Kaʻina Hana Hana Cellulose Ether

He mau mea maʻalahi nā cellulose ethers i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻano ʻoihana like ʻole e like me ke kūkulu ʻana, nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka meaʻai. He paʻakikī loa ke kaʻina hana o ka cellulose ether, pili i nā ʻanuʻu he nui, a koi i ka nui o ka ʻike loea a me nā lako kūikawā. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e kūkākūkā mākou i nā kikoʻī i ke kaʻina hana o ka cellulose ethers.

ʻO ka hana mua i ke kaʻina hana hana cellulose ether ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea maka. ʻO nā mea maka i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā cellulose ethers mai ka pulp lāʻau a me ka pulupulu ʻōpala. Ua ʻokiʻoki ʻia ka pulp lāʻau a ua kānana ʻia e wehe i nā ʻōpala nui, ʻoiai ua hana ʻia ka ʻōpala pulupulu i pulp maikaʻi. A laila ua hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka pulp ma ka wili ʻana e loaʻa ai ka pauka maikaʻi. A laila ua hui pū ʻia ka pulp lāʻau pauka a me ka pulupulu ʻōpala ma nā ʻāpana kikoʻī e pili ana i nā waiwai i makemake ʻia o ka huahana hope loa.

ʻO ka hana aʻe e pili ana i ka hana kemika o ka feedstock i hui ʻia. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻia ka pulp me kahi hopena alkaline (ʻo ka sodium hydroxide maʻamau) e wāwahi i ke ʻano fibrous o ka cellulose. A laila mālama ʻia ka cellulose hopena me kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe e like me ke kalapona disulfide e hana i ka cellulose xanthate. Hana ʻia kēia hana i loko o nā pahu me ka lako mau o ka pulp. A laila hoʻopuka ʻia ka hopena cellulose xanthate ma o kahi mea extrusion e hana i nā filaments.

Ma hope iho, ua milo ʻia nā filaments cellulose xanthate i loko o kahi ʻauʻau e loaʻa ana ka waikawa sulfuric dilute. ʻO ka hopena o kēia, ʻo ia ka hana hou ʻana o nā kaulahao cellulose xanthate, e hana ana i nā olonā cellulose. A laila holoi ʻia nā olonā cellulose i hana hou ʻia me ka wai e wehe i nā mea haumia ma mua o ka hoʻokeʻokeʻo ʻia ʻana. Hoʻohana ke kaʻina hana hoʻokeʻokeʻo i ka hydrogen peroxide e hoʻokeʻokeʻo i nā olonā cellulose, a laila holoi ʻia me ka wai a waiho ʻia e maloʻo.

Ma hope o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻia ʻana o nā olonā cellulose, hana lākou i kahi kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo etherification. Pili ke kaʻina hana etherification i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā hui ether, e like me nā hui methyl, ethyl a i ʻole hydroxyethyl, i loko o nā olonā cellulose. Hana ʻia ke ʻano hana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hopena o kahi mea etherification a me kahi mea hoʻoulu waikawa i ke alo o kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe. Hana pinepine ʻia nā hopena ma lalo o nā kūlana i kāohi pono ʻia o ka mahana a me ke kaomi e hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā huahana kiʻekiʻe a me ka maʻemaʻe.

I kēia manawa, ua like ke ʻano o ka pauka keʻokeʻo me ka cellulose ether. A laila, ua hoʻokō ʻia ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia i kekahi mau hoʻāʻo hoʻomalu maikaʻi e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o ka huahana i nā makemake a me nā kikoʻī i makemake ʻia, e like me ka viscosity, ka maʻemaʻe o ka huahana a me ka nui o ka makū. A laila ua hoʻopili ʻia a hoʻouna ʻia i ka mea hoʻohana hope loa.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ʻo ke kaʻina hana o ka cellulose ether e komo pū ana me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea maka, ka mālama kemika, ka milo ʻana, ka hoʻokeʻokeʻo ʻana a me ka etherification, a ukali ʻia e ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka maikaʻi. Pono ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa i nā lako hana kūikawā a me ka ʻike o nā hopena kemika a hana ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana i kāohi paʻa ʻia. He hana paʻakikī a lōʻihi ka hana ʻana i nā cellulose ethers, akā he mea nui ia i nā ʻoihana he nui.