Hauv cov khoom siv niaj hnub no, cov hmoov putty ua haujlwm ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev sib npaug ntawm phab ntsa thiab kev ua tiav ntawm qhov chaw. Nws cov kev ua tau zoo cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov zoo thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej tom qab lossis cov tiav. Kev tiv thaiv dej yog qhov qhia tseem ceeb ntawm qhov zoo ntawm putty. Cov putty ib txwm muaj feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom sib txuas inorganic (xws li txiv qaub ntsuab, ob chav ya tshauv, thiab cement). Txawm li cas los xij, vim nws qhov brittleness thiab tsis nplaum zoo, nws yooj yim tawg thaum kov dej, ua rau nws nyuaj rau ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau siv ntev ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud phab ntsa. Nrog rau kev siv ntawmCov hmoov polymer uas yaj tau dua tshiab (RDP), qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm putty, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws cov dej tsis kam, tau zoo dua qub.
1. Cov Khoom Tseem Ceeb ntawm RDP
RDP yog ib qho tshuaj emulsion uas tau txau thiab hloov mus ua hmoov khov uas tawg tau dua. Thaum nws sib chwv nrog dej, nws rov ua kom emulsify thiab rov qab kho cov yam ntxwv emulsion qub. Nws feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov polymer resin uas muaj molecular hnyav, ib qho colloid tiv thaiv, thiab cov khoom ntxiv. Vim nws cov yam ntxwv zoo heev rau kev tsim cov zaj duab xis, kev ywj pheej, thiab kev nplaum, nws yog siv dav hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv kev tsim kho xws li cov mortar sib tov qhuav, cov nplaum pobzeb, thiab cov hmoov putty.
2. Vim li cas Putty thiaj tsis kam dej
Cov khoom siv inorganic yog brittle: Cov lime-lime putty lossis cement putty tsim cov kab nrib pleb tom qab hydrated, ua rau cov qauv xoob thiab yooj yim dej nkag mus.
Kev nplaum tsis txaus: Qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov putty thiab phab ntsa thiab txheej txheej tsis muaj zog, ua rau nws yooj yim bulging thiab poob tawm hauv cov av noo lossis cov chaw nyob hauv qab dej.
Porosity Siab: Cov hmoov putty ib txwm muaj qhov ceev tsis zoo thiab ntau cov hlab ntsha, ua rau nws yooj yim rau dej nkag mus thiab ua rau pulverization.
Yog li ntawd, kev cia siab rau cov khoom siv inorganic binders xwb tsis tuaj yeem lav qhov tsis kam dej ntev ntawm putty. Kev hloov kho nrog cov polymers xws li RDP yog qhov tsim nyog.
3. Txoj kev ua kom RDP txhim kho Putty txoj kev tiv thaiv dej
3.1. Cov nyhuv tsim zaj duab xis
Tom qab RDP raug dispersed hauv dej hauv putty, nws tsim ib zaj duab xis polymer tas mus li thaum lub sijhawm hardening, sib npaug zos enveloping cov inorganic particles. Qhov no txo qhov porosity sab hauv ntawm putty, yog li txo cov dej permeability.
3.2. Kev nplaum zoo dua
Cov zaj duab xis polymer nkag mus rau hauv cov qhov me me ntawm cov txheej hauv qab, tsim kom muaj ob qho "physical anchoring + chemical bonding". Qhov no ua kom cov nplaum ntawm cov putty thiab cov substrate muaj zog dua, tiv thaiv nws kom tsis txhob poob txawm tias nyob rau hauv qhov chaw noo noo.
3.3. Kev Ywj Pheej Zoo Dua thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tawg
Cov putty feem ntau yuav tawg vim yog qhov ntsws lossis qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv, thiab cov kab nrib pleb ua ib txoj hauv kev loj rau cov dej noo nkag mus. RDP muab kev ywj pheej zoo heev thiab kev nthuav dav rau cov putty, tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab thiab txo cov kab nrib pleb, tsis ncaj qha txhim kho kev tiv thaiv dej.
3.4. Kev Txhim Kho Lub Peev Xwm Tiv Thaiv Hmoov
Cov kua txiv qaub ntsuab ib txwm muaj yooj yim ua hmoov thaum raug dej. Txawm li cas los xij, cov pob txha polymer uas tsim los ntawm RDP hauv cov kua txiv qaub ntsuab ua rau nws ruaj khov dua, tiv thaiv cov hmoov av los ntawm kev yaig dej.
4. Cov teebmeem ntawm RDP hauv Cov Putty Uas Tiv Thaiv Dej
Kev Tiv Thaiv Dej Zoo Dua: Kev sim tau qhia tias cov putty uas muaj RDP txaus yuav ua kom qhov chaw ruaj khov tom qab 24 teev ntawm kev tsau rau hauv dej, tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb ntawm blistering lossis tev tawm. Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo Dua: RDP muab cov roj nplua nyeem ntau dua thiab khaws dej rau putty, ua rau kev siv du thiab yooj yim dua.
Daim Ntawv Thov Dav Dua: Cov putty infused nrog RDP tsis yog tsuas yog tsim rau cov chaw qhuav hauv tsev xwb tab sis kuj rau cov chaw noo xws li chav ua noj, chav dej, thiab hauv qab nthab, thiab txawm tias rau phab ntsa sab nraud putty.
Kev Pab Cuam Ntev: Cov putty uas tiv taus dej tau zoo tiv taus kev yaig dej mus sij hawm ntev, ua kom ntev lub zog ntawm cov phab ntsa tiav thiab txo cov nqi kho tom qab.
5. Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Siv Tshuaj RDP Thiab Piv Txwv
Feem ntau, cov tshuaj RDP uas pom zoo kom siv rau hauv cov tshuaj putty yog 3% -5% (raws li qhov hnyav ntawm cov hmoov putty). Yuav tsum tau kho qhov ntau npaum li cas raws li hom putty, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab qhov chaw siv:
Cov tshuaj pleev rau phab ntsa sab hauv tsev: Kwv yees li 3% txaus kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob muaj dej ntau;
Chav ua noj thiab chav dej putty: 4% -5% yog pom zoo kom txhim kho kev tiv thaiv dej thiab kev nplaum;
Cov tshuaj pleev phab ntsa sab nraud uas tiv taus huab cua: Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem nce ntxiv kom haum rau kev tiv taus nag thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab av noo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias RDP kim heev, thiab kev ntxiv ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau kev lag luam tsis zoo thiab ua rau qhov nyuaj ntawm cov tshuaj pleev. Yog li ntawd, kev ua kom zoo dua yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab hauv txoj hauv kev sib npaug rau kev ua tau zoo thiab tus nqi.
RDPUa lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv dej ntawm putty. Los ntawm kev tsim ib zaj duab xis, txhim kho kev nplaum, thiab txhim kho kev ywj pheej thiab kev tiv thaiv tawg, RDP daws tau qhov teeb meem ntawm cov putty ib txwm muaj kev sib tsoo thiab poob thaum raug dej. Qhov no tso cai rau putty tsis yog tsuas yog ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev kho kom zoo nkauj phab ntsa sab hauv tab sis kuj tswj kev ruaj khov hauv qhov chaw noo noo thiab sab nraum zoov. Kev siv RDP kom zoo tsis yog tsuas yog txhim kho kev tiv thaiv dej thiab lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm putty xwb tab sis kuj txhawb kev tsim cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj hauv tsev uas ua tau zoo, siv tau ntev.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-21-2025