Ke mefuta efe e fokotsang metsi 'me litšobotsi tsa eona ke life?

Lisebelisoa tse fokotsang metsi, tse tsejoang hape e le li-plasticizer kapa li-superplasticizer, ke lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tse sebelisoang metsoakong ea konkreite le seretse ho ntlafatsa ho sebetsa, ho fokotsa metsi, le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea thepa. Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea lisebelisoa tse fokotsang metsi, e' ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le litšobotsi le ts'ebeliso ea eona. Mefuta e meng e tloaelehileng ke ena:

1. Lignosulfonate: Lignosulfonate li nkiloe ka har'a pulp ea lehong 'me ke e' ngoe ea mefuta ea khale ka ho fetisisa ea lintho tse fokotsang metsi. Hangata li sebelisoa mefuteng ea konkreite ho ntlafatsa ho sebetsa le ho fokotsa metsi ha li ntse li boloka matla a lekaneng. Lignosulfonate li theko e tlaase ebile lia lumellana le mefuta e mengata ea samente.
2. Naphthalene Sulfonates: Metsi a fokotsang metsi a thehiloeng ho Naphthalene sulfonate a sebetsa hantle haholo ho fokotseng metsi metswakong ya konkreite ha ka nako e ts'oanang a ntlafatsa phallo le bokgoni ba ho sebetsa. A loketse haholo ho hlahisa konkreite e matla haholo e nang le dikarolelano tse tlase tsa metsi ho samente. Naphthalene sulfonate e ka boela ya thusa ho fokotsa kotsi ya karohano le ho tswa madi konkreiteng.
3. Melamine Sulfonates: Metsi a fokotsang metsi a thehiloeng ho Melamine a fana ka thepa e ntle ea ho fokotsa metsi ha a bapisoa le lignosulfonate le naphthalene sulfonate. A fana ka bokhoni bo botle ba ho sebetsa, matla a pele a phahameng, le ho tšoarella ho ntlafetseng metswakong ea konkreite. Melamine sulfonate hangata e sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa konkreite tse sebetsang hantle joalo ka konkreite e entsoeng esale pele le e hatelletsoeng esale pele.
4. Li-Ether tsa Polycarboxylate (PCE): Li-ether tsa Polycarboxylate ke moloko o mocha oa metsoako e fokotsang metsi e tsejoang ka bokhoni ba eona bo phahameng le ho tenyetseha. Li ka fokotsa metsi haholo metsoakong ea konkreite ha li ntse li boloka phallo le ho sebetsa habonolo ka nako e telele. Li-PCE li fana ka tšebelisano e ntle haholo le mefuta e fapaneng ea samente le metsoako e kopaneng 'me li sebelisoa hangata lits'ebetsong tsa konkreite e iketsang (SCC) le konkreite e sebetsang hantle (HPC).
5. Metswako e Kopantsweng: Dintho tse ding tse fokotsang metsi di entswe e le metswako e kopantsweng, e ka kenyeletsang motswako wa metswako e fapaneng ya dikhemikhale ho fihlella dipheo tse itseng tsa tshebetso. Metswako ena e ka fana ka ditlamorao tse kopaneng, tse kang ho ntlafala ha ho boloka ho thella, ntshetsopele e ntlafetseng ya matla, kapa ho fokotseha ha ho kenngwa ha moya.

Litšobotsi tsa metsoako e fokotsang metsi li ka kenyelletsa:

• Phokotso ea Metsi: Mosebetsi oa mantlha oa metsoako e fokotsang metsi ke ho fokotsa bongata ba metsi a tsoakiloeng a hlokahalang ho fihlela ho lumellana ho lakatsehang ha metsoako ea konkreite kapa ea seretse. Sena se thusa ho ntlafatsa matla, ho tšoarella le ho sebetsa ha thepa ha ka nako e ts'oanang ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho arohana le ho tsoa mali.
• Bokgoni ba ho sebetsa: Disebediswa tse fokotsang metsi di ntlafatsa bokgoni ba ho sebetsa le ho phalla ha metswako ya konkreite, e leng se etsang hore ho be bonolo ho e beha le ho e kopanya ntle le ho tela matla kapa ho kopana. Di thusa ho netefatsa kabo e tshwanang ya di-aggregate le thepa e etsang samente ho pholletsa le motswako.
• Ho tsamaellana: Disebediswa tse fokotsang metsi di lokela ho tsamaellana le ditswakwa tse ding le di-additi tse sebediswang metswakong ya konkreite, tse kang disebediswa tse kenyang moya, di-retarder tse set, le di-accelerator. Ho tsamaellana ho netefatsa hore thepa e lakatsehang le tshebetso ya konkreite di fihlellwa ntle le dikarabelo tse mpe kapa ditlamorao tse mpe.
• Sekhahla sa Tekanyo: Katleho ea metsoako e fokotsang metsi e itšetlehile ka sekhahla sa tekanyo, seo hangata se hlahisoang e le peresente ea lintho tse silang samente motswakong. Sekhahla se setle sa tekanyo se ka fapana ho latela lintlha tse kang mofuta oa samente, litšobotsi tsa kakaretso, mocheso oa tikoloho, le litšobotsi tse lakatsehang tsa konkreite.
• Nako ea ho Beha: Lintho tse ling tse fokotsang metsi li ka susumetsa nako ea ho beha metsoako ea konkreite, ebang ke ho potlakisa kapa ho liehisa linako tsa ho beha tsa pele le tsa ho qetela. Tekanyo e nepahetseng le khetho ea lintho tse fokotsang metsi lia hlokahala ho fihlela litšobotsi tse lakatsehang tsa ho beha bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse itseng tsa kaho.
• Litšenyehelo le Tshebetso: Lintho tse amehang tse kang katleho ea litšenyehelo, litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso, le litlhaloso tsa projeke li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho khethoeng ha moemeli ea loketseng oa ho fokotsa metsi bakeng sa ts'ebeliso e itseng. Ho bohlokoa ho lekola melemo le mefokolo ea mefuta e fapaneng ea li-reduction tsa metsi ho fumana khetho e loketseng ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa litlhoko tsa projeke.

Lintho tse fokotsang metsi li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho ntlafatseng ts'ebetso le ho tšoarella ha metsoako ea konkreite le seretse, e leng se lumellang mekhoa e metle ea kaho le boleng bo ntlafetseng ba meaho e felileng.