ama heerkulka flocculation ee xalalka biyaha.
(1) Sifooyinka milmida ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
①Milmida hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ee biyaha Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose dhab ahaantii waa nooc ka mid ah methylcellulose oo lagu beddelay propylene oxide (methoxypropylene), sidaa darteed wali waxay leedahay sifooyin la mid ah methyl cellulose Cellulose waxay leedahay astaamo la mid ah milmida biyaha qabow iyo milmida biyaha kulul. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababtoo ah kooxda hydroxypropyl ee wax laga beddelay, heerkulkeeda jelitaanka ee biyaha kulul ayaa aad uga sarreeya kan methyl cellulose. Tusaale ahaan, dheellitirka xalka biyaha ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose oo leh 2% heerka methoxy ee DS=0.73 iyo hydroxypropyl ee MS=0.46 waa 500 mpa·s 20°C, heerkulkiisa jel-kana wuxuu gaari karaa ku dhawaad 100°C, halka methyl cellulose heerkulka isku midka ah uu yahay qiyaastii 55°C oo keliya. Marka laga hadlayo milmida biyaha, sidoo kale si weyn ayaa loo hagaajiyay. Tusaale ahaan, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose oo la shiiday (qaabka granular 0.2 ~ 0.5mm heerkulkiisu yahay 20°C oo leh 4% dareere biyood ah oo 2pa•s ah ayaa laga iibsan karaa heerkulka qolka, si fudud ayaa loogu milmi karaa biyaha iyada oo aan la qaboojin.
②Milmida hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ee dareeraha dabiiciga ah.Milmida hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ee dareeraha dabiiciga ah ayaa sidoo kale ka wanaagsan tan methylcellulose. Badeecadaha ka sarreeya 2.1, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose oo leh hydroxypropyl MS=1.5~1.8 iyo methoxy DS=0.2~1.0, oo leh heer beddel guud oo ka sarreeya 1.8, ayaa ku milma methanol iyo xalalka ethanol ee aan biyaha lahayn. Dhexdhexaad, iyo thermoplastic iyo biyo-milmida. Waxa kale oo ku milma hydrocarbons-ka chlorine-ka leh sida methylene chloride iyo chloroform, iyo dareerayaasha dabiiciga ah sida acetone, isopropanol iyo alkohol diacetone. Milmida dareeraha dabiiciga ah ayaa ka wanaagsan milmida biyaha.
(2) Arrimaha saameeya dheellitirka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Go'aaminta dheellitirka caadiga ah ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose waa la mid ah nuugayaasha kale ee cellulose, waxaana lagu cabbiraa 20°C iyadoo la adeegsanayo xal biyood ah oo 2% ah sida caadiga ah. Dheefshiidka isla badeecada ayaa kordha marka la kordhiyo fiirsashada. Badeecadaha leh miisaanno molecular oo kala duwan oo isku fiirsasho ah, badeecada leh miisaan molecular oo weyn waxay leedahay dheellitir sare. Xiriirka ay la leedahay heerkulka wuxuu la mid yahay kan methyl cellulose. Marka heerkulku kor u kaco, dheellitirku wuxuu bilaabaa inuu hoos u dhaco, laakiin marka uu gaaro heerkul gaar ah,
Dheef-dhalashada ayaa si lama filaan ah u kacda oo jel-ku wuu dhacaa. Heerkulka jelka ee alaabada dhef-dhalashada oo hooseeya ayaa sarreeya. Waa sarreeyaa. Barta jel-keedu ma aha oo kaliya inay la xiriirto dhef-dhalashada ether, laakiin sidoo kale waxay la xiriirtaa saamiga isku-dhafka ee kooxda methoxyl iyo kooxda hydroxypropyl ee ether iyo cabbirka heerka beddelka guud. Waa in la ogaadaa in hydroxypropyl methylcellulose sidoo kale uu yahay pseudoplastic, xalkeeduna waa mid deggan heerkulka qolka iyada oo aan wax burburin ah ku dhicin dhef-dhalashada marka laga reebo suurtagalnimada dhef-dhalashada enzymatic.
(3) Dulqaadka milixda ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Maadaama hydroxypropyl methylcellulose uu yahay ether aan ionic ahayn, kuma ionizeyo biyaha, si ka duwan ethers-ka kale ee ionic cellulose, Tusaale ahaan, carboxymethyl cellulose waxay la falgashaa ions-ka birta culus waxayna ku soo daadataa xalka. Cusbooyinka guud sida chloride, bromide, phosphate, nitrate, iwm. ma soo daadanayaan marka lagu daro xalkeeda biyaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ku darista milixda waxay saameyn ku leedahay heerkulka flocculation-ka ee xalkeeda biyaha. Marka fiirsashada milixda ay korodho, heerkulka jelku wuu yaraadaa. Marka fiirsashada milixda ay ka hooseyso barta flocculation-ka, viscosity-ga xalka wuxuu u janjeeraa inuu kordho. Sidaa darteed, xaddi gaar ah oo milix ah ayaa lagu daraa. , marka la isticmaalayo, waxay gaari kartaa saameyn dhumuc leh si dhaqaale ahaan. Sidaa darteed, codsiyada qaarkood, waxaa ka wanaagsan in la isticmaalo isku darka cellulose ether iyo milix marka loo eego fiirsashada sare ee xalka ether si loo gaaro saameynta dhumucda.
(4) Aashitada Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose iyo iska caabbinta alkali Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose guud ahaan waa mid u adkeysan karta aashitada iyo alkali, mana saameynayso heerka pH 2~12. Waxay u adkeysan kartaa xaddi cayiman oo aashitada fudud ah, sida aashitada formic, aashitada acetic, citric acid, succinic acid, fosforic acid, boric acid, iwm. Laakiin aashitada xooggan waxay leedahay saameynta yareynta viscosity. Alkalis sida soodhaha caustic, potash caustic iyo biyaha lime ma laha saameyn, laakiin waxay si yar u kordhin karaan viscosity-ga xalka, ka dibna si tartiib tartiib ah ayay u yareyn karaan.
(5) Kala duwanaanshaha hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Xalka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose waxaa lagu qasi karaa isku-dhafka polymer-ka ee biyaha ku milma si uu u noqdo xal isku mid ah oo hufan oo leh dheellitirnaan sare. Isku-dhafkan polymer-ka waxaa ka mid ah polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl acetate, polysilicone, polymethylvinylsiloxane, hydroxyethyl cellulose, iyo methyl cellulose. Isku-dhafka molecular-ka ee dabiiciga ah sida gum arabic, lows bean gum, karaya gum, iwm. sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin iswaafajin wanaagsan oo xalkeeda ah. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose sidoo kale waxaa lagu qasi karaa mannitol ester ama sorbitol ester oo ka samaysan stearic acid ama palmitic acid, waxaana sidoo kale lagu qasi karaa glycerin, sorbitol iyo mannitol, isku-dhafkan waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sidii hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plasticizer ee cellulose.
(6) Ethers-ka cellulose-ka ee aan milmi karin ee biyaha ku milma ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ayaa isku xidhi kara aldehydes dusha sare, si ether-yadan biyaha ku milma ay ugu soo daadanayaan xalka oo ay u noqdaan kuwo aan milmi karin biyaha. Aldehydes-ka sameeya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-ka aan milmi karin waxaa ka mid ah formaldehyde, glyoxal, succinic aldehyde, adipaldehyde, iwm. Marka la isticmaalayo formaldehyde, fiiro gaar ah waa in la siiyaa qiimaha pH ee xalka, kaas oo glyoxal si dhakhso leh uga falceliyo, sidaa darteed glyoxal waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa sidii wakiil isku xidha wax soo saarka warshadaha. Xaddiga noocan ah ee wakiilka isku xidha ee xalka waa 0.2% ~ 10% cufka ether, gaar ahaan 7% ~ 10%, tusaale ahaan, 3.3% ~ 6% glyoxal ayaa ah kan ugu habboon. Guud ahaan, daaweynta
Heerkulku waa 0~30℃, waqtiguna waa 1~120 daqiiqo. Falcelinta isku xidhka ayaa loo baahan yahay in lagu sameeyo xaalado aashito ah. Guud ahaan, xalka marka hore waxaa lagu daraa aashito xoog leh oo aan organic ahayn ama aashito carboxylic organic ah si loogu hagaajiyo pH-ga xalka ilaa 2~6, gaar ahaan inta u dhaxaysa 4~6, ka dibna lagu daro aldehydes si loo fuliyo falgalka isku xidhka. Aashitada la isticmaalay waxay leedahay aashito hydrochloric, aashito sulfuric, aashito fosforic, aashito formic, aashito aashito hydroxyacetic, aashito succinic ama citric acid iwm., halkaas oo lagu talinayo aashito formic ama aashito ...
Biyo 20 ~ 25℃ ah oo loogu talagalay dhaqidda iyo nadiifinta. Marka badeecaddu socoto, walxaha alkaline-ka ah ayaa lagu dari karaa xalka badeecada si loo hagaajiyo pH-ga xalka si uu u noqdo alkaline, badeecaduna si dhakhso ah ayay ugu milmi doontaa xalka. Habkani wuxuu sidoo kale khuseeyaa daaweynta filimka ka dib marka xalka cellulose ether laga dhigo filim si looga dhigo filim aan milmi karin.
(7) Iska caabbinta ensaymka ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose waa aragti ahaan wax ka soo baxa cellulose, sida koox kasta oo anhydroglucose ah, haddii ay jirto koox beddel ah oo si adag isugu xiran, ma fududa in lagu qaadsiiyo microorganisms, laakiin dhab ahaantii badeecada la dhammeeyay Marka qiimaha beddelka uu ka bato 1, waxaa sidoo kale burburin doona ensaymes, taasoo la macno ah in heerka beddelka koox kasta oo ku jirta silsiladda cellulose uusan ahayn mid isku mid ah, microorganisms-kuna waxay ku burburi karaan kooxda anhydroglucose ee aan la beddelin si ay u sameeyaan sonkor, maadaama nafaqooyinka microorganisms-ku ay nuugaan. Sidaa darteed, haddii heerka beddelka etherification ee cellulose uu kordho, iska caabbinta nabaad-guurka ensaymka ee cellulose ether sidoo kale way kordhi doontaa. Sida laga soo xigtay warbixinnada, xaaladaha la xakameeyey, natiijooyinka hydrolysis-ka ee ensaymes-ka, dheellitirka haraaga ah ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (DS=1.9) waa 13.2%, methylcellulose (DS=1.83) waa 7.3%, methylcellulose (DS=1.66) waa 3.8%, hydroxyethyl cellulose waa 1.7%. Waxaa la arki karaa in hydroxypropyl methylcellulose uu leeyahay awood xooggan oo ka hortagga ensaym-ka. Sidaa darteed, iska caabbinta ensaym-ka ee hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, oo ay weheliso sifooyinkeeda firfircoon ee kala firdhisan, dhumucda iyo sameynta filimada, ayaa loo isticmaalaa dahaarka emulsion-ka biyaha, iwm., guud ahaanna uma baahna in lagu daro ilaaliyayaal. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kaydinta muddada dheer ee xalka ama wasakhda suurtagalka ah ee ka timaadda dibadda, ilaaliyayaasha waxaa lagu dari karaa taxaddar ahaan, doorashadana waxaa lagu go'aamin karaa iyadoo loo eegayo shuruudaha kama dambaysta ah ee xalka. Phenylmercuric acetate iyo manganese fluorosilicate waa ilaaliyayaal wax ku ool ah, laakiin dhammaantood waxay leeyihiin sun, waa in fiiro gaar ah loo yeesho qalliinka. Guud ahaan, 1 ~ 5mg oo phenylmercury acetate ah ayaa lagu dari karaa xalka halkii litir ee qiyaasta.
(8) Waxqabadka filimka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose wuxuu leeyahay sifooyin filim sameeye oo heer sare ah. Xalkiisa biyaha ama xalka dareeraha dabiiciga ah waxaa lagu dahaadhay saxan galaas ah, wuxuuna noqdaa mid aan midab lahayn oo hufan ka dib marka la qalajiyo. Iyo filim adag. Waxay leedahay iska caabin qoyaan oo wanaagsan waxayna sii ahaanaysaa mid adag heerkulka sare. Haddii lagu daro balaastikada hygroscopic, dheereynteeda iyo dabacsanaanteeda waa la kordhin karaa. Marka la eego hagaajinta dabacsanaanta, balaastikada sida glycerin iyo sorbitol ayaa ah kuwa ugu habboon. Guud ahaan, fiirsashada xalka waa 2% ~ 3%, xaddiga balaastikada waa 10% ~ 20% ee ether cellulose. Haddii maadada balaastikada uu aad u sarreeyo, yaraanta fuuqbaxa kolloidal waxay dhici doontaa qoyaan sare. Xoogga jiidista filimka oo leh
Balaastifier-ka lagu daray aad ayuu uga weyn yahay kan aan lahayn balaastifier, wuxuuna kordhaa marka la kordhiyo qaddarka lagu daray. Marka laga hadlayo hygroscopicity-ga filimka, wuxuu sidoo kale kordhaa marka la kordhiyo xaddiga balaastifier-ka.
Waqtiga boostada: Noofambar-24-2022