I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), njenge-derivative evamile ye-cellulose, isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni, kwezemithi, ekudleni, kumakhemikhali ansuku zonke nakwezinye izimboni. Ikhwalithi ye-HPMC ihlulelwa kakhulu ngezici zezakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali, ukusebenza kahle kanye nomphumela wokusetshenziswa.
1. Ukubukeka nombala
I-HPMC ivame ukuba impuphu noma ama-granule amhlophe noma amhlophe qwa. Uma kukhona ushintsho olukhulu lombala, njengokushintsha kombala, ukuba mpunga, njll., kungasho ukuthi ubumsulwa bayo abuphezulu noma ingcolile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufana kobukhulu bezinhlayiya kubonisa nezinga lokulawula lenqubo yokukhiqiza. Izinhlayiya ezinhle ze-HPMC kufanele zisatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kokuhlangana okusobala noma ukungcola.
2. Ukuhlolwa kokuncibilika
I-HPMC inokuncibilika okuhle kwamanzi, okuyisibonakaliso esibalulekile sokwahlulela ikhwalithi yayo. Ngokuhlolwa okulula kokuncibilika, ukuncibilika kwayo kanye nokuthamba kwayo kungahlolwa. Izinyathelo zimi kanje:
Thatha inani elincane lempuphu ye-HPMC, uyifake kancane kancane emanzini abandayo noma emanzini okushisa kwegumbi, bese uqaphela inqubo yayo yokuncibilika. I-HPMC esezingeni eliphezulu kufanele ihlakazwe ngokulinganayo ngesikhathi esifushane ngaphandle kwemvula ecacile, bese ekugcineni yakhe isixazululo se-colloidal esibonakalayo noma esinamafu kancane.
Izinga lokuncibilika kwe-HPMC lihlobene nesakhiwo sayo sama-molecule, izinga lokushintshana, kanye nokuhlanzeka kwenqubo. I-HPMC esezingeni eliphansi ingancibilika kancane futhi kalula yakhe ama-clots okunzima ukuwabolisa.
3. Ukulinganiswa kokuqina
Ukuqina kungenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zekhwalithi ye-HPMC. Ukuqina kwayo emanzini kuthintwa yisisindo sama-molecule kanye nezinga lokushintshana, futhi ngokuvamile kulinganiswa nge-viscometer ejikelezayo noma i-viscometer ye-capillary. Indlela ethile iwukuncibilikisa inani elithile le-HPMC emanzini, ukulungiselela isixazululo sokuhlushwa okuthile, bese ulinganisa ukuqina kwesisombululo. Ngokusho kwedatha ye-viscosis, kungahlulelwa ukuthi:
Uma inani le-viscosity liphansi kakhulu, kungasho ukuthi isisindo sama-molecule sincane noma sehlile ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza;
Uma inani le-viscosity liphezulu kakhulu, kungasho ukuthi isisindo sama-molecule sikhulu kakhulu noma ukushintshwa akulingani.
4. Ukutholwa kobumsulwa
Ubumsulwa be-HPMC buzothinta ngqo ukusebenza kwayo. Imikhiqizo enokuhlanzeka okuphansi ivame ukuqukatha izinsalela noma ukungcola okwengeziwe. Isinqumo sokuqala singenziwa ngezindlela ezilula ezilandelayo:
Ukuhlolwa kwezinsalela ekushisweni: Faka inani elincane lesampula ye-HPMC esithandweni sokushisa okuphezulu bese usishisa. Inani lezinsalela lingabonisa okuqukethwe usawoti ongaphili kanye nama-ion ensimbi. Izinsalela ze-HPMC ezisezingeni eliphezulu kufanele zibe zincane kakhulu.
Ukuhlolwa kwenani le-pH: Thatha inani elifanele le-HPMC bese ulincibilikisa emanzini, bese usebenzisa iphepha lokuhlola le-pH noma imitha ye-pH ukukala inani le-pH lesisombululo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, isixazululo samanzi se-HPMC kufanele sisondele ekungathathi hlangothi. Uma sine-acidic noma i-alkaline, kungase kube nokungcola noma imikhiqizo engaphansi kwaleso sixazululo.
5. Izakhiwo zokushisa kanye nokuqina kokushisa
Ngokufudumeza isampula ye-HPMC, ukuzinza kwayo kokushisa kungabonakala. I-HPMC esezingeni eliphezulu kufanele ibe nokuzinza okuphezulu kokushisa ngesikhathi sokushisa futhi akufanele ibole noma yehluleke ngokushesha. Izinyathelo ezilula zokuhlola ukusebenza kokushisa zifaka:
Shisa inani elincane lesampula epuletini elishisayo bese uqaphela izinga layo lokuncibilika kanye nokushisa kokubola.
Uma isampula iqala ukubola noma ukushintsha umbala ekushiseni okuphansi, kusho ukuthi ukuqina kwayo kokushisa akukuhle.
6. Ukunqunywa kokuqukethwe komswakama
Okuqukethwe komswakama ophezulu kakhulu kwe-HPMC kuzothinta ukuqina kwayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo. Okuqukethwe komswakama wayo kunganqunywa ngendlela yesisindo:
Faka isampula ye-HPMC kuhhavini bese uyomisa ku-105℃ ibe yisisindo esingaguquki, bese ubala umehluko wesisindo ngaphambi nangemva kokomisa ukuze uthole okuqukethwe komswakama. I-HPMC esezingeni eliphezulu kufanele ibe nokuqukethwe komswakama okuphansi, okuvame ukulawulwa ngaphansi kuka-5%.
7. Izinga lokutholwa kokushintshana
Izinga lokushintshaniswa kwamaqembu e-methoxy kanye ne-hydroxypropoxy e-HPMC lithinta ngqo ukusebenza kwayo, njengokuncibilika, izinga lokushisa lejeli, i-viscosity, njll. Izinga lokushintshaniswa linganqunywa nge-chemical titration noma i-infrared spectroscopy, kodwa lezi zindlela ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi zidinga ukwenziwa endaweni yelebhu. Ngamafuphi, i-HPMC enokushintshaniswa okuphansi inoncibiliko embi futhi ingakha amajeli angalingani emanzini.
8. Ukuhlolwa kokushisa kwejeli
Izinga lokushisa lejeli le-HPMC izinga lokushisa lapho lakha khona ijeli ngesikhathi sokushisa. I-HPMC esezingeni eliphezulu inobubanzi obuthile bokushisa kwejeli, ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-60°C no-90°C. Indlela yokuhlola izinga lokushisa lejeli yile:
Ncibilikisa i-HPMC emanzini, ukhuphule izinga lokushisa kancane kancane, bese uqaphela izinga lokushisa lapho isixazululo sishintsha khona sisuka kokusobala siye kokunamafu, okuyizinga lokushisa lejeli. Uma izinga lokushisa lejeli liphambuka ebangeni elijwayelekile, kungasho ukuthi isakhiwo salo sama-molecule noma izinga lokushintsha alihlangabezani nezinga elijwayelekile.
9. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza
Ukusebenza kwe-HPMC ngezinjongo ezahlukene kungahluka. Isibonelo, embonini yokwakha, i-HPMC ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokugcina amanzi kanye ne-thickener. Ukusebenza kwayo kokugcina amanzi kanye nomphumela wokuqina kungahlolwa ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo ze-mortar noma ze-putty. Ezimbonini zemithi nezokudla, i-HPMC isetshenziswa njengento esetshenziswa njengefilimu noma i-capsule, futhi umphumela wayo wokwakha ifilimu kanye nezakhiwo ze-colloidal kungahlolwa ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo.
10. Iphunga Nezinto Eziguquguqukayo
I-HPMC esezingeni eliphezulu akufanele ibe nephunga elibonakalayo. Uma isampula inephunga elibi noma ukunambitheka kwangaphandle, kungasho ukuthi amakhemikhali angathandeki angeniswe ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza noma ukuthi iqukethe izinto ezishintshashintshayo kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-HPMC esezingeni eliphezulu akufanele ikhiqize amagesi acasulayo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
Ikhwalithi ye-HPMC ingahlulelwa ngokuhlolwa okulula ngokomzimba njengokubukeka, ukuncibilika kanye nokulinganisa i-viscosity, noma ngezindlela zamakhemikhali njengokuhlola ubumsulwa kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kokushisa. Ngalezi zindlela, isahlulelo sokuqala singenziwa ngekhwalithi ye-HPMC, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwayo okuzinzile ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-25-2024