Njirimara nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC bụ ụdị ether agwakọtara cellulose na-abụghị ionic. N'adịghị ka ether agwakọtara ionic methyl carboxymethyl cellulose, ọ naghị emeghachi omume na ọla dị arọ. N'ihi oke dị iche iche nke ọdịnaya methoxyl na ọdịnaya hydroxypropyl na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na viscosities dị iche iche, enwere ọtụtụ ụdị nwere ihe onwunwe dị iche iche, dịka ọmụmaatụ, oke methoxyl na obere ọdịnaya hydroxypropyl. Arụmọrụ ya dị nso na nke methyl cellulose, ebe nke obere ọdịnaya methoxyl na nnukwu ọdịnaya hydroxypropyl dị nso na nke hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. Agbanyeghị, n'ụdị ọ bụla, ọ bụ ezie na naanị obere ọnụọgụ hydroxypropyl ma ọ bụ obere ọnụọgụ nke otu methoxyl dị, enwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị na mgbaze na ihe mgbaze organic ma ọ bụ okpomọkụ flocculation na mmiri mmiri.

(1) Àgwà mgbaze nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

①Mgbaze nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose n'ime mmiri Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bụ n'ezie ụdị methylcellulose nke propylene oxide (methoxypropylene) gbanwere, yabụ ọ ka nwere otu ihe ndị yiri ya dị ka methyl cellulose Cellulose nwere ihe ndị yiri ya nke ịgbaze mmiri oyi na enweghị ike ịgbaze mmiri ọkụ. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi otu hydroxypropyl agbanwere agbanwe, okpomọkụ ịgbaze ya na mmiri ọkụ dị elu karịa nke methyl cellulose. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, viscosity nke mmiri mmiri hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nwere ogo nnọchi methoxy 2% DS=0.73 na hydroxypropyl ọdịnaya MS=0.46 bụ 500 mpa·s na 20°C, yana okpomọkụ gel ya Ọ nwere ike iru ihe dị ka 100°C, ebe methyl cellulose na otu okpomọkụ ahụ bụ naanị ihe dị ka 55°C. Banyere ịgbaze ya na mmiri, emekwara ka ọ ka mma nke ukwuu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ike ịzụta hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nke a gbazere agbaze (ụdị granular 0.2 ~ 0.5mm na 20°C yana viscosity mmiri mmiri 4% nke 2pa•s na okpomọkụ ụlọ, ọ na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na mmiri na-enweghị oyi.

②Mgbaze nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na ihe mgbaze organic. Mgbaze nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na ihe mgbaze organic dịkwa mma karịa nke methylcellulose. Maka ngwaahịa karịrị 2.1, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose dị elu nke nwere hydroxypropyl MS=1.5~1.8 na methoxy DS=0.2~1.0, yana oke nnọchi n'elu 1.8, na-agbaze na methanol na ethanol anhydrous Medium, na thermoplastic na mmiri-agbaze. Ọ na-agbazekwa na hydrocarbons chlorine dị ka methylene chloride na chloroform, na ihe mgbaze organic dị ka acetone, isopropanol na diacetone alcohol. Mgbaze ya na ihe mgbaze organic dị mma karịa ịgbaze mmiri.

(2) Ihe Ndị Na-emetụta Ọbara Mmiri hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Mkpebi Ọbara Mmiri hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bụ otu ihe ahụ dịka ọbara mmiri ndị ọzọ, a na-atụkwa ya na 20°C site na iji mmiri 2% dịka ọkọlọtọ. Ọbara Mmiri nke otu ngwaahịa ahụ na-abawanye ka mmụba nke ọbara mmiri ahụ si dị. Maka ngwaahịa nwere ibu molekul dị iche iche n'otu ọbara mmiri ahụ, ngwaahịa nwere ibu molekul buru ibu nwere viscosity dị elu. Mmekọrịta ya na okpomọkụ yiri nke methyl cellulose. Mgbe okpomọkụ ahụ rịrị elu, viscosity na-amalite ibelata, mana mgbe ọ ruru okpomọkụ ụfọdụ,

Ọbara na-ebili na mberede ma ọ na-apụta na-apụta. Okpomọkụ gel nke ngwaahịa viscosity dị ala dị elu. Ọ dị elu. Isi gel ya abụghị naanị na viscosity nke ether, kamakwa ọ metụtara oke nhazi nke otu methoxyl na otu hydroxypropyl na ether na nha nke ọkwa nnọchi zuru oke. A ghaghị ịmara na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bụkwa pseudoplastic, ngwọta ya kwụsiri ike na okpomọkụ ụlọ na-enweghị mmebi ọ bụla na viscosity ma e wezụga ohere nke mmebi enzymatic.

(3) Nnu nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Ebe ọ bụ na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bụ ether na-abụghị ionic, ọ naghị ionize na mmiri, n'adịghị ka ethers ionic cellulose ndị ọzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, carboxymethyl cellulose na-emeghachi omume na ion metal dị arọ ma na-apụta na mmiri ahụ. Nnu izugbe dịka chloride, bromide, phosphate, nitrate, wdg. agaghị apụta mgbe etinyere ya na mmiri ya. Agbanyeghị, mgbakwunye nke nnu nwere mmetụta ụfọdụ na okpomọkụ flocculation nke mmiri ya. Mgbe ntinye nnu na-abawanye, okpomọkụ gel na-ebelata. Mgbe ntinye nnu dị n'okpuru ebe flocculation, viscosity nke mmiri ahụ na-abawanye. Ya mere, a na-agbakwunye ụfọdụ nnu. , na ntinye, ọ nwere ike nweta mmetụta thickening n'ụzọ akụ na ụba. Ya mere, na ụfọdụ ojiji, ọ ka mma iji ngwakọta nke cellulose ether na nnu karịa ntinye elu nke mmiri ether iji nweta mmetụta thickening.

(4) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acid na alkali na-eguzogide Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na-adịkarịgide na asịd na alkalis, ọ naghịkwa emetụta ya na oke pH 2~12. Ọ nwere ike iguzogide ụfọdụ asịd Light, dị ka formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid, wdg. Mana acid concentrated nwere mmetụta nke ibelata viscosity. Alkalis dị ka caustic soda, caustic potash na mmiri lime enweghị mmetụta ọ bụla na ya, mana ha nwere ike ịbawanye viscosity nke ngwọta ahụ ntakịrị, wee belata ya nwayọ.

(5) Enwere ike ịgwakọta ngwakọta nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na ngwakọta polymer mmiri na-agbaze iji bụrụ ngwọta otu na nke doro anya nke nwere viscosity dị elu. Ngwakọta polymer ndị a gụnyere polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl acetate, polysilicone, polymethylvinylsiloxane, hydroxyethyl cellulose, na methyl cellulose. Ngwakọta molekul dị elu dịka gum arabic, locust bean gum, karaya gum, wdg. nwekwara ezigbo ndakọrịta na ngwọta ya. Enwere ike ịgwakọta Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na mannitol ester ma ọ bụ sorbitol ester nke stearic acid ma ọ bụ palmitic acid, enwere ike ịgwakọta ya na glycerin, sorbitol na mannitol, enwere ike iji ngwakọta ndị a dị ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plasticizer maka cellulose.

(6) Ether cellulose nke na-agbaze mmiri nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nwere ike ijikọ ya na aldehydes n'elu, nke mere na ether ndị a na-agbaze mmiri na-abanye n'ime mmiri ma ghara ịgbaze na mmiri. Aldehydes ndị na-eme ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ghara ịgbaze gụnyere formaldehyde, glyoxal, succinic aldehyde, adipaldehyde, wdg. Mgbe ị na-eji formaldehyde, a ga-elebara anya nke ọma na uru pH nke mmiri ahụ, nke glyoxal na-eme ngwa ngwa, yabụ a na-ejikarị glyoxal eme ihe dị ka ihe na-ejikọ ihe na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ. Ọnụọgụ nke ụdị ihe na-ejikọ ihe na mmiri a dị na mmiri ahụ bụ 0.2% ~ 10% nke oke ether, ọkachasị 7% ~ 10%, dịka ọmụmaatụ, 3.3% ~ 6% nke glyoxal bụ nke kacha mma. N'ozuzu, ọgwụgwọ ahụ

Okpomọkụ bụ 0~30℃, oge ya bụ nkeji 1~120. A ga-eme mmeghachi omume njikọta n'okpuru ọnọdụ acid. N'ozuzu, a na-ebu ụzọ tinye ngwọta ahụ na acid siri ike ma ọ bụ organic carboxylic acid iji gbanwee pH nke ngwọta ahụ ruo ihe dị ka 2~6, ọkacha mma n'etiti 4~6, wee tinye aldehydes iji mee mmeghachi omume njikọta. Acid ejiri mee ihe nwere hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, hydroxyacetic acid, succinic acid ma ọ bụ citric acid wdg, ebe ọ dị mma ka e jiri formic acid ma ọ bụ acetic acid, formic acid dịkwa mma. Enwere ike itinye acid na aldehyde n'otu oge iji kwe ka ngwọta ahụ nwee mmeghachi omume njikọta n'ime oke pH achọrọ. A na-ejikarị mmeghachi omume a eme ihe na usoro ọgwụgwọ ikpeazụ na usoro nkwadebe nke cellulose ethers. Mgbe cellulose ether anaghị agbaze, ọ dị mfe iji.

Mmiri 20 ~ 25℃ maka ịsacha na ịsacha. Mgbe a na-eji ngwaahịa a, enwere ike itinye ihe alkaline na mmiri nke ngwaahịa ahụ iji gbanwee pH nke mmiri ahụ ka ọ bụrụ alkaline, ngwaahịa ahụ ga-agbazekwa na mmiri ahụ ngwa ngwa. Usoro a dịkwa irè maka ọgwụgwọ nke ihe nkiri ahụ mgbe emechara ihe ngwọta cellulose ether ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri iji mee ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri na-anaghị agbaze.

(7) Nguzogide enzyme nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bụ ihe ndị sitere na cellulose n'echiche, dịka otu anhydroglucose ọ bụla, ọ bụrụ na enwere otu nnọchi siri ike, ọ dịghị mfe ibute ọrịa site na nje bacteria, mana n'eziokwu, ngwaahịa emechara. Mgbe uru nnọchi gafere 1, enzymes ga-emebikwa ya, nke pụtara na ogo nnọchi nke otu ọ bụla na yinye cellulose adịghị otu, nje bacteria nwekwara ike imebi na otu anhydroglucose a na-edoghị anya iji mepụta shuga, dị ka ihe oriri maka nje bacteria iji na-amịkọrọ. Ya mere, ọ bụrụ na ogo nnọchi etherification nke cellulose abawanye, nguzogide enzymatic nke cellulose ether ga-abawanyekwa. Dịka akụkọ si kwuo, n'okpuru ọnọdụ a na-achịkwa, nsonaazụ hydrolysis nke enzymes, viscosity fọdụrụ nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (DS=1.9) bụ 13.2%, methylcellulose (DS=1.83) bụ 7.3%, methylcellulose (DS=1.66) bụ 3.8%, na hydroxyethyl cellulose bụ 1.7%. A pụrụ ịhụ na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nwere ikike mgbochi enzyme siri ike. Ya mere, a na-eji ezigbo enzyme resistance nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, yana ezigbo mgbasa ya, ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị arọ na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe nkiri, eme ihe na mkpuchi mmiri-emulsion, wdg, ọ dịghịkwa mkpa ịgbakwunye ihe nchekwa. Agbanyeghị, maka nchekwa ogologo oge nke ngwọta ahụ ma ọ bụ mmetọ nwere ike ime site na mpụga, enwere ike itinye ihe nchekwa dị ka ihe nchekwa, a pụkwara ikpebi nhọrọ ahụ dịka ihe ikpeazụ achọrọ maka ngwọta ahụ si dị. Phenylmercuric acetate na manganese fluorosilicate bụ ihe nchekwa dị irè, mana ha niile nwere Toxicity, a ga-elebara ọrụ ahụ anya. N'ozuzu, enwere ike itinye 1 ~ 5mg nke phenylmercury acetate na ngwọta kwa lita nke dose ahụ.

(8) Arụmọrụ nke ihe nkiri hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nwere ihe ndị na-emepụta fim dị mma. A na-ekpuchi mmiri mmiri ma ọ bụ ihe ngwọta organic ya na efere iko, ọ na-aghọkwa ihe na-enweghị agba na ìhè mgbe ọ kpọrọ nkụ. Ihe nkiri siri ike. Ọ nwere ezigbo iguzogide mmiri ma na-anọgide na-esi ike na okpomọkụ dị elu. Ọ bụrụ na etinyere plasticizer hygroscopic, enwere ike ịbawanye ogologo ya na mgbanwe ya. Maka imeziwanye mgbanwe, ihe ndị na-eme ka plasticizer dị ka glycerin na sorbitol kacha mma. N'ozuzu, ntinye nke ihe ngwọta bụ 2% ~ 3%, ọnụọgụ nke plasticizer bụ 10% ~ 20% nke cellulose ether. Ọ bụrụ na ọdịnaya nke plasticizer dị oke elu, mbelata mmiri mmiri colloidal ga-eme na oke iru mmiri. Ike nrụgide nke ihe nkiri ahụ na

Ihe e tinyere na plasticizer buru ibu karịa nke ahụ na-enweghị plasticizer, ọ na-abawanyekwa ka ego agbakwunyere na-abawanye. Banyere hygroscopicity nke ihe nkiri ahụ, ọ na-abawanyekwa ka ego plastikizer na-abawanye.