Mu makina amakono a zomangamanga, ufa wa putty umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pokonza makoma ndi kumaliza pamwamba. Kugwira ntchito kwake kumakhudza mwachindunji ubwino ndi kulimba kwa zokutira kapena zomaliza pambuyo pake. Kukana madzi ndi chizindikiro chofunikira cha mtundu wa putty. Putty yachikhalidwe nthawi zambiri imachokera ku zomangira zopanda chilengedwe (monga lime laimu, phulusa la ntchentche ziwiri, ndi simenti). Komabe, chifukwa cha kufooka kwake komanso kusagwira bwino ntchito, imasweka mosavuta ikakhudzana ndi madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukwaniritsa zofunikira zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali pamakoma amkati ndi akunja. Pogwiritsa ntchitoufa wa polima wosungunukanso (RDP), magwiridwe antchito onse a putty, makamaka kukana kwake madzi, awonjezeka kwambiri.
1. Katundu Woyambira wa RDP
RDP ndi emulsion youma yopopera yomwe imasinthidwa kukhala ufa wolimba wosungunuka. Ikakhudzana ndi madzi, imabwezeretsanso ndikubwezeretsa mawonekedwe oyambira a emulsion. Imapangidwa makamaka ndi utomoni wa polymer wolemera kwambiri, colloid yoteteza, ndi zowonjezera. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake abwino opangira filimu, kusinthasintha, ndi kumatira, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zomangira monga matope osakaniza ndi madzi, guluu wa matailosi, ndi ufa wa putty.
2. Zifukwa Zomwe Putty Amakanira Madzi Mosakwanira
Ma substrates osapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe ndi ofooka: Putty ya lime-lime kapena putty ya simenti imayamba kusweka ming'alu itatha kunyowa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kapangidwe kake kakhale kosasunthika komanso madzi alowe mosavuta.
Kumamatira Kosakwanira: Kulumikizana pakati pa putty ndi khoma loyambira ndi chophimba ndi kofooka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti iphulike ndikugwa mosavuta m'malo ozizira kapena okhala pansi pa madzi.
Kuchuluka kwa Matupi: Ufa wa putty wachikhalidwe uli ndi kapangidwe koipa komanso mitsempha yambiri yamagazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azitha kulowa mosavuta ndikupangitsa kuti madzi asungunuke.
Chifukwa chake, kudalira kokha pa zomangira zopanda chilengedwe sikungatsimikizire kuti putty idzakhala yolimba kwa nthawi yayitali. Kusintha ndi ma polima monga RDP ndikofunikira.
3. Njira ya RDP Yothandizira Kulimbana ndi Madzi a Putty
3.1. Mphamvu Yopangira Mafilimu
Pambuyo poti RDP yamwazikana m'madzi mu putty, imapanga filimu ya polima yosalekeza panthawi yolimbitsa, ndikuphimba mofanana tinthu tosapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Izi zimachepetsa kwambiri porosity yamkati mwa putty, motero zimachepetsa kulowa kwa madzi.
3.2. Kumamatira Kowonjezereka
Filimu ya polima imalowa m'ma micropores a gawo loyambira, ndikupanga mphamvu ziwiri za "kulumikiza thupi + mankhwala". Izi zimalimbitsa kumamatirana pakati pa putty ndi substrate, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuti isagwe ngakhale m'malo ozizira.
3.3. Kusinthasintha Kowonjezereka ndi Kukana Ming'alu
Putty imakonda kusweka chifukwa cha kuchepa kapena kusinthasintha kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi, ndipo ming'alu imakhala njira yayikulu yolowera chinyezi. RDP imapereka kusinthasintha kwabwino komanso kufalikira kwa putty, kuthetsa kupsinjika ndikuchepetsa mapangidwe a ming'alu, mwanjira ina ikukweza kukana kwa madzi.
3.4. Kuthekera Kowonjezera Kuletsa Ufa
Putty yachikhalidwe ya lime-lime imaphikidwa mosavuta ikayikidwa m'madzi. Komabe, mafupa a polima omwe amapangidwa ndi RDP mu putty amawonjezera kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe kake, kuteteza ufa womwe umayambitsidwa ndi kukokoloka kwa madzi.
4. Zotsatira za RDP mu Putty Yosalowa Madzi
Kulimba Kwambiri kwa Madzi: Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti putty yokhala ndi RDP yokwanira imasunga umphumphu pamwamba patatha maola 24 itaviikidwa m'madzi, popanda matuza kapena kutsekeka kooneka bwino. Kugwira Ntchito Kwabwino: RDP imapatsa putty mafuta ambiri komanso kusunga madzi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito bwino komanso mosavuta.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kwambiri: Putty yothiridwa ndi RDP ndi yoyenera osati kokha m'malo ouma amkati komanso m'malo a chinyezi monga kukhitchini, m'zimbudzi, ndi m'zipinda zapansi, komanso ngakhale putty yakunja ya pakhoma.
Nthawi Yogwira Ntchito Yotalika: Putty yosalowa madzi imalimbana bwino ndi kukokoloka kwa chinyezi kwa nthawi yayitali, kukulitsa kulimba kwa makina omalizitsa makoma ndikuchepetsa ndalama zokonzera pambuyo pake.
5. Mlingo wa RDP ndi Malangizo a Chiŵerengero
Mlingo woyenera wa RDP mu ma putty formulations nthawi zambiri umakhala 3%-5% (kutengera kulemera kwa ufa wa putty). Kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kusinthidwa kutengera mtundu wa putty, mawonekedwe a substrate, ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito:
Putty wamba wamkati mwa khoma: Pafupifupi 3% ndi yokwanira kukwaniritsa zofunikira zoyambira zopewera madzi;
Putty ya kukhitchini ndi bafa: 4%-5% ikulimbikitsidwa kuti iwonjezere kukana madzi ndi kukanikiza;
Putty yakunja yolimbana ndi nyengo: Mlingo wake ukhoza kuwonjezeredwa moyenera kuti zitsimikizire kuti mvula siikugwa komanso kutentha ndi chinyezi sizikusintha. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti RDP ndi yokwera mtengo, ndipo kuwonjezera kwambiri kungawononge ndalama ndikuchepetsa kuuma kwa putty. Chifukwa chake, kukonza bwino kuyenera kuganiziridwa moyenera pakugwira ntchito ndi mtengo.
RDPimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukweza kukana kwa madzi kwa putty. Mwa kupanga filimu, kukulitsa kumamatira, komanso kukonza kusinthasintha ndi kukana ming'alu, RDP imathetsa vuto la putty yachikhalidwe yomwe imaphwanyika ndikutuluka ikakumana ndi madzi. Izi zimathandiza kuti putty ikwaniritse zofunikira pakukongoletsa mkati mwa khoma komanso kusunga bata m'malo ozizira komanso akunja. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino RDP sikuti kumangowonjezera kukana kwa madzi ndi moyo wa ntchito ya putty komanso kumalimbikitsa kupanga zipangizo zokongoletsera nyumba zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino komanso zokhalitsa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-21-2025