Gyaran Cellulose etherification

01. Gabatarwar cellulose

Cellulose wani sinadari ne mai yawan ƙwayoyin halitta wanda ya ƙunshi glucose. Ba ya narkewa a cikin ruwa da kuma sinadarai masu narkewa na halitta gabaɗaya. Shi ne babban sinadari na bangon ƙwayoyin shuka, kuma shi ne polysaccharide mafi yaɗuwa kuma mafi yawan halitta.

Cellulose ita ce mafi yawan albarkatun da ake sabuntawa a duniya, kuma ita ce polymer ta halitta wadda take da mafi yawan tarin abubuwa. Tana da fa'idodin kasancewa mai sabuntawa, mai lalacewa gaba ɗaya, da kuma kyakkyawan jituwa da halittu.

02. Dalilan gyara cellulose

Kwayoyin halittar Cellulose suna ɗauke da adadi mai yawa na ƙungiyoyin -OH. Saboda tasirin haɗin hydrogen, ƙarfin da ke tsakanin ƙwayoyin halittar macromolecules yana da girma sosai, wanda zai haifar da babban narkewar enthalpy △H; a gefe guda kuma, akwai zobba a cikin ƙwayoyin halittar cellulose. Kamar tsari, tauri na sarkar kwayoyin halitta ya fi girma, wanda zai haifar da ƙaramin canjin narkewar entropy ΔS. Waɗannan dalilai guda biyu suna sa zafin narkewar cellulose (= △H / △S) ya fi girma, kuma zafin rushewar cellulose yana da ƙasa kaɗan. Saboda haka, lokacin da aka dumama cellulose zuwa wani zafin jiki, zare za su bayyana. Abin da ya faru shine cewa cellulose ya lalace kafin ya fara narkewa, saboda haka, sarrafa kayan cellulose ba zai iya ɗaukar hanyar narkewar farko sannan a yi masa ƙira ba.

03. Muhimmancin gyaran cellulose

Tare da raguwar albarkatun burbushin halittu a hankali da kuma matsalolin muhalli da ke ƙara tsananta sakamakon yadin da aka yi da sinadarai masu guba, haɓakawa da amfani da kayan zare masu sabuntawa na halitta ya zama ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da mutane ke mai da hankali a kai. Cellulose ita ce mafi yawan albarkatun halitta masu sabuntawa a yanayi. Yana da kyawawan halaye kamar kyakkyawan hygroscopicity, antistatic, iska mai ƙarfi da ke shiga, kyakkyawan rini, sanyaya da kwanciyar hankali, sauƙin sarrafa yadi, da kuma lalata yanayin halitta. Yana da halaye waɗanda ba za a iya kwatanta su da zare masu sinadarai ba.

Kwayoyin Cellulose suna ɗauke da adadi mai yawa na ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl, waɗanda suke da sauƙin samar da haɗin hydrogen a cikin ƙwayoyin halitta da kuma a cikin ƙwayoyin halitta, kuma suna ruɓewa a yanayin zafi mai yawa ba tare da narkewa ba. Duk da haka, cellulose yana da kyakkyawan amsawa, kuma haɗin hydrogen ɗinsa na iya lalacewa ta hanyar gyara sinadarai ko amsawar dasawa, wanda zai iya rage wurin narkewa yadda ya kamata. A matsayin nau'ikan samfuran masana'antu, ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin yadi, rabuwar membrane, robobi, taba da kuma rufin.

04. Gyaran Cellulose etherification

Cellulose ether wani nau'in sinadarin cellulose ne da aka samo ta hanyar gyaran sinadarin etherification na cellulose. Ana amfani da shi sosai saboda kyawun kauri, emulsification, dakatarwa, samuwar fim, kariya daga colloid, riƙe danshi, da kuma mannewa. Ana amfani da shi a abinci, magani, yin takarda, fenti, kayan gini, da sauransu.

Etherification of cellulose jerin abubuwan da aka samo asali ne da aka samar ta hanyar amsawar ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl akan sarkar ƙwayoyin cellulose tare da wakilan alkylating a ƙarƙashin yanayin alkaline. Amfani da ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl yana rage adadin haɗin hydrogen na intermolecular don rage ƙarfin intermolecular, don haka yana inganta kwanciyar hankali na zafi na cellulose, inganta aikin sarrafa kayan aiki, da kuma a lokaci guda rage wurin narkewar cellulose.

Misalan tasirin gyaran etherification akan wasu ayyukan cellulose:

Ta amfani da auduga mai kyau a matsayin kayan asali, masu binciken sun yi amfani da tsarin etherification mataki ɗaya don shirya carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose complex ether tare da amsawa iri ɗaya, babban danko, kyakkyawan juriyar acid da juriyar gishiri ta hanyar alkalization da etherification halayen. Ta amfani da tsarin etherification mataki ɗaya, carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose da aka samar yana da kyakkyawan juriyar gishiri, juriyar acid da kuma narkewa. Ta hanyar canza adadin propylene oxide da chloroacetic acid, ana iya shirya samfuran da ke da abubuwan da ke cikin carboxymethyl da hydroxypropyl daban-daban. Sakamakon gwajin ya nuna cewa carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose da aka samar ta hanyar mataki ɗaya yana da ɗan gajeren zagayowar samarwa, ƙarancin amfani da sinadarai, kuma samfurin yana da kyakkyawan juriya ga gishirin monovalent da divalent da kuma kyakkyawan juriyar acid.

05. Hasashen gyaran cellulose etherification

Cellulose muhimmin abu ne na sinadarai da sinadarai wanda ke da wadataccen albarkatu, kore da kuma mai kyau ga muhalli, kuma mai sabuntawa. Abubuwan da aka samo daga gyaran cellulose etherification suna da kyakkyawan aiki, amfani mai yawa da kuma tasirin amfani mai kyau, kuma suna biyan buƙatun tattalin arzikin ƙasa zuwa babban mataki. Kuma buƙatun ci gaban zamantakewa, tare da ci gaba da ci gaban fasaha da kuma cimma kasuwanci a nan gaba, idan kayan aikin roba da hanyoyin roba na abubuwan da aka samo daga cellulose za su iya zama masu masana'antu, za a yi amfani da su sosai kuma a cimma fa'idodi daban-daban. Darajar