Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-cellulose, futhi yiziphi umehluko ekusetshenzisweni kwazo?

I-Cellulose iyi-polymer yemvelo eguquguqukayo futhi eningi etholakala ezindongeni zamaseli ezitshalo, enikeza ukwesekwa kwesakhiwo kanye nokuqina. Yakhiwe ngamayunithi e-glucose axhunywe ndawonye ngezibopho ze-β-1,4-glycosidic. Ngenkathi i-cellulose ngokwayo iyinto efanayo, indlela ehlelwe futhi icutshungulwa ngayo iphumela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene ezinezakhiwo ezahlukene kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza.

1. I-Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC):

I-MCCkukhiqizwa ngokwelapha imicu ye-cellulose ngama-mineral acid, okuholela ezinhlayiyeni ezincane, ezikristalu.
Ukusetshenziswa: Isetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-ejenti yokuhlanganisa, i-binder, kanye ne-disintegrant ekwakhiweni kwemithi efana namathebulethi nama-capsule. Ngenxa yemvelo yayo yokungangeni kanye nokucindezelwa okuhle kakhulu, i-MCC iqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwemithi okufanayo futhi yenza kube lula ukukhishwa kwemithi.

2. I-Cellulose Acetate:

I-cellulose acetate itholakala ngokuhlanganisa i-acetylating cellulose nge-acetic anhydride noma i-acetic acid.
Ukusetshenziswa: Lolu hlobo lwe-cellulose luvame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwemicu yezindwangu, okuhlanganisa izingubo kanye ne-upholstery. Luphinde lusetshenziswe ekwenziweni kwezihlungi zikagwayi, ifilimu yezithombe, kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-membrane ngenxa yemvelo yalo yokungena kancane.

3. I-Ethylcellulose:

I-ethylcellulose itholakala ku-cellulose ngokuyiphendula nge-ethyl chloride noma i-ethylene oxide.
Ukusetshenziswa: Izakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zokwakha ifilimu kanye nokumelana nezinyibilikisi eziphilayo kwenza i-ethylcellulose ifanelekele ukumboza amaphilisi emithi, ihlinzeka ngokukhishwa okulawulwayo kwemithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni uyinki, izinamathiseli, kanye nezimbozo ezikhethekile.

4. I-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC):

I-HPMCKwenziwa ngokufaka amaqembu e-hydroxyl e-cellulose esikhundleni samaqembu e-methyl kanye ne-hydroxypropyl.
Ukusetshenziswa: I-HPMC isebenza njengesithambisi, isiqinisi, kanye ne-emulsifier ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukudla, izimonyo, kanye nemithi. Ivame ukutholakala emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu efana nama-lotion, okhilimu, kanye namafutha okugcoba, kanye nasezisetshenzisweni zokudla ezifana nama-sauce, ama-dressing, kanye ne-ayisikhilimu.

5. I-Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC):

I-CMC ikhiqizwa ngokwelapha i-cellulose nge-chloroacetic acid kanye ne-alkali.
Ukusetshenziswa: Ngenxa yokuncibilika kwayo emanzini amaningi kanye nezakhiwo zayo zokuqina,I-CMCisetshenziswa kakhulu njengesithambisi kanye nokuguqula i-viscosity emikhiqizweni yokudla, emithini yezokwelapha, kanye nezicelo zezimboni. Ivame ukutholakala ezinhlotsheni ezibhakiwe, emikhiqizweni yobisi, emithi yokuxubha amazinyo, kanye nasezinhlotsheni zokuhlanza.

6. I-Nitrocellulose:

I-Nitrocellulose ikhiqizwa yi-nitrating cellulose ngengxube ye-nitric acid ne-sulfuric acid.
Ukusetshenziswa: Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni izinto eziqhumayo, ama-lacquers, kanye nepulasitiki ye-celluloid. Ama-lacquers asekelwe kwi-nitrocellulose athandwa kakhulu ekuqedeni ukhuni kanye nezingubo zezimoto ngenxa yokomisa kwawo ngokushesha kanye nezakhiwo zawo ezikhazimulayo kakhulu.

7. I-Cellulose Yebhaktheriya:

I-cellulose yamagciwane yenziwa izinhlobo ezithile zamagciwane ngokubilisa.
Ukusetshenziswa: Izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele, okuhlanganisa ubumsulwa obuphezulu, amandla okuthamba, kanye nokuhambisana kwezinto eziphilayo, kwenza i-bacterial cellulose ibe usizo ekusetshenzisweni kwezokwelapha njenge-wound dressing, i-tissue engineering scaffolds, kanye nezinhlelo zokulethwa kwemithi.

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-cellulose zinikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zezicelo kuzo zonke izimboni ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa imithi, izindwangu, ukudla, izimonyo, kanye nokukhiqiza. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezakhiwo ezihlukile ezenza lufanelekele ukusetshenziswa okuthile, kusukela ekuhlinzekeni ukwesekwa kwesakhiwo kumaphilisi emithi kuya ekuthuthukiseni ukuthungwa kwemikhiqizo yokudla noma ukukhonza njengendlela ehlukile eqhubekayo ku-biotechnology. Ukuqonda lokhu mehluko kwenza ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo ze-cellulose okulungiselelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zokusebenza ezinhlelweni ezahlukene.