Eteri ya selulosini ijambo rusange risobanura ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibintu biva muri cellulose karemano (ipamba itunganyijwe n'ibiti, nibindi). Umusaruro uvamo ni ikintu gikomoka kuri cellulose. Nyuma yo gushonga, cellulose irashonga mu mazi, igashonga alkali na organic solvent, kandi ifite thermoplasticity. Hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa cellulose ethers, zikoreshwa cyane mu bwubatsi, sima, amarangi, ubuvuzi, ibiryo, peteroli, imiti ya buri munsi, imyenda, gukora impapuro n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'izindi nganda. Dukurikije umubare w'ibintu bisimbura, ishobora kugabanywamo ether imwe na ether ivanze, kandi hakurikijwe ionization, ishobora kugabanywamo ether ya ionic cellulose na ether ya non-ionic cellulose. Kuri ubu, ionic cellulose ether ionic ifite ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora, itegurwa ryoroshye, ihendutse, kandi ifite imbogamizi nke mu nganda. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu biryo, ibikoresho by'imyenda, imiti ya buri munsi n'ibindi, kandi ni byo bicuruzwa by'ingenzi ku isoko.
Muri iki gihe, eteri za cellulose zizwi cyane ku isi niCMC, HPMC, MC, HEC, n'ibindi. Muri byo, CMC ni yo ifite umusaruro munini, ingana na kimwe cya kabiri cy'umusaruro ku isi, mu gihe HPMC na MC bingana na 33% by'umusaruro ku isi, naHECingana na 50% by'ibikenewe ku isi yose. 13% by'isoko. Ikoreshwa ry'ingenzi rya selulose ya carboxymethyl (CMC) ni isabune, ingana na 22% by'ibikenewe ku isoko, kandi ibindi bicuruzwa bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bijyanye n'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, ibiribwa n'imiti.
Porogaramu zo hasi
Mu bihe byashize, bitewe n’iterambere rito ry’igihugu cyanjye ry’ibikenewe muri eteri ya cellulose mu bijyanye n’imiti, ubuvuzi, ibiribwa, irangi, n’ibindi, icyifuzo cya eteri ya cellulose mu Bushinwa cyari gishingiye cyane cyane ku bikoresho by’ubwubatsi. Kugeza uyu munsi, inganda z’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi ziracyafite 33% by’ibikenewe muri eteri ya cellulose mu gihugu cyanjye. Ibikenewe muri eteri ya cellulose mu gihugu cyanjye mu bijyanye n’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi byararenze, kandi ibikenewe muri eteri ya shimi, ubuvuzi, ibiribwa, irangi, n’ibindi biri kwiyongera cyane bitewe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gukoresha. Urugero, mu myaka ya vuba aha, capsule z’imboga zifite eteri ya cellulose nk’ibikoresho by’ibanze, n’inyama z’ubukorano, ibicuruzwa bishya bikozwe muri eteri ya cellulose, bifite amahirwe menshi yo kubikenera n’umwanya wo kubikura.
Dufashe urugero rw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, eteri ya selulose ifite imiterere myiza nko gukurura, kubika amazi, no kudindira. Kubwibyo, eteri ya selulose yo mu rwego rw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi ikoreshwa cyane mu kunoza umusaruro wa sima ivanze neza (harimo sima ivanze neza n'isima yumye), resini ya PVC, nibindi, irangi rya latex, putty, nibindi, harimo n'imikorere y'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi. Kubera iterambere ry'urwego rw'iterambere ry'imijyi mu gihugu cyanjye, iterambere ryihuse ry'inganda z'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, kunoza urwego rw'imashini z'ubwubatsi, no kwiyongera kw'ibisabwa kurengera ibidukikije ku bakoresha ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi byatumye hakenerwa eteri za selulose zitari ionic mu rwego rw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi. Mu gihe cya gahunda y'imyaka itanu ya 13, igihugu cyanjye cyihutishije impinduka mu mijyi y'akajagari n'amazu yashaje, kandi gishimangira iyubakwa ry'ibikorwa remezo by'imijyi, harimo kwihutisha ihinduka ry'imidugudu y'akajagari n'imidugudu y'imijyi, guteza imbere ku buryo burambuye ivugururwa ry'amazu ashaje, amazu ashaje yashaje n'amazu atuzuye. Kuvugurura amazu n'ibindi. Mu gice cya mbere cya 2021, ubuso bw'inyubako nshya zo guturamo zari metero kare miliyoni 755.15, ubwiyongere bwa 5.5%. Ubuso bw'amazu yuzuye bwari metero kare miliyoni 364.81, ubwiyongere bwa 25.7%. Kugarura ubuso bw'ubutaka bwuzuye bizatuma hakenerwa ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya cellulose ether.
Imiterere y'irushanwa ku isoko
Igihugu cyanjye ni cyo gihanga cyane mu gutunganya eteri ya cellulose ku isi. Muri iki cyiciro, eteri ya cellulose yo mu rwego rw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi byo mu rugo yashyizwe mu bikorwa mu buryo bw'ibanze. Shandong Heda ni ikigo gikomeye mu bijyanye na eteri ya cellulose mu Bushinwa. Abandi bakinnyi bakomeye bo mu gihugu barimo Shandong Ruitai, Shandong Yiteng, na North Tianpu Chemical, Yicheng Cellulose, n'abandi. Eteri za cellulose zo mu rwego rwo gusiga, imiti n'ibiribwa muri iki gihe zigengwa cyane n'amasosiyete y'amahanga nka Dow, Ashland, Shin-Etsu, na Lotte. Uretse Shandong Heda n'andi masosiyete afite ubushobozi bwo gutwara toni zirenga 10.000, hari n'inganda nyinshi nto zikora eteri za cellulose zitari ionic zifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara toni 1.000. Ibicuruzwa by'ibiribwa n'imiti byo mu rwego rwo hejuru.
Gutumiza no kohereza hanze eteri ya selulose
Mu 2020, bitewe n'igabanuka ry'ubushobozi bw'umusaruro w'ibigo by'amahanga bitewe n'icyorezo cyo mu mahanga, ingano ya eteri ya selulose yoherezwa mu mahanga mu gihugu cyanjye yagaragaje iterambere ryihuse. Mu 2020, kohereza mu mahanga eteri ya selulose bizagera kuri toni 77.272. Nubwo ingano y'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga mu gihugu cyanjyeeteri ya seluloseYakuze cyane, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ahanini ni eteri y’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi ya cellulose, mu gihe ingano y’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bya cellulose eteri yo mu rwego rw’ubuvuzi n’ibiribwa ni nto cyane, kandi agaciro k’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ni gato. Kuri ubu, ingano y’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bya eteri ya cellulose yo mu gihugu cyanjye ikubye inshuro enye ingano y’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, ariko agaciro k’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga kari munsi y’inshuro ebyiri z’agaciro k’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga. Mu rwego rw’ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, inzira yo gusimbuza ibyoherezwa mu mahanga eteri ya cellulose yo mu gihugu iracyafite umwanya munini wo gutera imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 26 Mata 2024