I-ether ye-celluloseigama elijwayelekile lezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto ezitholakala ku-cellulose yemvelo (ukotini ocwengekile kanye ne-pulp yokhuni, njll.) Umkhiqizo ophumayo uyi-derivative ye-cellulose engezansi. Ngemva kokufakelwa, i-cellulose iyancibilika emanzini, inciphise isisombululo se-alkali kanye ne-solvent ephilayo, futhi ine-thermoplasticity. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-cellulose ethers, ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni, kusimende, upende, imithi, ukudla, uphethiloli, amakhemikhali ansuku zonke, izindwangu, ukwenza amaphepha kanye nezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi kanye neminye imboni. Ngokwenani lezinto ezisetshenziswa esikhundleni sazo, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-ether eyodwa kanye ne-ether exubile, futhi ngokusho kwe-ionization, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-ionic cellulose ether kanye ne-non-ionic cellulose ether. Njengamanje, imikhiqizo ye-ionic cellulose ether ye-ionic inobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuvuthiwe, ukulungiswa okulula, izindleko eziphansi, kanye nezithiyo zemboni eziphansi. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezithasiselweni zokudla, izinsiza zendwangu, amakhemikhali ansuku zonke kanye neminye imikhakha, futhi yimikhiqizo eyinhloko emakethe.
Njengamanje, ama-cellulose ether adumile emhlabeni wonkeI-CMC, i-HPMC, i-MC, i-HEC, njll. Phakathi kwazo, i-CMC inomkhiqizo omkhulu kunayo yonke, ohlanganisa cishe ingxenye yomkhiqizo womhlaba wonke, kuyilapho i-HPMC kanye ne-MC ziqukethe cishe u-33% wesidingo somhlaba wonke, kanyeI-HECibiza cishe u-50% wesidingo somhlaba wonke. U-13% wemakethe. Ukusetshenziswa kokugcina okubaluleke kakhulu kwe-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) insipho, ebiza cishe u-22% wesidingo semakethe esezansi, kanti eminye imikhiqizo isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni yezinto zokwakha, ukudla kanye nemithi.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingezansi
Esikhathini esidlule, ngenxa yentuthuko encane yesidingo sezwe lakithi se-cellulose ether emikhakheni yamakhemikhali ansuku zonke, imithi, ukudla, izembozo, njll., isidingo se-cellulose ether eShayina sasigxile kakhulu emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha. Kuze kube namuhla, imboni yezinto zokwakha isabala u-33% wesidingo se-cellulose ether sezwe lakithi. Isidingo se-cellulose ether sezwe lakithi emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha sesigcwele, futhi isidingo emikhakheni yamakhemikhali ansuku zonke, imithi, ukudla, izembozo, njll. sikhula ngokushesha ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa. Isibonelo, eminyakeni yamuva nje, ama-capsule emifino ane-cellulose ether njengezinto ezisetshenziswayo eziyinhloko, kanye nenyama yokwenziwa, umkhiqizo osafufusa owenziwe nge-cellulose ether, anamathuba amaningi okukhula.
Uma sithatha insimu yezinto zokwakha njengesibonelo, i-cellulose ether inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu njengokuqina, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, kanye nokulibaziseka. Ngakho-ke, i-cellulose ether yezinga lezinto zokwakha isetshenziswa kabanzi ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-mortar exutshwe ngomumo (kufaka phakathi i-mortar exutshwe ngamanzi kanye ne-mortar exutshwe nowomile), i-PVC resin, njll., upende we-latex, i-putty, njll., kufaka phakathi ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo yezinto zokwakha. Ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwezinga lokuthuthuka kwamadolobha ezweni lami, intuthuko esheshayo yemboni yezinto zokwakha, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwezinga lokusetshenziswa kwemishini yokwakha, kanye nezidingo zokuvikela imvelo zabathengi bezinto zokwakha ezikhulayo kuholele ekudingweni kwama-non-ionic cellulose ethers emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha. Ngesikhathi se-13th Five-Year Plan, izwe lami lasheshisa ukuguqulwa kwama-shantytown asemadolobheni kanye nezindlu ezigugile, futhi laqinisa ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda yasemadolobheni, kufaka phakathi ukusheshisa ukuguqulwa kwama-shantytown agxilile kanye namadolobhana asemadolobheni, ukukhuthaza ngokuhlelekile ukulungiswa okuphelele kwezindawo zokuhlala ezindala, izindlu ezindala ezigugile kanye namasethi angaphelele Ukulungiswa kwezindlu nokuningi. Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2021, indawo yezakhiwo zokuhlala zasekhaya ezisanda kuqaliswa yayingu-755.15 million square metres, ukwanda ngo-5.5%. Indawo yezindlu eqediwe yayingu-364.81 million square metres, ukwanda ngo-25.7%. Ukubuyiselwa kwendawo yezindlu eqediwe kuzothuthukisa isidingo esihlobene emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha ze-cellulose ether.
Iphethini yokuncintisana emakethe
Izwe lakithi lingumkhiqizi omkhulu we-cellulose ether emhlabeni. Kulesi sigaba, i-cellulose ether yezinto zokwakha zasekhaya isivele isendaweni. I-Shandong Heda iyinkampani ehamba phambili emkhakheni we-cellulose ether eShayina. Abanye abakhiqizi abakhulu basekhaya bahlanganisa i-Shandong Ruitai, i-Shandong Yiteng, ne-North Tianpu Chemical, i-Yicheng Cellulose, njll. Ama-cellulose ethers asezingeni lokumboza, ezokwelapha kanye nezinga lokudla okwamanje alawulwa kakhulu yizinkampani zakwamanye amazwe ezifana ne-Dow, i-Ashland, i-Shin-Etsu, ne-Lotte. Ngaphezu kwe-Shandong Heda nezinye izinkampani ezinamandla angaphezu kwamathani ayi-10,000, kunabakhiqizi abaningi abancane bama-non-ionic cellulose ethers anomthamo wamathani ayi-1,000. Imikhiqizo yokudla neyemithi ephezulu.
Ukungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle i-cellulose ether
Ngo-2020, ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla okukhiqiza ezinkampani zakwamanye amazwe ngenxa yobhubhane lwaphesheya kwezilwandle, inani lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe le-cellulose ether ezweni lakithi libonise ukuthambekela kokukhula okusheshayo. Ngo-2020, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-cellulose ether kuzofinyelela amathani angu-77,272. Nakuba inani lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe lezwe lamii-cellulose etherikhule ngokushesha, imikhiqizo ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ikakhulukazi i-cellulose ether yezinto zokwakha, kuyilapho ivolumu yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe ye-cellulose ether yezokwelapha neyokudla incane kakhulu, futhi inani elengeziwe lemikhiqizo ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe liphansi. Njengamanje, ivolumu yokuthumela kwamanye amazwe ye-cellulose ether yezwe lami iphindwe kane kunevolumu yokungenisa, kodwa inani lokuthumela kwamanye amazwe lingaphansi kwenani lokungenisa kabili. Emkhakheni wemikhiqizo ephezulu, inqubo yokushintshanisa kwamanye amazwe ye-cellulose ether yasekhaya isenendawo enkulu yokuthuthukiswa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-26-2024