Ukuthuthukisa ukhonkolo ngezithasiselo

Ukuthuthukisa ukhonkolo ngezithasiselo kuhilela ukufaka izithasiselo zamakhemikhali nezamaminerali ezahlukahlukene engxubeni yekhonkolo ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo noma izici ezithile zekhonkolo eqinile. Nazi izinhlobo eziningana zezithasiselo ezivame ukusetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukhonkolo:

1. Izingxube Ezinciphisa Amanzi (Ama-Plasticizer):
   • Izingxube ezinciphisa amanzi, ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-plasticizer noma ama-superplasticizer, zithuthukisa ukusebenza ngokunciphisa inani lamanzi adingekayo engxubeni yekhonkrithi. Zisiza ekwandiseni ukuwohloka, ukunciphisa ukuhlukaniswa, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwekhonkrithi ngaphandle kokwehlisa amandla.
2. Setha Izingxube Ezibambezelayo:
   • Izingxube ezibambezela isethi zisetshenziselwa ukubambezela isikhathi sokusetha ukhonkolo, okuvumela ukusebenza isikhathi eside nesikhathi sokubeka. Ziwusizo ikakhulukazi ezimweni zezulu ezishisayo noma kumaphrojekthi amakhulu lapho kudingeka khona isikhathi eside sokuthutha kanye nezikhathi zokubeka.
3. Setha Izingxube Ezisheshisayo:
   • Izingxube ezisheshisa isethi zisetshenziselwa ukusheshisa isikhathi sokusetha ukhonkolo, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokwakha kanye nokwenza kube lula ukususa nokuqeda amafomu ngokushesha. Ziwusizo ezimweni zezulu ezibandayo noma lapho kudingeka ukuqina okusheshayo.
4. Izingxube Zokungenisa Umoya:
   • Izingxube zokungenisa umoya zengezwa kukhonkolo ukuze kudalwe amabhamuza omoya amancane kakhulu engxubeni, okuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuncibilika nokuqandisa. Zithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuhlangana kwekhonkolo, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zezulu ezinzima.
5. Ama-Pozzolans:
   • Izinto ze-pozzolanic ezifana nomlotha wempukane, i-silica fume, kanye ne-slag ziyizithasiselo zamaminerali ezisabela ne-calcium hydroxide kusimende ukuze zakhe ama-compound engeziwe e-cementitious. Zithuthukisa amandla, ukuqina, kanye nokumelana nokuhlaselwa ngamakhemikhali futhi zinciphise ukushisa komswakama.
6. Imicu:
   • Izithasiselo zefayibha, njengensimbi, izinto zokwenziwa (i-polypropylene, i-nylon), noma imicu yengilazi, zisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa amandla okunamathela, ukumelana nokushayisana, kanye nokuqina kwekhonkrithi. Zisiza ukulawula ukuqhekeka nokuthuthukisa ukuqina kwezicelo zesakhiwo kanye nezingakhi.
7. Izingxube Ezinciphisa Ukushwabana:
   • Izingxube ezinciphisa ukushwabana zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukushwabana kokoma kukhonkrithi, ukunciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka nokuthuthukisa ukuqina kwesikhathi eside. Zisebenza ngokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwamanzi ebusweni bekhonkrithi.
8. Izithibi Zokugqwala:
   • Izithibi zokugqwala yizithasiselo zamakhemikhali ezivikela izakhiwo zekhonkrithi eziqinisiwe ekugqwaleni okubangelwa ama-ion e-chloride, i-carbonation, noma ezinye izinto ezinolaka. Zisiza ekwandiseni impilo yenkonzo yekhonkrithi ezindaweni zasolwandle, zezimboni, noma emigwaqweni emikhulu.
9. Ama-ejenti Okufaka Umbala:
   • Izinto zokufaka imibala, njenge-iron oxide pigments noma amadayi okwenziwa, zisetshenziselwa ukwengeza umbala kukhonkrithi ngezinjongo zokuhlobisa noma zobuhle. Zithuthukisa ukubukeka kwezindawo zekhonkrithi ezisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni nasekulungiseni izimbali.

Ngokufaka lezi zithasiselo ezixubeni zekhonkrithi, onjiniyela kanye nabakhi benkontileka bangakwazi ukulungisa izakhiwo zekhonkrithi ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zephrojekthi futhi bafeze izici zokusebenza ezifiselekayo, njengokuqina, ukuqina, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokubukeka.