IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), njenge-cellulose derivative eqhelekileyo, isetyenziswa kakhulu kulwakhiwo, amayeza, ukutya, iikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla nakwamanye amashishini. Umgangatho we-HPMC ujongwa kakhulu ngokwemiba yeempawu zomzimba nezekhemikhali, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nefuthe lokusetyenziswa.
1. Inkangeleko nombala
I-HPMC idla ngokuba ngumgubo omhlophe okanye omhlophe ngokugqithisileyo okanye iigranules. Ukuba kukho utshintsho olukhulu kumbala, njengokutyheli, ukuba ngwevu, njl.njl., oko kunokuthetha ukuba ubunyulu bayo abuphezulu okanye ingcolisiwe. Ukongeza, ukufana kobukhulu beesuntswana kubonakalisa nenqanaba lolawulo lwenkqubo yemveliso. Iisuntswana ezilungileyo ze-HPMC kufuneka zisasazwe ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kokudibana okucacileyo okanye ukungcola.
2. Uvavanyo lokunyibilika
I-HPMC inokunyibilika kakuhle kwamanzi, nto leyo eluphawu olubalulekileyo lokugweba umgangatho wayo. Ngovavanyo olulula lokunyibilika, ukunyibilika kwayo kunye nokuxinana kwayo kunokuvavanywa. Amanyathelo ngala alandelayo:
Thabatha umgubo omncinci we-HPMC, uwufake kancinci emanzini abandayo okanye emanzini obushushu begumbi, uze ujonge inkqubo yokunyibilika kwawo. I-HPMC esemgangathweni ophezulu kufuneka isasazwe ngokulinganayo ngexesha elifutshane ngaphandle kwemvula ebonakalayo ephumayo, kwaye ekugqibeleni yenze isisombululo se-colloidal esicacileyo okanye esinamafu kancinci.
Izinga lokunyibilika kwe-HPMC linxulumene nolwakhiwo lwayo lweemolekyuli, ubungakanani bokutshintshwa kwayo, kunye nobunyulu benkqubo. I-HPMC esemgangathweni ophantsi inokunyibilika kancinci kwaye kube lula ukwenza amahlwili ekunzima ukuwabola.
3. Umlinganiselo wobungqindilili
Ukuqina komoya yenye yezona parameter zibalulekileyo zomgangatho we-HPMC. Ukuqina kwayo emanzini kuchatshazelwa bubunzima beemolekyuli kunye nobungakanani bokutshintshwa kwayo, kwaye idla ngokulinganiswa yi-viscometer ejikelezayo okanye i-capillary viscometer. Indlela ethile kukunyibilikisa inani elithile le-HPMC emanzini, ukulungiselela isisombululo soxinzelelo oluthile, uze ulinganise ukuqina komoya wesisombululo. Ngokwedatha ye-viscosis, kunokugwetywa ukuba:
Ukuba ixabiso le-viscosity liphantsi kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba ubunzima be-molecular buncinci okanye buncitshisiwe ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso;
Ukuba ixabiso le-viscosity liphezulu kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba ubunzima be-molecular bukhulu kakhulu okanye ukutshintshwa kwayo akulingani.
4. Ukuchonga ubumsulwa
Ubunyulu be-HPMC buya kuyichaphazela ngqo indlela esebenza ngayo. Iimveliso ezinobunyulu obuphantsi zihlala ziqulathe iintsalela okanye ukungcola okuninzi. Umgwebo wokuqala unokwenziwa ngezi ndlela zilandelayo zilula:
Uvavanyo lwentsalela xa kutsha: Faka inani elincinci lesampuli ye-HPMC kwisithando sobushushu obuphezulu uze uyitshise. Inani lentsalela lingabonakalisa umxholo weetyuwa ezingaphiliyo kunye nee-ion zesinyithi. Iintsalela ze-HPMC ezisemgangathweni ophezulu kufuneka zibe ncinci kakhulu.
Uvavanyo lwexabiso le-pH: Thatha ubungakanani obufanelekileyo be-HPMC uze uyinyibilikise emanzini, kwaye usebenzise iphepha lovavanyo lwe-pH okanye imitha ye-pH ukulinganisa ixabiso le-pH yesisombululo. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, isisombululo samanzi se-HPMC kufuneka sisondele kwi-neutral. Ukuba sine-asidi okanye i-alkaline, ukungcola okanye iimveliso eziphumayo zinokubakho.
5. Iimpawu zobushushu kunye nozinzo lobushushu
Ngokufudumeza isampuli ye-HPMC, ukuzinza kwayo kubushushu kunokubonwa. I-HPMC esemgangathweni ophezulu kufuneka ibe nokuzinza okuphezulu kubushushu ngexesha lokufudumeza kwaye akufuneki ibole okanye ingasebenzi ngokukhawuleza. Amanyathelo alula ovavanyo lokusebenza kobushushu aquka:
Fudumeza inani elincinci lesampuli kwipleyiti eshushu uze uqaphele iqondo layo lokunyibilika kunye nobushushu bokubola.
Ukuba isampuli iqala ukubola okanye ukutshintsha umbala kubushushu obuphantsi, oko kuthetha ukuba uzinzo lwayo lobushushu alukho semgangathweni.
6. Ukumisela ubungakanani bomswakama
Ubuninzi bokufuma kwe-HPMC buya kuchaphazela uzinzo kunye nokusebenza kwayo. Ubungakanani bokufuma kwayo bunokufunyanwa ngendlela yobunzima:
Faka isampuli ye-HPMC kwi-oven uze uyomise kwi-105℃ ukuya kubunzima obungaguqukiyo, uze ubale umahluko wobunzima ngaphambi nasemva kokomisa ukuze ufumane umxholo wokufuma. I-HPMC esemgangathweni ophezulu kufuneka ibe nomlinganiselo wokufuma ophantsi, odla ngokulawulwa ngaphantsi kwe-5%.
7. Ubungakanani bokuchongwa kokutshintshwa
Umlinganiselo wokutshintshwa kwamaqela e-methoxy kunye ne-hydroxypropoxy e-HPMC uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwayo, njengokunyibilika, ubushushu bejeli, i-viscosity, njl. Umlinganiselo wokutshintshwa ungamiselwa nge-chemical titration okanye i-infrared spectroscopy, kodwa ezi ndlela zinzima ngakumbi kwaye kufuneka zenziwe kwindawo yelebhu. Ngamafutshane, i-HPMC enokutshintshwa okuphantsi ayinakunyibilika kakuhle kwaye inokwenza iijeli ezingalinganiyo emanzini.
8. Uvavanyo lobushushu bejeli
Ubushushu bejeli ye-HPMC bubushushu apho yenza khona ijeli ngexesha lokufudumeza. I-HPMC esemgangathweni ophezulu inoluhlu oluthile lobushushu bejeli, oluhlala luphakathi kwama-60°C nama-90°C. Indlela yokuvavanya ubushushu bejeli yile:
Nyibilikisa i-HPMC emanzini, wonyuse kancinci ubushushu, kwaye uqaphele ubushushu apho isisombululo sitshintsha khona ukusuka ekukhanyeni ukuya ekungcoleni, obu bubushushu bejeli. Ukuba ubushushu bejeli buyaphambuka kuluhlu oluqhelekileyo, oko kuthetha ukuba ulwakhiwo lwayo lweemolekyuli okanye inqanaba lokutshintsha alihlangabezani nomgangatho.
9. Uvavanyo lokusebenza
Ukusebenza kwe-HPMC kwiinjongo ezahlukeneyo kunokwahluka. Umzekelo, kwishishini lokwakha, i-HPMC idla ngokusetyenziswa njengearhente yokugcina amanzi kunye ne-thickener. Ukusebenza kwayo kokugcina amanzi kunye nesiphumo sokutyeba kunokuvavanywa ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-mortar okanye i-putty. Kwishishini lezemithi kunye nokutya, i-HPMC isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sefilimu okanye se-capsule, kwaye isiphumo sayo sokwenza ifilimu kunye neempawu ze-colloidal zinokuvavanywa ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo.
10. Ivumba Nezinto Eziguquguqukayo
I-HPMC esemgangathweni ophezulu akufuneki ibe nevumba elibonakalayo. Ukuba isampuli inevumba elibi okanye incasa yangaphandle, oko kuthetha ukuba iikhemikhali ezingafunekiyo zingeniswe ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenziwa kwayo okanye ukuba iqulethe izinto eziguquguqukayo kakhulu. Ukongeza, i-HPMC esemgangathweni ophezulu akufuneki ivelise iigesi ezicaphukisayo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
Umgangatho we-HPMC unokugwetywa ngovavanyo olulula lomzimba olufana nokubonakala, ukunyibilika kunye nokulinganisa i-viscosity, okanye ngeendlela zeekhemikhali ezifana novavanyo lococeko kunye novavanyo lokusebenza kobushushu. Ngale ndlela, umgwebo wokuqala unokwenziwa ngomgangatho we-HPMC, ngaloo ndlela kuqinisekiswa ukusebenza kwayo okuzinzileyo kwizicelo zokwenyani.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-25-2024