Eteri ya selulosini polymeri idakora ioni, ishonga mu mazi kandi ishonga mu buryo bwa solvent. Igira ingaruka zitandukanye mu nganda zitandukanye. Urugero, mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya shimi, igira ingaruka zikurikira:
①Ibintu bifata amazi ②Ibyimbisha ③Ibintu byo kunganya ④Ibintu byo gukora firime ⑤Umufunga
Mu nganda za polyvinyl chloride, ni emulsifier na dispersant; mu nganda zikora imiti, ni igikoresho gifunga kandi gisohora buhoro buhoro kandi kikagenzurwa, nibindi. Kubera ko cellulose ifite ingaruka zitandukanye, ikoreshwa ryayo ni naryo rinini cyane. Ibi bikurikira byibanda ku ikoreshwa n'imikorere ya cellulose ether mu bikoresho bitandukanye by'ubwubatsi.
(1) Mu irangi rya latex:
I. Ongeraho mu buryo butaziguye mu musaruro: ubu buryo bugomba guhitamo ubwoko bwa hydroxyethyl cellulose bwatinze, na hydroxyethyl cellulose ifite igihe cyo gushonga iminota irenga 30, intambwe zo kuyikoresha ni izi zikurikira:
① Shyira amazi meza mu kintu kirimo imashini ivanga cyane
②Tangira ubyuke ubudasiba ku muvuduko muto, kandi icyarimwe wongere buhoro buhoro hydroxyethyl mu gisubizo kimwe
③Komeza kuvanga kugeza igihe utubuto twose twuzuye
④Ongeramo izindi nyongeramusaruro n'ibindi by'ibanze, n'ibindi.
⑤Kangura kugeza amatsinda yose ya hydroxyethyl ashongeshejwe burundu, hanyuma wongeremo ibindi bice muri formula, hanyuma usya kugeza igihe birangiye.
Ⅱ. Ifite inzoga y'inka kugira ngo ikoreshwe nyuma: Ubu buryo bushobora guhitamo selulose ihita ikoreshwa, ifite ingaruka zo kurwanya ubwivumbure. Akamaro k'ubu buryo ni uko bufite ubworoherane bwinshi kandi bushobora kongerwamo irangi rya latex. Uburyo bwo gutegura ni bumwe n'intambwe ①-④.
Ⅲ. Tegura igikoma cyo kuzakoresha nyuma: Kubera ko ibikomoka ku bimera ari ibikomoka ku bimera bidashonga neza (bidashonga neza) kuri hydroxyethyl, ibi bikomoka ku bimera bishobora gukoreshwa mu gutegura igikoma. Ibikomoka ku bimera bikunze gukoreshwa ni ibikomoka ku bimera mu irangi rya latex, nka ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, n'ibintu bikora filime (nka diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Igikoma cya hydroxyethyl cellulose gishobora kongerwamo irangi mu buryo butaziguye. Komeza uvange kugeza bishonge neza.
(2) Mu ifu yo gukurura inkuta:
Muri iki gihe, mu mijyi myinshi yo mu gihugu cyanjye, putty irinda amazi kandi irinda ibidukikije yakunze guhabwa agaciro n'abantu. Ikorwa na acetal ya alcool ya vinyl na formaldehyde. Kubwibyo, ibi bikoresho bikurwaho buhoro buhoro n'abantu, kandi ibikoresho bya cellulose ether bikoreshwa mu gusimbuza ibi bikoresho. Ni ukuvuga ko, mu guteza imbere ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi birengera ibidukikije, cellulose ni yo yonyine ikoreshwa.
Bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa selulose, uburyo putty ikomeza kwiyongera, kandi ikintu cyo kugabanuka mu gihe cyo kubaka nacyo kirindwa, kandi birushaho koroha kandi bigafasha mu kugabanya imirimo nyuma yo gukurura. Biroroshye kongeramo ether ya selulose muri putty y'ifu. Ikorwa ryayo n'ikoreshwa ryayo biroroshye. Ibyuzuza n'inyongera bishobora kuvangwa neza mu ifu yumye.
(3) Sima ya sima:
Mu gikoresho cya sima, kugira ngo sima igere ku mbaraga zidasanzwe, sima igomba kuba yuzuye amazi. Cyane cyane mu gihe cy'izuba, igikoresho cya sima gitakaza amazi vuba cyane, kandi ibipimo by'amazi yuzuye bikoreshwa mu kubungabunga no kumisha amazi. Gusesagura umutungo no gukora nabi. Icy'ingenzi ni uko amazi aba ari hejuru gusa, kandi amazi yo mu nda ntayo yuzuye. Kubwibyo, igisubizo cy'iki kibazo ni ukongeramo ibintu umunani bibungabunga amazi muri sima ya sima. Muri rusange, hydroxypropyl methyl cyangwa methyl Cellulose, imiterere y'ubushyuhe iri hagati ya 20000-60000cps, kandi ingano y'inyongera ni 2%-3%. Igipimo cyo kubika amazi gishobora kongerwa kikarenga 85%. Uburyo bwo gukoresha muri sima ya sima ni ukuvanga ifu yumye neza hanyuma ukayisuka mu mazi.
(4)Mu gusigwa gypsum, gypsum ifatanye, gypsum ifatana:
Bitewe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda z’ubwubatsi, abantu bakenera ibikoresho bishya by’ubwubatsi nabyo biriyongera umunsi ku wundi. Bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’ubumenyi bw’abantu ku kurengera ibidukikije no gukomeza kunoza imikorere y’ubwubatsi, ibikoresho bya gypsum bikozwe muri sima byateye imbere vuba. Kuri ubu, ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa muri gypsum ni gypsum ikoreshwa cyane, gypsum ikoreshwa mu gusigwa, gypsum ikoreshwa mu gusigwa, gypsum ikoreshwa mu gusigwa, na kole y’amatafari. Gusigwa gypsum ni ibikoresho byiza byo gusigwa ku nkuta no ku gisenge imbere. Ubuso bw’urukuta buyikoreshejwe ni bwiza kandi buroroshye. Kole nshya y’urubaho rw’amatara ni ibikoresho bifatana byakozwe muri gypsum nk’ibikoresho by’ibanze n’ibindi bikoresho bitandukanye. Ikwiriye guhuza hagati y’ibikoresho bitandukanye by’inkuta z’ubwubatsi. Ntigira uburozi, Ntigira impumuro mbi, ikomeye kare kandi yihuta, ifatanya cyane n’ibindi bintu, ni ibikoresho bishyigikira imbaho z’ubwubatsi n’ubwubatsi bw’amatafari; icyuma gikingira gypsum ni icyuma gifunga hagati y’imbaho za gypsum n’icyuma gisana inkuta n’imiyoboro.
Ibi bicuruzwa bya gypsum bifite urukurikirane rw'imirimo itandukanye. Uretse uruhare rwa gypsum n'ibindi bifitanye isano, ikibazo cy'ingenzi ni uko inyongera za eteri za cellulose zigira uruhare runini. Kubera ko gypsum igabanyijemo gypsum idakora na gypsum ya hemihydrate, gypsum itandukanye igira ingaruka zitandukanye ku mikorere y'umusaruro, bityo gukomera, kubika amazi no kugabanya ubwiza bw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya gypsum. Ikibazo gikunze kugaragara kuri ibi bikoresho ni ukubura no kwangirika, kandi imbaraga za mbere ntizishobora kugerwaho. Kugira ngo ukemure iki kibazo, ni uguhitamo ubwoko bwa cellulose n'uburyo bwo gukoresha imvange bwa retarder. Muri uru rwego, methyl cyangwa hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 muri rusange ni byo bitoranywa. –60000cps, ingano yiyongereyeho iri hagati ya 1.5% na 2%, kandi icyibandwaho cya cellulose ni ukubika amazi no kugabanya amavuta. Ariko, ntibishoboka kwishingikiriza kuri eteri ya cellulose nk'iretarder, kandi ni ngombwa kongeramo retarder ya aside citric kugira ngo uyivange kandi uyikoreshe nta ngaruka ku mbaraga za mbere.
Gufata amazi muri rusange bivuga ingano y'amazi azatakara mu buryo busanzwe nta mazi yo hanze ajugunywemo. Iyo urukuta rwumye cyane, gukurura amazi no guhumeka ku butaka bw'ibanze bizatuma ibikoresho bitakaza amazi vuba cyane, kandi hazavuka n'ubusamo. Ubu buryo bwo gukoresha buvanze n'ifu yumye. Niba utegura umuti, nyamuneka reba uburyo bwo gutegura umuti.
(5) Sima ikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi
Uduce duto two gukingira insulation ni ubwoko bushya bw'ibikoresho byo gukingira insulation imbere mu gace k'amajyaruguru. Ni ibikoresho byo ku rukuta byakozwe n'ibikoresho byo gukingira insulation, utwo duce duto n'uduce dufata. Muri iki gikoresho, cellulose igira uruhare runini mu guhuza no kongera imbaraga. Muri rusange hitamo cellulose ya methyl ifite ubukana bwinshi (hafi 10000eps), ingano muri rusange iri hagati ya 2%-3%, kandi uburyo bwo kuyikoresha ni ukuvanga ifu yumye.
(6) Umukozi ushinzwe ikoreshwa ry'interuro
HitamoHPMC20000cps ku kintu gihuza imiterere y'amatafari, hitamo 60000cps cyangwa irenga ku kintu gihuza imiterere y'amatafari, kandi wibande ku kintu gihuza imiterere y'amatafari, gishobora kongera imbaraga zo gukurura no kurwanya umwambi. Gikoreshwa nk'ikintu gihuza amazi mu gufatanya kw'amatafari kugira ngo hirindwe ko amatafari yashira vuba cyane kandi agagwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 25 Mata 2024