Dry-mix mortar (DMM) ndi zipangizo zomangira zopangidwa ndi ufa zopangidwa ndi simenti youma ndi kuphwanya, gypsum, laimu, ndi zina zotero monga zipangizo zazikulu, pambuyo pogawa bwino, kuwonjezera zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana ndi zodzaza. Ili ndi ubwino wosakaniza mosavuta, kapangidwe kosavuta, komanso khalidwe lokhazikika, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu uinjiniya wa zomangamanga, uinjiniya wokongoletsa ndi madera ena. Zigawo zazikulu za dry-mix mortar zimaphatikizapo zipangizo zoyambira, zodzaza, zosakaniza ndi zowonjezera. Pakati pawo,ether ya cellulose, monga chowonjezera chofunikira, chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakulamulira rheology ndikukweza magwiridwe antchito omanga.
1. Zinthu zoyambira
Zipangizo zoyambira ndiye gawo lalikulu la matope osakaniza zouma, nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo simenti, gypsum, laimu, ndi zina zotero. Ubwino wa zipangizo zoyambira umakhudza mwachindunji mphamvu, kumatira, kulimba ndi zinthu zina za matope osakaniza zouma.
Simenti: Ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zoyambira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu matope osakaniza ndi madzi, nthawi zambiri simenti ya silicate kapena simenti yosinthidwa. Ubwino wa simenti umatsimikizira mphamvu ya matope. Mphamvu yofanana ndi 32.5, 42.5, ndi zina zotero.
Gypsum: imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga matope a pulasitala ndi matope ena apadera omangira. Imatha kupanga mawonekedwe abwino omatira ndi kuuma panthawi yamadzimadzi ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a matope.
Laimu: nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza ma mortar apadera, monga laimu mortar. Kugwiritsa ntchito laimu kungathandize kusunga madzi mu mortar ndikuwonjezera kukana kwake chisanu.
2. Chodzaza
Chodzaza chimatanthauza ufa wosapangidwa womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha mawonekedwe a matope, nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza mchenga wabwino, ufa wa quartz, perlite wokulirapo, ceramsite wokulirapo, ndi zina zotero. Zodzaza izi nthawi zambiri zimapezeka kudzera mu njira yowunikira ndi kukula kwa tinthu tofanana kuti zitsimikizire kuti matopewo akugwira ntchito bwino. Ntchito ya chodzaza ndi kupereka kuchuluka kwa matope ndikuwongolera kusinthasintha kwake ndi kumatirira kwake.
Mchenga wosalala: umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu matope ouma wamba, okhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, nthawi zambiri osakwana 0.5mm.
Ufa wa quartz: wopyapyala kwambiri, woyenera matope omwe amafunikira mphamvu zambiri komanso kulimba.
Ceramsite yokulirapo ya perlite/yokulirapo: imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mortars yopepuka, yokhala ndi zoteteza mawu zabwino komanso zoteteza kutentha.
3. Zosakaniza
Zosakaniza ndi mankhwala omwe amathandiza kuti matope osakaniza ndi ouma azigwira ntchito bwino, makamaka kuphatikizapo zinthu zosungira madzi, zoletsa, zofulumizitsa, zinthu zoletsa kuzizira, ndi zina zotero. Zosakaniza zimatha kusintha nthawi yokhazikika, kusinthasintha kwa madzi, kusunga madzi, ndi zina zotero za matope, ndikupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito omanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito matope.
Chogwirizira madzi: chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza kusunga madzi mu matope ndikuletsa madzi kusinthasintha mofulumira, motero chimawonjezera nthawi yopangira matope, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri, makamaka m'malo otentha kwambiri kapena ouma. Zinthu zogwirizira madzi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo ma polima.
Zotsalira: zimatha kuchedwetsa nthawi yoyika matope, yoyenera malo omanga otentha kwambiri kuti matope asaume msanga panthawi yomanga.
Zothandizira: zimathandiza kuti matope alimbe, makamaka m'malo otentha kwambiri, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kufulumizitsa kayendedwe ka madzi a simenti ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya matope.
Choletsa kuzizira: chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo otentha kwambiri kuti matope asatayike mphamvu chifukwa cha kuzizira.
4. Zowonjezera
Zowonjezera zimatanthauza zinthu za mankhwala kapena zachilengedwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza zinthu zinazake za matope osakaniza ndi madzi, nthawi zambiri kuphatikizapo cellulose ether, thickener, dispersant, ndi zina zotero. Cellulose ether, monga chowonjezera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu matope osakaniza ndi madzi.
Udindo wa ether wa cellulose
Cellulose ether ndi gulu la mankhwala a polima opangidwa kuchokera ku cellulose kudzera mu kusintha kwa mankhwala, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga, zokutira, mankhwala a tsiku ndi tsiku ndi madera ena. Mu matope osakaniza ndi madzi, ntchito ya cellulose ether imaonekera kwambiri m'mbali zotsatirazi:
Kuwongolera kusunga madzi mu matope
Cellulose ether imatha kuonjezera bwino kusunga madzi mu matope ndikuchepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi mwachangu. Kapangidwe kake ka mamolekyulu kamakhala ndi magulu okonda madzi, omwe amatha kupanga mphamvu yolumikizana ndi mamolekyulu amadzi, motero kusunga matopewo kukhala onyowa ndikupewa ming'alu kapena zovuta zomangira zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kutaya madzi mwachangu.
Kuwongolera rheology ya matope
Cellulose ether imatha kusintha kusinthasintha ndi kumamatira kwa matope, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matopewo akhale ofanana komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito panthawi yomanga. Imawonjezera kukhuthala kwa matope kudzera mu kukhuthala, imawonjezera kukana kwake kulekanitsidwa, imaletsa matope kuti asagawike pamene akugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti matopewo ndi abwino.
Limbikitsani kumatirira kwa matope
Filimu yopangidwa ndi cellulose ether mu matope imakhala ndi kumatirira kwabwino, komwe kumathandiza kulimbitsa mphamvu yolumikizirana pakati pa matope ndi substrate, makamaka pomanga matabwa ndi matailosi, imatha kukonza bwino magwiridwe antchito a matabwa ndikuletsa kugwa.
Sinthani kukana ming'alu
Kugwiritsa ntchito cellulose ether kumathandiza kulimbitsa kukana kwa ming'alu ya matope, makamaka pakuuma, cellulose ether imatha kuchepetsa ming'alu yomwe imabwera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa matope mwa kuwonjezera kulimba ndi mphamvu yokoka ya matope.
Kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a matope omangira
Cellulose etherimatha kusintha bwino nthawi yomanga matope, kukulitsa nthawi yotseguka, ndikuyilola kuti igwire bwino ntchito yomanga pamalo otentha kwambiri kapena ouma. Kuphatikiza apo, imathanso kukonza kusalala ndi magwiridwe antchito a matope ndikuwonjezera ubwino wa zomangamanga.
Monga zipangizo zomangira zogwira ntchito bwino komanso zosawononga chilengedwe, kumveka bwino kwa kapangidwe kake ndi kuchuluka kwake kumatsimikizira ubwino wa ntchito yake. Monga chowonjezera chofunikira, cellulose ether imatha kukonza zinthu zofunika kwambiri za dry-mix matope, monga kusunga madzi, rheology, ndi kumatira, ndipo imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukweza magwiridwe antchito omanga ndi ubwino wa dry-mix matope. Pamene makampani omanga akupitiliza kuwonjezera zofunikira zake pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa zinthu, kugwiritsa ntchito cellulose ether ndi zowonjezera zina zogwira ntchito mu dry-mix matope kudzakula kwambiri, zomwe zipereka malo ambiri kuti ukadaulo wamakampani upite patsogolo.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-05-2025