Kwiinkqubo zezixhobo zokwakha zanamhlanje, i-putty powder isebenza njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo sokulinganisa udonga kunye nokugqiba umphezulu. Ukusebenza kwayo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho kunye nokuqina kweengubo ezilandelayo okanye ukugqitywa. Ukumelana namanzi luphawu oluphambili lomgangatho we-putty. I-putty yendabuko idla ngokusekwe kwi-inorganic binders (ezifana ne-lime lime, i-double fly ash, kunye nesamente). Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba buthathaka kwayo kunye nokunamathela kwayo kakubi, iyaqhekeka ngokulula xa idibana namanzi, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwiindonga zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Ngokusetyenziswa kweumgubo wepolymer ophinda unyibilike (RDP), ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwe-putty, ingakumbi ukumelana kwayo namanzi, kuphuculwe kakhulu.
1. Iipropati ezisisiseko ze-RDP
I-RDP yi-emulsion eyomisiweyo ngokutshizwa eguqulwe yaba ngumgubo oqinileyo ophinda unyibilike. Xa idibana namanzi, iphinda ixube kwaye ibuyisele iipropati zokuqala ze-emulsion. Ngokuyintloko yenziwe nge-resin ye-polymer enobunzima obuphezulu, i-colloid ekhuselayo, kunye nezongezo. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezintle zokwenza ifilimu, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokunamathela, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zokwakha ezifana nodaka oluxutywe nomxube owomileyo, i-adhesive yethayile, kunye nomgubo we-putty.
2. Izizathu zokungaxhathisi kakuhle kwamanzi kukaPutty
Ii-substrates ezingezizo zendalo zibuthathaka: I-putty yelime-lime okanye i-putty yesamente eqhelekileyo ivelisa imifantu yokuqhekeka emva kokufuma, nto leyo ebangela ukuba isakhiwo sikhululeke kwaye kube lula ukungena kwamanzi.
Ukuncamathela okunganelanga: Ukudibana phakathi kwe-putty kunye nodonga olusisiseko kunye nophahla kubuthathaka, okwenza kube lula ukudumba nokuwa kwiindawo ezifumileyo okanye ezingaphantsi kwamanzi.
I-Porosity Ephezulu: Umgubo we-putty wendabuko awunabunzima besakhiwo kunye nee-capillaries ezininzi, okwenza kube lula ukuba amanzi angene aze abangele ukucolwa.
Ngoko ke, ukuthembela kuphela kwiibhanti ezingaphiliyo akunakuqinisekisa ukumelana kwamanzi ixesha elide kwe-putty. Ukuguqulwa ngee-polymers ezifana ne-RDP kuyimfuneko.
3. Indlela yokuphucula ukuxhathisa kwamanzi kwi-RDP kwi-Putty
3.1. Isiphumo Sokwenza Ifilimu
Emva kokuba i-RDP isasazeke emanzini kwi-putty, yenza ifilimu ye-polymer eqhubekayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqina, igubungela ngokulinganayo amasuntswana angaphiliyo. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu ukuvuleka kwangaphakathi kwe-putty, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa ukungena kwamanzi.
3.2. Ukunamathela Okuphuculweyo
Ifilimu yepolymer ingena kwii-micropores zomaleko osisiseko, idala isiphumo esiphindwe kabini "sokubambelela ngokwasemzimbeni + ukubopha iikhemikhali". Oku kuqinisa ukunamathelana phakathi kwe-putty kunye ne-substrate, kuthintele ukuba ingawi nakwiindawo ezifumileyo.
3.3. Ukuguquguquka Okuphuculweyo kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka
I-Putty ithanda ukuqhekeka ngenxa yokuncipha okanye ukuguquguquka kobushushu kunye nokufuma, kwaye iintanda ziba ngumjelo omkhulu wokungena komswakama. I-RDP inika ukuguquguquka okugqwesileyo kunye nokwandiswa kwe-putty, iphelisa uxinzelelo kwaye inciphisa ukwakheka kweentanda, iphucula ngokungathanga ngqo ukumelana namanzi.
3.4. Uphuculo Lobuchule Bokulwa Nokuguba
I-putty yelime-lime yendabuko igutywa lula xa ibekwe emanzini. Nangona kunjalo, i-skeleton ye-polymer eyenziwe yi-RDP kwi-putty iphucula kakhulu uzinzo lwayo lwesakhiwo, ithintela umgubo obangelwa kukukhukuliseka kwamanzi.
4. Imiphumo ye-RDP kwi-Putty engangeni manzi
Ukuphucula Ukumelana Namanzi Ngokuphawulekayo: Uvavanyo lubonise ukuba i-putty equlethe ubungakanani obufanelekileyo be-RDP igcina umgangatho wayo usemgangathweni emva kweeyure ezingama-24 zokuntywiliselwa emanzini, ngaphandle kokuqhekeka okanye ukuxobuka okubonakalayo. Ukusebenza Okuphuculweyo: I-RDP inika ukuthambisa okukhulu kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi kwi-putty, okuvumela ukusetyenziswa okuthambileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa okulula.
Ukusetyenziswa Okubanzi: I-Putty exutywe ne-RDP ayifanelekanga kuphela kwiindawo ezomileyo zangaphakathi kodwa ikwafaneleka nakwiindawo ezifumileyo ezifana neekhitshi, amagumbi okuhlambela, kunye namagumbi angaphantsi, kwanakwi-putty yangaphandle eludongeni.
Ubomi beNkonzo eyongeziweyo: I-putty engangeni manzi imelana ngempumelelo nokukhukuliseka komswakama ixesha elide, yandisa ukuqina kweenkqubo zokugqiba udonga kwaye inciphisa iindleko zokulungisa ezilandelayo.
5. Iingcebiso ze-RDP Dosage kunye neRatio
Idosi ye-RDP ecetyiswayo kwiifomyula ze-putty ngokubanzi yi-3%-5% (ngokusekelwe kubunzima bomgubo we-putty). Ubungakanani obuthile kufuneka buhlengahlengiswe ngokusekwe kuhlobo lwe-putty, iimpawu ze-substrate, kunye nendawo yokusetyenziswa:
I-putty eqhelekileyo yodonga lwangaphakathi: Malunga ne-3% yanele ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezisisiseko zokumelana namanzi;
I-putty yasekhitshini neyegumbi lokuhlambela: 4%-5% iyacetyiswa ukuphucula ukumelana namanzi kunye nokunamathela;
I-putty yangaphandle yodonga engamelaniyo nemozulu: Umthamo unganyuswa ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukumelana nokukhukuliseka kwemvula kunye nokuguquguquka kobushushu kunye nokufuma. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-RDP ibiza kakhulu, kwaye ukongeza kakhulu kunokubeka emngciphekweni uqoqosho kwaye kunokunciphisa ubunzima be-putty. Ke ngoko, ukulungiswa kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngendlela elungeleleneyo yokusebenza kunye neendleko.
I-RDPIdlala indima engenakutshintshwa ekuphuculeni ukumelana namanzi kwe-putty. Ngokwenza ifilimu, ukuphucula ukunamathela, kunye nokuphucula ukuguquguquka kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka, i-RDP ijongana ngempumelelo nengxaki yokucolwa kwe-putty yendabuko kunye nokuchitheka xa ivezwa emanzini. Oku kuvumela i-putty ukuba ingapheleli nje ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno zokuhombisa udonga lwangaphakathi kodwa ikwagcina uzinzo kwiindawo ezifumileyo nezangaphandle. Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwe-RDP akupheleli nje ekuphuculeni ukumelana namanzi kunye nobomi benkonzo ye-putty kodwa kukwakhuthaza uphuhliso lwezixhobo zokuhombisa zokwakha ezisebenza kakuhle nezihlala ixesha elide.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-21-2025