Udaka oluxubene nodaka (i-DMM) luyizinto zokwakha eziwuphuphu ezakhiwe ngokumisa nokuchoboza usimende, i-gypsum, i-lime, njll. njengezinto eziyisisekelo eziyinhloko, ngemva kokulinganisa okunembile, kufakwe izithasiselo ezihlukahlukene ezisebenzayo kanye nezigcwalisi. Lunezinzuzo zokuxuba okulula, ukwakhiwa okulula, kanye nekhwalithi ezinzile, futhi lusetshenziswa kabanzi kubunjiniyela bokwakha, ubunjiniyela bokuhlobisa kanye neminye imikhakha. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zodaka oluxubene nodaka zihlanganisa izinto eziyisisekelo, izigcwalisi, izingxube kanye nezithasiselo. Phakathi kwazo,i-cellulose ether, njengesithasiselo esibalulekile, idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni i-rheology kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokwakhiwa.
1. Izinto eziyisisekelo
Izinto eziyisisekelo ziyingxenye eyinhloko yodaka oluxutshwe okomile, ngokuvamile kufaka phakathi usimende, i-gypsum, i-lime, njll. Ikhwalithi yezinto eziyisisekelo ithinta ngqo amandla, ukunamathela, ukuqina kanye nezinye izakhiwo zodaka oluxutshwe okomile.
Usimende: Ungomunye wezinto eziyisisekelo ezivame kakhulu ku-dry-mix mortar, ngokuvamile usimende ojwayelekile we-silicate noma usimende oguquliwe. Ikhwalithi yesimende inquma amandla osimende. Amazinga ajwayelekile ajwayelekile ajwayelekile angama-32.5, 42.5, njll.
I-Gypsum: ivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni udaka oluyi-plaster kanye nodaka oluthile olukhethekile lokwakha. Ingakhiqiza izakhiwo ezingcono zokubopha kanye nokuqinisa ngesikhathi senqubo yokumanzisa amanzi futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kodaka.
I-Lime: ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukulungisa ezinye izingcezu ezikhethekile, njenge-lime mortar. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-lime kungathuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-lime mortar futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana kwayo neqhwa.
2. Umgcwalisi
I-Filler ibhekisela ku-inorganic powder esetshenziselwa ukulungisa izakhiwo zomzimba ze-mortar, ngokuvamile kufaka phakathi isihlabathi esihle, i-quartz powder, i-perlite enwetshiwe, i-ceramsite enwetshiwe, njll. Lawa ma-filler avame ukutholakala ngenqubo ethile yokuhlola enosayizi wezinhlayiya ezifanayo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kwe-mortar. Umsebenzi we-filler ukuhlinzeka ngevolumu ye-mortar nokulawula ukugeleza kwayo kanye nokunamathela kwayo.
Isihlabathi esicolekile: sivame ukusetshenziswa kudoti owomile ojwayelekile, onezinhlayiya ezincane, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kuka-0.5mm.
Impuphu ye-Quartz: ubucwebe obuphezulu, ifaneleka kuma-mortar adinga amandla aphezulu nokuqina.
I-perlite/i-ceramsite enwetshiwe: evame ukusetshenziswa kuma-mortar alula, ane-insulation enhle yomsindo kanye ne-heat insulation.
3. Izingxube
Izingxube ziyizinto zamakhemikhali ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kodaka oluxutshwe okomile, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa izinto zokugcina amanzi, izinto ezigcina amanzi, izinto zokusheshisa, izinto ezivimbela ukuqandisa, njll. Izingxube zingalungisa isikhathi sokusetha, ukugeleza kwamanzi, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, njll. kodaka, futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kanye nomphumela wokusetshenziswa kodaka.
I-ejenti yokugcina amanzi: isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-mortar nokuvimbela amanzi ukuthi angashisi ngokushesha kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela yandise isikhathi sokwakhiwa kwe-mortar, okubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinokushisa okuphezulu noma ezomile. I-ejenti yokugcina amanzi evamile ihlanganisa ama-polymer.
Izithiyo: zingalibazisa isikhathi sokusethwa kwe-mortar, ezifanele indawo yokwakha enokushisa okuphezulu ukuvimbela i-mortar ukuthi iqine ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngesikhathi sokwakha.
Ama-Accelerator: asheshisa inqubo yokuqina kwe-mortar, ikakhulukazi endaweni enezinga lokushisa eliphansi, evame ukusetshenziswa ukusheshisa ukusabela kokumanzi kwe-samente nokuthuthukisa amandla e-mortar.
I-antifreeze: isetshenziswa endaweni ephansi yokushisa ukuvimbela ukuthi udaka lungalahlekelwa amandla ngenxa yokubanda.
4. Izithasiselo
Izithasiselo zibhekisela ezintweni zamakhemikhali noma zemvelo ezisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo ezithile ze-dry-mix mortar, ngokuvamile kufaka phakathi i-cellulose ether, i-thickener, i-dispersant, njll. I-Cellulose ether, njengesithasiselo esisebenzayo esivame ukusetshenziswa, idlala indima ebalulekile ku-dry-mix mortar.
Indima ye-cellulose ether
I-Cellulose ether iyiklasi yamakhemikhali e-polymer enziwe nge-cellulose ngokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali, asetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni, ekumbozeni, kumakhemikhali ansuku zonke nakwamanye amasimu. Ku-dry-mix mortar, indima ye-cellulose ether ibonakala kakhulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
Thuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-mortar
I-cellulose ether ingakhuphula ngempumelelo ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-mortar futhi inciphise ukuhwamuka kwamanzi ngokushesha. Isakhiwo sayo sama-molecule siqukethe amaqembu athanda amanzi, angakha amandla aqinile okubopha nama-molecule amanzi, ngaleyo ndlela agcine i-mortar imanzi futhi agweme imifantu noma ubunzima bokwakha obubangelwa ukulahleka kwamanzi ngokushesha.
Thuthukisa i-rheology ye-mortar
I-cellulose ether ingalungisa ukugeleza nokunamathela kwe-mortar, yenze i-mortar ifane futhi kube lula ukuyisebenzisa ngesikhathi sokwakha. Yandisa i-viscosity ye-mortar ngokuyiqinisa, yandisa ukulwa nokuhlukaniswa kwayo, ivimbela i-mortar ukuthi ingahlukani ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, futhi iqinisekise ikhwalithi yokwakha ye-mortar.
Thuthukisa ukunamathela kwe-mortar
Ifilimu eyakhiwe yi-cellulose ether ku-mortar inokunamathela okuhle, okusiza ekuthuthukiseni amandla okubopha phakathi kwe-mortar ne-substrate, ikakhulukazi enkambisweni yokwakha yokumboza nokufaka amathayili, ingathuthukisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza kokubopha futhi ivimbele ukuwa.
Thuthukisa ukumelana nokuqhekeka
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukumelana nokuqhekeka kwe-mortar, ikakhulukazi enkambisweni yokomisa, i-cellulose ether inganciphisa ukuqhekeka okubangelwa ukushwabana ngokwandisa ukuqina kanye namandla okudonsa kwe-mortar.
Thuthukisa ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kwe-mortar
I-ether ye-celluloseingalungisa ngempumelelo isikhathi sokwakha i-mortar, yandise isikhathi sokusebenza, futhi ikwazi ukugcina ukusebenza okuhle kokwakha endaweni eshisayo noma eyomile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingathuthukisa futhi ukuthamba nokusebenza kwe-mortar futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi yokwakha.
Njengezinto zokwakha ezisebenza kahle futhi ezinobungani nemvelo, ukuqonda kokwakheka kwazo kanye nesilinganiso sazo kunquma ikhwalithi yokusebenza kwazo. Njengesengezo esibalulekile, i-cellulose ether ingathuthukisa izakhiwo ezibalulekile ze-dry-mix mortar, njengokugcinwa kwamanzi, i-rheology, kanye nokunamathela, futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kanye nekhwalithi ye-mortar. Njengoba imboni yokwakha iqhubeka nokwandisa izidingo zayo zokusebenza kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether nezinye izithako ezisebenzayo ku-dry-mix mortar kuzoba kukhulu kakhulu, kunikeze isikhala esikhulu sentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe yemboni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-05-2025