Seliluloseni cyo gice cy'ingenzi cy'inkuta z'uturemangingo tw'ibimera, kandi ni polysaccharide ikwirakwira cyane kandi iboneka cyane mu miterere yayo, ikaba igizwe na 50% by'ibinyabutabire bya karuboni mu bwami bw'ibimera. Muri byo, ibinyabutabire bya selulose biri mu ipamba biri hafi 100%, ari na yo soko y'ibinyabutabire karemano. Muri rusange, selulose igizwe na 40-50%, kandi hari 10-30% bya hemicellulose na 20-30% bya lignin. Cellulose ether ni ijambo rusange risobanura ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibikomoka kuri selulose karemano nk'ibikoresho fatizo binyuze mu guhindurwa. Ni umusaruro ukorwa nyuma y'uko amatsinda ya hydroxyl kuri macromolecules za selulose asimbuwe igice cyangwa burundu n'amatsinda ya ether. Hariho imigozi ya hydrogen iri hagati y'umunyururu n'iminyururu muri macromolecules za selulose, bigoye gushonga mu mazi no mu binyabutabire hafi ya byose, ariko nyuma yo guhindurwa, kwinjiza amatsinda ya ether bishobora kunoza ubwiza bw'amazi no kongera cyane ubushobozi bwo gushonga mu mazi no mu binyabutabire karemano. Imiterere y'ubuhumekero.
Cellulose ether izwiho kuba "monosodium glutamate" mu nganda. Ifite imiterere myiza nko gukurura amazi, gushonga neza, guhagarara neza cyangwa guhagarara neza, gukora firime, kubika amazi, no gufatana. Nanone ntabwo ari uburozi kandi nta buryohe ifite, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi, ubuvuzi, ibiryo, imyenda, imiti ya buri munsi, gushakisha peteroli, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, gukora impapuro, polimeri, ikirere n'ahandi henshi. Cellulose ether ifite ibyiza byo gukoreshwa mu buryo bwagutse, ikoreshwa rito, ingaruka nziza zo guhindura, no kubungabunga ibidukikije. Ishobora kunoza cyane no kunoza imikorere y'ibicuruzwa mu rwego rwo kongeramo, ibyo bikaba ingirakamaro mu kunoza imikorere myiza y'umutungo n'agaciro k'ibicuruzwa. Inyongeramusaruro zirengera ibidukikije ni ingenzi mu nzego zitandukanye.
Dukurikije uburyo eteri ya cellulose ikoreshwa mu kuyiyoni, ubwoko bw'ibintu bisimburana n'itandukaniro mu gushonga, eteri ya cellulose ishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bitandukanye. Dukurikije ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibintu bisimburana, eteri za cellulose zishobora kugabanywamo eteri imwe n'eteri zivanze. Dukurikije uburyo ishonga, eteri ya cellulose ishobora kugabanywamo ibicuruzwa bishonga mu mazi n'ibidashonga mu mazi. Dukurikije uburyo ikoreshwa mu kuyiyoni, ishobora kugabanywamo ibicuruzwa bya ionic, bitari ionic n'ibivanze. Muri eteri za cellulose zishonga mu mazi, eteri za cellulose zitari ionic nka HPMC zifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe n'umunyu kurusha eteri za cellulose za ionic (CMC).
Ese cellulose ether itera imbere gute mu nganda?
Eteri ya selulosi ikorwa mu ipamba itunganyijwe binyuze mu gutera alkali, eteri n'izindi ntambwe. Uburyo bwo gukora HPMC yo mu rwego rwa farumasi na HPMC yo mu rwego rwa food grade muri rusange ni bumwe. Ugereranyije na eteri ya selulosi yo mu rwego rwa farumasi, uburyo bwo gukora HPMC yo mu rwego rwa farumasi na HPMC yo mu rwego rwa food grade bisaba eteri ikorwa mu buryo burambuye, ibyo bikaba bigoye, bigoye kugenzura uburyo bwo gukora, kandi bisaba isuku ikomeye y'ibikoresho n'aho bikorerwa.
Dukurikije imibare yatanzwe n’Ishyirahamwe ry’Inganda za Cellulose mu Bushinwa, ubushobozi bwose bw’inganda zikora ether za cellulose zitari ionic zifite ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gukora mu gihugu, nka Hercules Temple, Shandong Heda, n’izindi, burenze 50% by’ubushobozi bwose bw’igihugu bwo gukora. Hari izindi nganda nyinshi nto zikora ether za cellulose zitari ionic zifite ubushobozi bwo gukora munsi ya toni 4.000. Uretse ibigo bike, byinshi muri byo bikora ether za cellulose zisanzwe zo mu rwego rw’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi, zifite ubushobozi bwose bwo gukora toni zigera ku 100.000 ku mwaka. Kubera kubura imbaraga z’amafaranga, ibigo byinshi bito binanirwa kuzuza amahame yo kurengera ibidukikije mu ishoramari mu gutunganya amazi no gutunganya imyuka ihumanya kugira ngo bigabanye ikiguzi cyo gukora. Uko igihugu n’umuryango wose birushaho kwita ku kurengera ibidukikije, ibyo bigo mu nganda bitashoboye kuzuza ibisabwa mu kurengera ibidukikije bizahagarika buhoro buhoro cyangwa bikagabanya umusaruro. Muri icyo gihe, ubwinshi bw’inganda zikora ether za cellulose mu gihugu cyanjye buzakomeza kwiyongera.
Politiki zo kurengera ibidukikije mu ngo zirimo kugenda zirushaho gukomera, kandi hashyizweho amabwiriza akomeye ku ikoranabuhanga ryo kurengera ibidukikije n'ishoramari mu bikorwa byo kubikoraeteri ya seluloseIngamba zo kurengera ibidukikije zikoreshwa mu buryo buhanitse zongerera ikiguzi cy’umusaruro w’ibigo ndetse zigashyiraho umurongo ngenderwaho wo kurengera ibidukikije. Ibigo bidashobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu kurengera ibidukikije bishobora gufungwa buhoro buhoro cyangwa bikagabanya umusaruro bitewe no kutubahiriza amahame agenga kurengera ibidukikije. Dukurikije raporo y’ikigo, ibigo bigabanya umusaruro buhoro buhoro bigahagarika umusaruro bitewe n’ibintu birengera ibidukikije bishobora gusaba ko habaho toni zigera ku 30.000 ku mwaka za eteri isanzwe ya cellulose, ibi bikaba ari byiza mu kwagura ibigo bifite inyungu.
Ishingiye kuri eteri ya selulosi, ikomeje kugera ku bicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi bifite agaciro kanini.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 25 Mata 2024