Pali mitundu ingapo ya cellulose, ndipo kodi kusiyana kwake ndi kotani?

Cellulose ndi polima yachilengedwe yosinthasintha komanso yochuluka yomwe imapezeka m'makoma a maselo a zomera, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kapangidwe kake kakhale kolimba komanso kolimba. Imapangidwa ndi mayunitsi a shuga olumikizidwa pamodzi kudzera mu ma bond a β-1,4-glycosidic. Ngakhale kuti cellulose yokha ndi chinthu chofanana, momwe imakonzedwera ndikukonzedwa imabweretsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi makhalidwe ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

1. Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC):

MCCAmapangidwa pochiza ulusi wa cellulose ndi ma mineral acid, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ngati makristalo.
Ntchito: Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chowonjezera, chomangira, komanso chosungunula mankhwala m'njira zopangira mankhwala monga mapiritsi ndi makapisozi. Chifukwa cha kusagwira ntchito bwino komanso kupanikizika bwino, MCC imatsimikizira kufalikira kwa mankhwala mofanana komanso imathandizira kutulutsa mankhwala.

2. Cetacetate ya Cellulose:

Cellulose acetate imapezeka mwa kuphatikiza cellulose ndi acetylating anhydride kapena acetic acid.
Ntchito: Mtundu uwu wa cellulose umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ulusi wa nsalu, kuphatikizapo zovala ndi mipando. Umagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga zosefera za ndudu, filimu yojambulira zithunzi, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nembanemba chifukwa chakuti umalowa pang'ono.

3. Ethylcellulose:

Ethylcellulose imachokera ku cellulose poigwirizanitsa ndi ethyl chloride kapena ethylene oxide.
Ntchito: Mphamvu zake zabwino kwambiri zopangira filimu komanso kukana zinthu zosungunulira zachilengedwe zimapangitsa ethylcellulose kukhala yoyenera kuphimba mapiritsi a mankhwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mankhwala azitulutsidwa bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga inki, zomatira, ndi zomatira zapadera.

4.Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC):

HPMCAmapangidwa mwa kusintha magulu a hydroxyl a cellulose ndi magulu a methyl ndi hydroxypropyl.
Ntchito: HPMC imagwira ntchito ngati chokhuthala, chokhazikika, komanso chosakaniza zinthu m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo chakudya, zodzoladzola, ndi mankhwala. Imapezeka kwambiri m'zinthu zosamalira thupi monga mafuta odzola, mafuta odzola, ndi mafuta odzola, komanso m'zakudya monga sosi, zodzoladzola, ndi ayisikilimu.

5. Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC):

CMC imapangidwa pochiza cellulose ndi chloroacetic acid ndi alkali.
Ntchito: Chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwa madzi ambiri komanso kukhuthala kwake,CMCimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chowongolera chokhazikika komanso chowongolera kukhuthala kwa thupi mu zakudya, mankhwala, ndi mafakitale. Imapezeka kwambiri mu zinthu zophikidwa, mkaka, mankhwala otsukira mano, ndi sopo.

6. Nitrocellulose:

Nitrocellulose imapangidwa ndi nitrating cellulose yokhala ndi chisakanizo cha nitric acid ndi sulfuric acid.
Ntchito: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga zinthu zophulika, ma lacquers, ndi mapulasitiki a celluloid. Ma lacquers ochokera ku nitrocellulose ndi otchuka kwambiri pomaliza matabwa ndi zophimba zamagalimoto chifukwa cha kuumitsa kwawo mwachangu komanso mawonekedwe awo owala kwambiri.

7. Cellulose ya bakiteriya:

Maselo a bakiteriya amapangidwa ndi mitundu ina ya mabakiteriya kudzera mu kuwiritsa.
Ntchito: Makhalidwe ake apadera, kuphatikizapo kuyera kwambiri, mphamvu yokoka, komanso kugwirizana kwa zinthu, zimapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya azikhala ofunika kwambiri pa ntchito zachipatala monga mabala omangira, ma scaffolds opangira minofu, ndi njira zoperekera mankhwala.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cellulose imapereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mankhwala, nsalu, chakudya, zodzoladzola, ndi kupanga. Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi zinthu zapadera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ukhale woyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira inayake, kuyambira kupereka chithandizo cha kapangidwe ka mapiritsi a mankhwala mpaka kukulitsa kapangidwe ka zakudya kapena kukhala njira ina yokhazikika mu biotechnology. Kumvetsetsa kusiyana kumeneku kumathandiza kusankha mitundu ya cellulose moyenera kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira zinazake pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana.