1)Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwezinto zokwakha grade cellulose ether
Inkambu yezinto zokwakha yiyona nkundla yesidingo esikhului-cellulose ether. I-Cellulose ether inezici ezinhle kakhulu ezifana nokujiya, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, nokukhubazeka, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi ukuthuthukisa nokwenza ngcono udaka oluxubekile (okuhlanganisa nodaka oluxutshwe okumanzi nodaka oluxutshwe owomile), ukukhiqizwa kwe-PVC resin, upende we-latex, i-putty, i-adhesive tile, Ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo yempahla yokwakha kuhlanganise nezidingo zempahla yokwakha kanye nezidingo zokuvikela imvelo kanye ne-thermal insulation i-insulation. ukusebenza kahle kokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo nemihlobiso, futhi isetshenziswa ngokungaqondile ekwakhiweni kokuplasta ngamatshe kanye nokuhlobisa udonga lwangaphakathi nangaphandle lwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamaphrojekthi wokwakha. Ngenxa yezinga elikhulu lokutshalwa kwezimali emkhakheni wobunjiniyela bezokwakha, izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaphrojekthi wokwakha zihlakazeka, kunezinhlobo eziningi, futhi inqubekelaphambili yokwakha iyahluka kakhulu, i-ether yebanga lezinto zokwakha ze-cellulose ether inezici zobubanzi bezicelo, isidingo esikhulu semakethe, namakhasimende ahlakazekile.
Phakathi kwamamodeli aphakathi nendawo aphezulu ebanga lezinto zokwakha ze-HPMC, ibanga lezinto zokwakha i-HPMC enezinga lokushisa lejeli elingu-75°C lisetshenziswa kakhulu odakeni oluxutshwe owomile nezinye izinkambu. Inokumelana okuqinile kokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomphumela omuhle wokufaka isicelo. Ukusebenza kohlelo lwayo izinga lokushisa lejeli Ngeke kushintshwe yibanga lezinto zokwakha i-HPMC ku-60°C, futhi amakhasimende asezingeni eliphezulu anezidingo eziphakeme ekuzinzeni kwekhwalithi yalolu hlobo lomkhiqizo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunzima ngokobuchwepheshe ukukhiqiza i-HPMC enezinga lokushisa lejeli elingu-75°C. Izinga lokutshala izimali zemishini yokukhiqiza likhulu, futhi umkhawulo wokungena uphezulu. Intengo yomkhiqizo iphezulu kakhulu kunaleyo yezinto zokwakha zebanga le-HPMC enezinga lokushisa lejeli elingu-60°C.
I-HPMC ephezulu eqondene ne-PVC iyisengezo esibalulekile sokukhiqizwa kwe-PVC. Nakuba i-HPMC yengezwe ngenani elincane futhi ilandisa ngenani eliphansi lezindleko zokukhiqiza ze-PVC, umphumela wokufakwa komkhiqizo muhle, ngakho izidingo zayo zekhwalithi ziphezulu. Bambalwa abakhiqizi basekhaya nabangaphandle be-HPMC be-PVC, futhi intengo yemikhiqizo evela kwamanye amazwe iphezulu kakhulu kunaleyo yemikhiqizo yasekhaya.
2)Ukuthuthukiswa Kwendlela Yokwakha Imboni Yezinto Zokwakha Ibanga Le-Cellulose Ether Industry
①Ukuthuthuka okuzinzile kwemboni yezokwakha yezwe lami kuyaqhubeka nokuqhubekisela phambili isidingo semakethe sezinto zokwakha grade cellulose ether
Ngokwemininingwane ekhishwe yiNational Bureau of Statistics, ngo-2021, izinga lokufudukela emadolobheni kwezwe lami (ingxenye yabantu basemadolobheni kuzwelonke) lizofinyelela ku-64.72%, okuwukunyuka ngamaphesenti angama-0.83 uma kuqhathaniswa nokuphela konyaka ka-2020, kanye nokwenyuka uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga lokufudukela emadolobheni elingamaphesenti angama-49.95% ezweni lami elikhuphuka ngo-10.95%. ingene ezigabeni ezimaphakathi nezakamuva zokufudukela emadolobheni. Ngokuhambisanayo, ukukhula kwesidingo esiphelele emakethe yezindlu zasekhaya nakho kungene esigabeni esizinzile, futhi ukuhlukaniswa kwesidingo emadolobheni ahlukene kuye kwaba sobala kakhulu. Isidingo sezindlu siyaqhubeka nokwanda. Ngokuzayo, ngokuncipha kwenani lemboni yezokukhiqiza yezwe lami kanye nokwenyuka kwengxenye yemboni yezinsiza, ukwanda kwamafomu okuqashwa avumelana nezimo anjengokusungulwa kwezindlela ezintsha nezamabhizinisi, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo zamahhovisi eziguquguqukayo, izidingo ezintsha zizobekwa phambili kwezohwebo zasemadolobheni, indawo yokuhlala kanye nebhalansi yezindlu. Imikhiqizo yezindlu ezithengiswayo izidingo zemboni zizohlukahluka kakhulu, futhi imboni yezindlu zasekhaya kanye nemboni yezokwakha ingene esikhathini sezinguquko nesoguquko.
Isilinganiso sokutshalwa kwezimali kwemboni yezokwakha, indawo yokwakha yendawo ethengiswayo, indawo eqediwe, indawo yokuhlobisa izindlu kanye nezinguquko zayo, izinga lemali engenayo yabahlali kanye nemikhuba yokuhlobisa, njll., yizici eziyinhloko ezithinta isidingo semakethe yasekhaya yezinto zokwakha grade cellulose ether. Inqubo yokufudukela emadolobheni ihlobene eduze. Kusukela ngo-2010 kuya ku-2021, ukuqedwa kokutshalwa kwezimali kwezindlu nezakhiwo zezwe lami kanye nenani lomkhiqizo wemboni yezokwakha ngokuyisisekelo kugcine ukuthambekela kokukhula okuqhubekayo. Ngo-2021, inani lezwe lami lokuphothula ukuthuthukiswa kwezakhiwo nezakhiwo lalingama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-14.76, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-4.35%; inani lomkhiqizo wemboni yezokwakha seliphelele lalingama-29.31 trillion yuan, okuwukukhuphuka ngo-11.04% unyaka nonyaka.
Kusukela ngo-2011 kuya ku-2021, isilinganiso sonyaka sokukhula kwenhlanganisela yendawo yokwakhiwa kwezindlu embonini yezokwakha yezwe lami singu-6.77%, kanti izinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka lendawo yokwakha lapho kuqedwa khona izindlu lingu-0.91%. Ngo-2021, indawo yokwakhiwa kwezindlu embonini yezokwakha yezwe lami izoba ngamamitha-skwele ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-9.754, nezinga lokukhula konyaka nonyaka lika-5.20%; indawo yokwakha eqediwe izoba ngamamitha-skwele ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.014, nezinga lokukhula konyaka nonyaka liyi-11.20%. Umkhuba omuhle wokukhula komkhakha wezokwakha wasekhaya uzokhuphula ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yempahla yokwakha efana nodaka oseluxubekile, ukukhiqizwa kweresin ye-PVC, upende we-latex, i-putty, ne-adhesive enamathelayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuqhubekisela phambili isidingo semakethe sezinto zokwakha ze-cellulose ether.
②Izwe likhuthaza ngenkuthalo izinto zokwakha eziluhlaza ezimelelwe udaka oluxutshwe ngomumo, futhi indawo yokuthuthukisa imakethe yezinto zokwakha ze-cellulose ether ebangeni liyandiswa.
Udaka luyinto ehlanganisayo esetshenziswa ekwakheni izitini. Yakhiwa ingxenye ethile yesihlabathi nezinto zokubopha (usimende, unamathisele umcako, ubumba, njll.) namanzi. Indlela evamile yokusebenzisa udaka ukuxuba endaweni, kodwa ngenqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe embonini yezokwakha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezidingo zokwakha eziphucuzekile, ukushiyeka kodaka lokuxuba endaweni sekuvele kugqama kakhulu, njengekhwalithi engazinzile, imfucumfucu enkulu yezinto ezibonakalayo, uhlobo olulodwa lodaka, izinga eliphansi lokwakhiwa kwempucuko kanye nokungcolisa imvelo, njll.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nodaka lokuxuba endaweni, inqubo yodaka oluxutshwe ngomumo ixubene, ukuthutha okuvaliwe, ukuthuthwa kwepayipi lephampu, ukufutha ngomshini odongeni, kanye nezici zenqubo yokuxuba okumanzi ngokwayo, okunciphisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kothuli futhi kulula ukwakhiwa ngomshini. Ngakho-ke udaka oluxubene Olulungile lunobuhle bokusimama kwekhwalithi enhle, ukuhlukahluka okucebile, indawo yokwakha enobungani, ukonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa, futhi kunezinzuzo ezinhle zezomnotho nezemvelo. Kusukela ngowezi-2003, umbuso ukhiphe uchungechunge lwemibhalo yenqubomgomo ebalulekile ukuze kugqugquzelwe ukukhiqizwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kodaka oseluxubile kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lemboni yodaka oseluxubile.
Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kodaka oseluvele luxubile esikhundleni sodaka oluxubekile esizeni sekungenye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-PM2.5 embonini yezokwakha. Ngokuzayo, ngokukhula kokuntuleka kwezinsiza zesihlabathi namatshe, izindleko zokusebenzisa isihlabathi ngokuqondile endaweni yokwakha zizokhula, futhi ukwanda kwezindleko zabasebenzi kuzoholela ekwenyukeni kancane kancane kwezindleko zokusetshenziswa kodaka oluxutshwe endaweni, futhi isidingo sodaka oluxubene ngomumo embonini yezokwakha sizoqhubeka nokukhula. Inani lezinto zokwakha zebanga le-cellulose ether odakeni oluxubile ngokuvamile libalelwa ku-2/10,000. Ukwengeza i-cellulose ether kusiza ukujiyisa udaka oseluxubile, kugcinwe amanzi futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza komsebenzi wokwakha. Ukwenyuka kuzophinde kuqhubekisele phambili ukukhula kwesidingo sezinto zokwakha ze-cellulose ether.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-25-2024