1 Ubumenyi bw'ibanze
Ikibazo cya 1 Ni uburyo bungahe bwo kubaka bukoresha kole y'amatafari?
Igisubizo: Uburyo bwo gusiga amatafari ya ceramic muri rusange bugabanyijemo ubwoko butatu: uburyo bwo gusiga inyuma, uburyo bwo gusiga hasi (buzwi kandi nka trowel method, uburyo bwo gusiga thin paste), n'uburyo bwo guhuza.
Ikibazo cya 2 Ni ibihe bikoresho by'ingenzi byihariye byo kubaka plastike?
Igisubizo: Ibikoresho byihariye byo gusiga amatafari birimo: imvange y'amashanyarazi, icyuma gikozwe mu meno (trowel), inyundo ya rubber, nibindi.
Ikibazo cya 3 Ni izihe ntambwe z'ingenzi mu kubaka tile paste?
Igisubizo: Intambwe z'ingenzi ni: gutunganya ishingiro, gutegura ibikoresho, kuvanga imvange, kuyisiga ihagaze (gutunganya), kuvanga ubwa kabiri, kuyishyiramo imvange, kuyishyiraho amatafari, kuyitunganya no kuyirinda.
Ikibazo cya 4 Uburyo bwo gusya ifu yoroheje ni ubuhe? Ni ibihe biranga?
Igisubizo: Uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta make buvuga uburyo bwo gusiga amatafari, amabuye n'ibindi bikoresho bifite ubugari buto cyane (bugera kuri mm 3). Muri rusange bukoresha agapira k'amenyo ku buso burambuye kugira ngo bugenzure ubunini bw'icyuma gifatana (muri rusange ntiburenze mm 3 ~ 5). Uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta make bufite imiterere yo kwihuta mu bwubatsi, ingaruka nziza zo gusiga amavuta make, umwanya mwiza wo gukoresha mu nzu, kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije.
Ikibazo cya 5 Ni iki kiri inyuma y'agasanduku k'umweru? Kigira ingaruka zite ku gasanduku k'umweru?
Igisubizo: Ni ifu yo gukuraho amatafari ikoreshwa mbere yuko amatafari yinjira mu itanura mu gihe cyo gukora amatafari ya ceramic. Ibintu nk'ibijyanye no kuziba kw'itanura. Ifu yo kurekura iba ihamye mu gihe cyo gutwika amatafari ya ceramic ku bushyuhe bwinshi. Ku bushyuhe busanzwe, ifu yo kurekura iba idafite imbaraga, kandi nta mbaraga ziba hagati y'uduce tw'ifu yo kurekura no hagati y'ifu yo kurekura n'amatafari. Iyo hari ifu yo kurekura idasukuye inyuma y'amatafari, imbaraga z'amatafari zizagabanuka uko bikwiye. Mbere yuko amatafari ashyirwaho, agomba gusukurwa n'amazi cyangwa ifu yo kurekura igomba gukurwaho n'uburoso.
Ikibazo cya 6 Muri rusange bifata igihe kingana iki kubungabunga amatafari nyuma yo gukoresha kole z'amatafari? Ni gute wayabungabunga?
Igisubizo: Muri rusange, nyuma yo gufunga no gukora kole y'amatafari, igomba kuvurwa iminsi 3 kugeza kuri 5 mbere yuko hakorwa iyubakwa ry'amatafari. Mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe busanzwe n'ubushuhe, kubungabunga ibidukikije birahagije.
Ikibazo cya 7 Ni ibihe bisabwa kugira ngo habeho ubuso bwujuje ibisabwa mu bwubatsi bw'imbere mu nzu?
Igisubizo: Ku mishinga yo gushyiramo amatafari ku nkuta zo mu nzu, ibisabwa ku buso bw'ibanze: ubugari, ubugari bwa ≤ 4mm/2m, nta mpande zombi, nta mucanga, nta ifu, n'ishingiro rikomeye.
Ikibazo cya 8 Ubiquinol ni iki?
Igisubizo: Ni alkali ikorwa n'amazi ya sima mu bikoresho bishingiye kuri sima, cyangwa ibintu bya alkali biri mu bikoresho by'imitako bihinduka amazi, bikungahaye ku buso bw'imitako, cyangwa umusaruro wahuye n'umwuka ku buso bw'imitako. Ibi bintu byera, bitarakwirakwira neza bigira ingaruka ku miterere y'ubuso bw'imitako.
Ikibazo cya 9 Kuruhuka no kurira birembye ni iki?
Igisubizo: Mu gihe cyo gukomera kwa sima, hazagaragara imyobo myinshi imbere, kandi iyi myobo ni imiyoboro yo gusohora amazi; iyo sima ihuye n'ubushyuhe n'ihindagurika, hazacikamo ibice; bitewe no kugabanuka no kubakwa, sima irakoroha. Ingoma irimo ubushyuhe munsi y'amatafari. Kalisiyumu hydroxide Ca(OH)2, imwe mu misaruro y'uburyo sima ihura n'amazi, ubwayo ishonga mu mazi, kandi amazi yakuwemo ashobora no gushonga kalisiyumu oxide CaO2 muri gel ya calcium disilicate CSH, ari na yo ikomoka ku buryo sima ihura n'amazi. Imvura ihinduka kalisiyumu hydroxide Ca(OH)2. Umuti w'amazi wa Ca(OH)2 wimukira hejuru y'amatafari unyuze mu mwenge w'amatafari cyangwa ibuye, hanyuma ukinjiza karuboni dioxide CO2 mu kirere kugira ngo ukore kalisiyumu karuboni CaCO3, nibindi, bigwa hejuru y'amatafari, bikunze kwitwa anti-size and hanging tears, bizwi kandi nka whitening.
Indwara yo kurwanya ubunini, kumanika cyangwa kwera igomba kuzuza ibintu byinshi icyarimwe: haboneka calcium hydroxide ihagije, amazi ahagije ashobora kwimuka ajya hejuru, kandi amazi akungahaye kuri calcium hydroxide hejuru ashobora kumara igihe gihagije. Kubwibyo, indwara yo kwera ikunze kubaho mu buryo bunini bwa sima (ifata inyuma) (sima nyinshi, amazi n'imyanda), amatafari adafunze, amatafari ya ceramic cyangwa amabuye (afite imiyoboro y'amazi - imyenge y'imiyoboro), mu ntangiriro z'itumba cyangwa mu mpeshyi (kwimuka kw'ubuso bw'amazi no gushonga), imvura yoroheje kugeza ku rugero rwo hagati (itanga ubushuhe buhagije nta gukaraba ubuso ako kanya). Byongeye kandi, imvura ya aside (kwangirika k'ubuso no gushonga kw'umunyu), amakosa y'abantu (kongeramo amazi no kuvanga ku nshuro ya kabiri mu gihe cyo kubaka), nibindi bizatera cyangwa bikongera ubushuhe. Indwara yo kwera ku buso akenshi igira ingaruka gusa ku isura, kandi zimwe ni iz'igihe gito (calcium carbonate izahura na dioxyde de carbone n'amazi mu kirere maze ihinduke calcium bicarbonate isomba kandi igenda ikurwaho buhoro buhoro). Irinde kwera iyo uhisemo amatafari afite imyenge n'amabuye. Ubusanzwe koresha kole yihariye ya formula y'amatafari n'icyuma gifunga (ubwoko bwa hydrophobic), imiterere y'inyubako nto, kongera imicungire y'aho inyubako ibera (ahantu ho gukingira imvura hakiri kare no gusukura neza amazi avanze, nibindi), ntibishobora kuzana umweru ugaragara cyangwa ngo bibe byera gato.
Amatafari abiri yo gusiga
Ikibazo cya 1 Ni izihe mpamvu n'ingamba zo gukumira ubusumbane bw'urukuta rw'ibumba rumeze nk'urukingo?
Igisubizo: 1) Urusobe rw'ibanze ntirungana.
2) Ubunini bw'icyuma gikoze mu gitereko cyakuweho ntabwo buhagije, kandi icyuma gikoze mu gitereko cyakuweho ntabwo cyuzuye.
3) Hari kole yumye mu mwenge w'amenyo y'agakoresho k'inkoni; agakoresho k'inkoni kagomba gusukurwa.
3) Umuvuduko wo gukurura imashini ni mwinshi cyane; umuvuduko wo gukurura imashini ugomba kugabanywa.
4) Kole y'amatafari ntiravangwa neza, kandi hari uduce tw'ifu, nibindi; kole y'amatafari igomba kuvangwa neza no gukura mbere yo kuyikoresha.
Ikibazo cya 2 Iyo urwego rw'ibanze rugabanutseho ubugari, ni gute wakoresha uburyo bwo gushyiramo uduce duto mu gushyiramo amatafari?
Igisubizo: Mbere na mbere, urwego rw'ibanze rugomba gupimwa kugira ngo ruhuze n'ibisabwa kugira ngo rube ruto ≤ 4mm/2m, hanyuma hagakoreshwa uburyo bwo gusya neza mu kubaka tile.
Ikibazo cya 3 Ni iki kigomba kwitabwaho mu gihe cyo gupakira amatafari ku byuma bitanga umwuka?
Igisubizo: Reba niba inguni za yin na yang z'umuyoboro w'umwuka ziri ku mfuruka ya 90° iburyo mbere yo kuzifunga, kandi urebe neza ko ikosa riri hagati y'inguni iriho n'iherezo ry'umuyoboro ari ≤4mm; ingingo z'amatafari yaciwe ku mfuruka ya yan ya 45° zigomba kuba zingana kandi ntizishobora gufatishwa hafi, bitabaye ibyo imbaraga zo gufatana kw'amatafari zizahinduka (Ubushuhe n'ubushyuhe bizatuma inkombe z'amatafari ziturika kandi zikangirika); shyira ahantu ho kugenzura (kugira ngo wirinde gusukura no gukurura imiyoboro, bizagira ingaruka ku isura).
Ikibazo cya 4 Ni gute washyiraho amatafari yo hasi ukoresheje imiyoboro yo hasi?
Igisubizo: Mu gihe ushyira amatafari yo hasi, shaka ahantu heza ho gutembera kugira ngo amazi agere ahantu hose ashobora kwinjira mu muyoboro w’amazi, hamwe n’ubuhaname bwa 1% kugeza kuri 2%. Niba imiyoboro ibiri yo hasi ishyizwe mu gice kimwe, hagati y’imiyoboro ibiri yo hasi hagomba kuba ahantu hirengeye kandi hashyizwemo amabuye ku mpande zombi; niba ihuye n’amatafari yo ku rukuta n’ayo hasi, amatafari yo hasi agomba gushyirwa ku matafari yo ku rukuta.
Ikibazo cya 5 Ni iki kigomba kwitabwaho iyo kole y'amatafari yumisha vuba ishyizwe hanze?
Igisubizo: Igihe cyose cyo kubika kole y'amatafari yumisha vuba n'igihe cyo guhumeka cy'umwuka ni gito ugereranije n'amatafari asanzwe, bityo ingano yo kuvanga icyarimwe ntigomba kuba nini cyane, kandi ahantu ho gukurura icyarimwe ntihagomba kuba hanini cyane. Bigomba kuba bihuye neza n'ibisabwa. Igicuruzwa gishobora gukoreshwa mu kurangiza kubaka mu gihe. Birabujijwe cyane gukomeza gukoresha kole y'amatafari yatakaje ubushobozi bwo kubaka kandi iri hafi gushonga nyuma yo kongeramo amazi ku nshuro ya kabiri, bitabaye ibyo bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku mbaraga zo gufatana mu ntangiriro no mu nyuma, kandi bishobora gutera umweru mwinshi. Bigomba gukoreshwa bikimara kuvangwa. Iyo byumye vuba cyane, ingano yo kuvanga ishobora kugabanuka, ubushyuhe bw'amazi avanga bushobora kugabanuka neza, kandi umuvuduko wo kuvanga ushobora kugabanuka neza.
Ikibazo cya 6 Ni izihe mpamvu n'ingamba zo gukumira ko imbaraga zifatana zigabanuka cyangwa zigabanuka nyuma yo gufatana kw'amatafari ya ceramic?
Igisubizo: Mbere na mbere, reba ubwiza bw'ibanze, igihe cy'ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa, igipimo cy'ikwirakwizwa ry'amazi n'ibindi bintu. Hanyuma, urebye ubucucike cyangwa igabanuka ry'imbaraga z'ubucucike buterwa n'ubucucike bw'amatafari nyuma y'igihe cyo guhumeka igihe cyo gupfuka, ugomba kumenya ko ubucucike bugomba gupfukanwa mu gihe cyo guhumeka. Mu gihe cyo gupfuka, bugomba gusigwa gato kugira ngo ubucucike bw'amatafari bube bwinshi. Ukurikije imiterere y'ubucucike cyangwa kugabanuka k'ubucucike buterwa no guhindurwa nyuma y'igihe cyo guhindurwa, ugomba kumenya ko muri iki gihe, niba bibaye ngombwa kongera kuvugurura, ubucucike bw'amatafari bugomba kubanza gukurwaho, hanyuma ubucucike bugashyirwamo ubucucike kugira ngo bupfukanwe. Mu gihe cyo gupfuka amatafari manini y'imitako, bitewe n'ingano idahagije y'ubucucike bw'amatafari, buzakurwamo cyane mu gihe cyo gukosora imbere n'inyuma, bizatuma ubucucike bugabanuka, bugatera ubucucike, cyangwa bugabanye ubucucike. Witondere igihe cyo gushyiramo mbere, Ingano ya kole igomba kuba nyayo uko bishoboka kose, kandi intera y'imbere n'inyuma igomba guhindurwa hakoreshejwe inyundo no gukanda. Ubunini bwa kole y'amatafari ntibugomba kuba munsi ya mm 3, kandi intera yo gukurura igomba kuba hafi 25% by'ubunini bwa kole. Ukurikije ubushyuhe n'izuba n'ubunini bwa buri gice cyo gukurura, bigatuma amazi atakaza ku buso bw'igice cya kole, ubuso bwa buri gice cya kole bugomba kugabanuka; iyo kole y'amatafari itakiri ntoya, igomba gukurwaho ikoresheje icyuma gikonjesha. Iyo igihe cyo kuyikosora kirenze kandi ikanashyirwaho ingufu, igomba gukurwamo ikayisimbuza. Niba ubunini bwa kole y'amatafari budahagije, igomba gukurwamo. Icyitonderwa: Ntugashyiremo amazi cyangwa ibindi bintu kuri kole yamaze gukomera kandi ikomeye nyuma y'igihe cyo kuyikoresha, hanyuma uyikoreshe nyuma yo kuyivanga.
Ikibazo cya 7 Mu gihe cyo gusukura impapuro ku buso bw'amatafari, impamvu n'ingamba zo kwirinda ko amatafari agwa?
Igisubizo: Kubera iki kibazo giterwa no gusukura imburagihe, gusukura bigomba gusubikwa, kandi kole y'amatafari igomba kugera ku mbaraga runaka mbere yo gusukura. Niba hari ikibazo cyihutirwa cyo kwihutisha igihe cyo kubaka, ni byiza gukoresha kole y'amatafari yumisha vuba, kandi ishobora gusukurwa nibura amasaha 2 nyuma yo kurangiza kubaka.
Ikibazo cya 8 Ni iki kigomba kwitabwaho mu gihe cyo gupakira amatafari manini?
Igisubizo: Mu gihe ushyira amatafari manini, witondere ibi bikurikira: 1) Shyira kole mu gihe cy'umurima w'amatafari. 2) Koresha kole ihagije icyarimwe kugira ngo wirinde kole ihagije, bigatuma ukeneye kongera kuyishyiramo.
Ikibazo cya 9 Ni gute wakwizeza ko amatafari yoroshye ya ceramic ari meza nk'ibikoresho bishya byo gushushanya?
Igisubizo: Kole yatoranijwe igomba kugeragezwa hakoreshejwe amatafari yoroshye ya ceramic, kandi kole ifite kole ikomeye igomba gutoranywa kugira ngo ikomekwe.
Ikibazo cya 10 Ese amatafari agomba kwinjizwa mu mazi mbere yo kuyashyiramo?
Igisubizo: Mu guhitamo kole z’amatafari zikwiye gukoreshwa mu gupakira, amatafari ntagomba kwinjizwa mu mazi, kandi kole z’amatafari ubwazo zifite ubushobozi bwo kubika amazi neza.
Ikibazo cya 11 Ni gute washyiraho amatafari mu gihe hari icyuho kinini mu buryo fatizo bw'ifatizo?
Igisubizo: 1) Gutegura mbere y'uko ibintu bihinduka; 2) Kubaka hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo guhuza.
Ikibazo cya 12 Mu bihe bisanzwe, nyuma y'igihe kingana iki inyubako yo kuzimya amazi irangiye, ese gushyiramo amatafari no gufunga ibyuma bishobora gutangira?
Igisubizo: Biterwa n'ubwoko bw'ibikoresho bidapfa amazi. Ihame ry'ibanze ni uko ibikoresho bidapfa amazi bishobora gushyirwaho amatafari gusa nyuma yuko bigeze ku bunini busabwa mu gushyiramo amatafari. Gerageza kwerekana.
Ikibazo cya 13 Muri rusange, nyuma y'igihe kingana iki cyo gushyiramo amatafari no gufunga ibyuma, bishobora gukoreshwa?
Igisubizo: Nyuma yo gufunga, ishobora gukoreshwa nyuma yo gushya mu buryo bw’umwimerere mu gihe cy’iminsi 5-7 (igomba kongerwa igihe gikwiye mu gihe cy’itumba n’imvura).
2.1 Imirimo rusange y'imbere mu nzu
Ikibazo cya 1 Mu gihe utera amabuye cyangwa amatafari y'amabara yoroheje hamwe n'amatafari y'amabara yijimye, ni izihe mpamvu n'ingamba zo guhangana n'ibara ry'amabuye cyangwa amatafari zihinduka?
Igisubizo: Impamvu ni uko ibuye ry'umukara ridafite ubushobozi bwo kwinjira neza, kandi ibara ry'icyuma gifata amatafari y'umukara rishobora kwinjira mu buso. Icyuma gifata amatafari y'umukara cyangwa y'umukara ni byiza. Byongeye kandi, iyo ushyizeho amabuye yoroshye kwanduza, witondere igifuniko cy'inyuma n'igifuniko cy'imbere kandi ukoreshe ibikoresho by'icyuma byuma vuba kugira ngo wirinde kwanduza amabuye.
Ikibazo cya 2 Nigute wakwirinda ko imigozi y'amatafari idagororotse kandi ubuso butari bworoshye?
Igisubizo: 1) Amatafari areba imbere agomba gutoranywa neza mu gihe cyo kubaka kugira ngo hirindwe ko habaho guhuza hagati y’amatafari yegeranye bitewe n’uko ingano n’imiterere y’amatafari bidahuye. Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa gusiga amatafari ahagije no gukoresha amakarita y’amatafari.
2) Kumenya uburebure bw'ifatizo, kandi buri ngingo y'uburebure igomba kuba igengwa n'umupaka wo hejuru w'umurongo (reba udusebe). Nyuma y'uko umurongo wose ushyizweho, ugomba gusuzumwa utambitse kandi uhagaze hamwe n'umurongo mu gihe, kandi ugakosorwa mu gihe; niba umushono urenze ikosa ryemewe, ugomba Kuramo amatafari yo ku rukuta (hepfo) ku gihe kugira ngo usimbuze kole y'amatafari kugira ngo yongere gukoreshwa.
Ni byiza gukoresha uburyo bwo gukurura mu bwubatsi.
Ikibazo cya 3 Imirimo yo kubaka mu nzu, ni gute wabara ingano y'amatafari areba imbere, kole y'amatafari n'ibikoresho bifunga?
Igisubizo: Mbere yo gupakira amatafari mu nzu, banza ushyireho gahunda ukurikije amabwiriza y'amatafari, kandi ubare ingano y'amatafari areba imbere (amatafari yo ku rukuta n'ayo hasi abarwa ukwayo) ukurikije ibyavuye mu ipakurura n'igihombo cy'ubuso bwo gupakira + (10% ~ 15%).
Mu gushyira amatafari mu buryo bwo gusiga, ubugari bw'urwego rw'ubufatamabati muri rusange ni 3 ~ 5mm, kandi ingano y'ubufatamabati (ibikoresho byumye) ni 5 ~ 8kg / m2 hashingiwe ku mibare ya 1.6kg y'ibikoresho kuri metero kare ku bugari bwa 1mm.
Ifishi y'ikigereranyo cy'ingano y'ikintu gitera gufunga:
Ingano y'icyuma gifunga = [(uburebure bw'itafari + ubugari bw'itafari) * ubugari bw'itafari * ubugari bw'ingingo * 2/(uburebure bw'itafari * ubugari bw'itafari)], kg/㎡
Ikibazo cya 4 Mu bwubatsi bw'imbere, ni gute wakwirinda ko amatafari y'urukuta n'ay'ubutaka ahinduka ubucucike bitewe n'ubwubatsi?
Igisubizo cya mbere: 1) Hitamo kole ikwiye yo gufunga amatafari;
2) Gufata neza inyuma y'amatafari n'ubuso bw'ifatizo;
3) Kole y'amatafari iravunganywa neza kandi ikuze kugira ngo hirindwe ifu yumye;
4) Ukurikije igihe cyo gufungura n'umuvuduko w'inyubako ya kole y'amatafari, hindura agace ko gukurura ka kole y'amatafari;
5) Koresha uburyo bwo guhuza kugira ngo ugabanye ikibazo cy'ubuso budahagije bwo guhuza;
6) Gufata neza kugira ngo ugabanye guhindagura kw'izuba hakiri kare.
Igisubizo cya 2: 1) Mbere yo gushyira amatafari, banza urebe neza ko ubugari n'ubugari bw'urwego rw'ibumba ruringaniye ari ≤ 4mm/2m;
2) Ku matafari y'ingano zitandukanye, hitamo utubuto tw'amenyo dufite ibisobanuro bikwiye;
3) Amatafari manini agomba gusigwaho kole y'amatafari inyuma y'amatafari;
4) Nyuma yo gushyiraho amatafari, koresha inyundo ya rubber kugira ngo uyakomereze kandi uhindure ubugari bwayo.
Ikibazo cya 5 Ni gute wafata neza insinga zirambuye nk'imfuruka za yin na yang, amabuye y'inzugi, n'imiyoboro y'amazi yo hasi?
Igisubizo: Imfuruka za yin na yang zigomba kuba ku mfuruka y'iburyo ya dogere 90 nyuma yo gushyiraho tile, kandi ikosa ry'inguni hagati y'impera rigomba kuba ≤4mm. Uburebure n'ubugari bw'ibuye ry'umuryango bihuye n'igipfundikizo cy'umuryango. Iyo uruhande rumwe ari inzira n'uruhande rundi ari icyumba cyo kuraramo, ibuye ry'umuryango rigomba kuba risukuye hasi ku mpande zombi; uburebure bwa mm 5 ~ 8 ugereranyije n'ubutaka bwo mu bwiherero kugira ngo bigire uruhare mu kubika amazi. Mu gushyiraho terefone yo hasi, menya neza ko terefone yo hasi iri munsi ya mm 1 ugereranyije n'amatafari ayikikije; terefone yo hasi ntishobora kwanduza valve yo hasi y'umuyoboro wo hasi (bizatera amazi gutakaza), kandi ni byiza gukoresha terefone yo hasi ya sima yoroshye mu gushyiraho terefone yo hasi.
Ikibazo cya 6 Ni iki kigomba kwitabwaho mu gihe cyo gukomata amatafari ku nkuta zoroheje zigabanyamo imigozi y'icyuma?
Igisubizo: Hakwiye kwitabwaho ibi bikurikira: 1) Imbaraga z'urwego rw'ibanze zigomba kuba zihuye n'ibisabwa kugira ngo imiterere ihamye. Inyubako ya kabiri n'inyubako y'umwimerere bihujwe muri rusange n'urukuta rwa galvanised.
2) Ukurikije igipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi, ubuso n'uburemere bw'amatafari, huza hanyuma uhitemo kole y'amatafari;
3) Kugira ngo uhitemo inzira ikwiye yo guparika, ugomba gukoresha uburyo bwo guhuza kugira ngo upake kandi uhanagure amatafari aho ari.
Ikibazo cya 7 Mu gace gahindagurika, urugero, iyo ushyira amatafari ahantu hashobora gutembera nk'ibyumba by'ameza, ni ibihe bintu by'ibikoresho byo gupfunyika bigomba kwitabwaho?
Igisubizo: Mu gushyira amatafari kuri ubwo bwoko bw'igice, ni ngombwa kwibanda ku buryo kole y'amatafari ihinduka, ni ukuvuga ubushobozi bwo guhindura isura ku ruhande. Uko ubushobozi bukomera, bivuze ko urwego rw'amatafari rudahinduka byoroshye iyo urufatiro runyeganyejwe kandi ruhinduka. Hari aho imyobo igwa, kandi igakomeza gukora neza.
2.2 Imirimo rusange yo hanze
Ikibazo cya 1 Ni iki kigomba kwitabwaho mu gihe cyo kubaka amatafari yo hanze mu mpeshyi?
Igisubizo: Itondere akazi ko kurinda izuba no kurinda imvura. Mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuyaga mwinshi, igihe cyo guhumeka kizaba gito cyane. Ahantu ho gukata kole ya porcelain ntihagomba kuba hanini cyane, kugira ngo hirindwe ko urubura rukuma bitewe n'uko ifu itaragera. Bitera ububobere.
Icyitonderwa: 1) Guhitamo ibikoresho bihuye; 2) Irinde kwibasirwa n'izuba saa sita; 3) Igicucu; 4) Kangura gato hanyuma ukoreshe vuba bishoboka.
Ikibazo cya 2 Ni gute wakwizeza ko igice kinini cy'ishingiro ry'urukuta rw'inyuma rw'amatafari kitagira ubugari?
Igisubizo: Ubugari bw'ubuso bw'ibanze bugomba kuba bwujuje ibisabwa mu buryo bw'ubwubatsi. Niba ubugari bw'ubuso bunini ari bubi cyane, bugomba kongera gupimwa hakoreshejwe insinga. Niba hari agace gato gafite imiyoboro, bugomba gupimwa mbere. Niba agace gato gafite imiyoboro, gashobora gupimwa na kole mbere.
Ikibazo cya 3 Ni ibihe bisabwa kugira ngo habeho ubuso bwujuje ibisabwa bwo kubaka hanze?
Igisubizo: Ibisabwa by'ibanze ni ibi bikurikira: 1) Ingufu z'ubuso bw'ibanze zirakenewe kugira ngo bukomere; 2) Uburebure bw'urwego rw'ibanze buri mu rugero rusanzwe.
Ikibazo cya 4 Ni gute wakwizeza ko ubuso bunini buzaba bugororotse nyuma yo gushingwa amatafari ku rukuta rwo hanze?
Igisubizo: 1) Icyiciro cy'ibanze kigomba kubanza kuba gishashe;
2) Amatafari yo ku rukuta agomba kuba yujuje ibisabwa n'ibipimo ngenderwaho by'igihugu, afite ubugari bumwe n'ubuso bw'amatafari bworoshye, nibindi;
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-29-2022