Isifinyezo:
Imboni yokwakha idlala indima ebalulekile ekubumbeni umhlaba wanamuhla, lapho usimende uyisisekelo sokwakha. Sekuyiminyaka abacwaningi nonjiniyela beqhubeka nokufuna izindlela zokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kwesimende. Enye indlela ethembisayo ihilela ukwengezwa kwezithasiselo, lapho i-calcium formate isibe ngumdlali owaziwayo.
ukwethula:
Usimende uyingxenye ebalulekile yokwakha futhi udinga ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezishintshayo zemboni. Ukwengezwa kwezithasiselo kuye kwabonakala kuyisu eliphumelelayo lokuthuthukisa izici ezahlukene zesimende. I-Calcium formate, inhlanganisela ekhiqizwa ukusabela kwe-calcium oxide ne-formic acid, idonsele ukunaka kwamandla ayo okuthuthukisa izakhiwo zesimende. Lesi sihloko sihlose ukucacisa izindlela i-calcium formate ethinta ngazo kahle ikhwalithi nokusebenza kwesimende.
Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ze-calcium formate:
Ngaphambi kokuhlola imiphumela ye-calcium formate kusimende, kubalulekile ukuqonda ikhemikhali yalesi sithako. I-calcium formate iyimpuphu emhlophe ekristalu enefomula yamakhemikhali i-Ca(HCOO)2. Iyancibilika emanzini futhi inezakhiwo ze-hygroscopic. Inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yama-ion e-calcium ne-formate inikeza izakhiwo ezithile ze-compound, okwenza ifaneleke ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nokuthuthukiswa kwesimende.
Indlela yokusebenza:
Ukufakwa kwe-calcium formate ezingxubeni zesamente kwethula izindlela eziningana ezifaka isandla ekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe. Enye indlela enkulu ihilela ukusheshisa ukumuncwa kwesamente. I-calcium formate isebenza njengesikhuthazi, ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwama-hydrate afana ne-calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) kanye ne-ettringite. Lokhu kusheshisa kuphumela ezikhathini zokusetha ezisheshayo kanye nokukhula kwamandla okuqala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-calcium formate isebenza njengendawo ye-nucleation yemvula ye-hydrate, ithinta isakhiwo esincane se-matrix yesimende. Lokhu kuguqulwa kuphumela ekusabalaleni kwe-hydrate okuxineneyo nokufana kakhulu, okusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuqina nokunciphisa ukungena kwamanzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-calcium formate ibamba iqhaza ekusabeleni kwe-pozzolanic, lapho isabela khona ne-calcium hydroxide ukuze yakhe ijeli eyengeziwe ye-CSH. Lokhu kusabela akugcini nje ngokufaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwamandla kodwa futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokwakheka kwe-ettringite okubambezelekile (DEF), into engafaka engcupheni ukuqina kwesikhathi eside kwesimende.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yesimende:
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwamandla Kwasekuqaleni:
Ikhono le-calcium formate lokusheshisa ukumuncwa kwesimende lisho ukuthuthuka okukhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwamandla okuqala. Lokhu kubalulekile kumaphrojekthi okwakha lapho amandla kudingeka atholakale khona ngokushesha. Isikhathi sokusetha esisheshayo esikhuthazwa yi-calcium formate singabangela ukususwa kwefomu ngokushesha kanye nenqubekela phambili yokwakha ngokushesha.
Ukuqina okuthuthukisiwe:
I-calcium formate iyengezwa ukushintsha isakhiwo se-simende, okuholela ekutheni izinto ziqine kakhulu. Ukwanda kobuningi kanye nokusatshalaliswa okufanayo kwama-hydrate kunegalelo ekwandeni kokumelana nokuhlaselwa ngamakhemikhali, imijikelezo yokuqandisa nokuncibilika, kanye nokuguguleka. Ngakho-ke, isakhiwo se-simende esiphathwe nge-calcium formate sibonisa impilo yenkonzo ende.
Nciphisa ukuvuleka kwamanzi:
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile ezithinta ukuqina kwekhonkrithi ukuvuleka kwayo. I-calcium formate inciphisa ukuvuleka kwayo ngokuthinta isakhiwo sembobo yekhonkrithi. Ukwakheka kwe-matrix exinene enembobo ezincane kunciphisa ukungena kwamanzi nezinto ezinolaka, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukisa ukumelana kwekhonkrithi nokuwohloka.
Ukunciphisa Ukusabela Kwe-Alkali Silica (ASR):
Izifundo zithole ukuthi i-calcium formate inganciphisa ingozi yokusabela kwe-alkali-silica, inqubo eyingozi engabangela ukuvuvukala kokwakheka kwejeli nokuqhekeka kukhonkolo. Ngokuthinta isakhiwo sembobo kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwe-slurry yesimende, i-calcium formate isiza ukunciphisa amathuba okulimala okuhlobene ne-ASR.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza:
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokusebenza:
Umphumela we-calcium formate ekufakweni kwe-samente unomthelela omuhle ekusebenzeni kahle kwekhonkrithi entsha. Isikhathi esibekiwe esisheshisiwe kanye ne-kinetics ethuthukisiwe yokufakwa kwamanzi kusiza ukuthuthukisa izici zokugeleza, okwenza kube lula ukubekwa kanye nokuqiniswa kwekhonkrithi. Lokhu kuzuzisa kakhulu lapho kulula ukubekwa khona.
ukulawula izinga lokushisa:
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-calcium formate kusimende kusiza ekunciphiseni imiphumela yokushisa okukhulu ngesikhathi senqubo yokulungisa. Ukusheshisa izikhathi zokubeka okuholela ku-calcium formate kungasheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla futhi kunciphise ubungozi bekhonkrithi ezinkingeni ezihlobene nokushisa njengokuqhekeka kokushisa.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele ukuze kuqhubeke isikhathi eside:
I-calcium formate inezakhiwo ezihlangabezana nemigomo yokuzinza kwemboni yokwakha. Ukusebenza kwayo okunamandla kwenza kube lula ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezilahliwe, futhi umthelela wayo ekuqineni nasekuphileni isikhathi eside kunegalelo ekunciphiseni imithelela yemvelo ehlobene nokushintsha nokulungisa izakhiwo ezigugile.
Izinselele kanye nokucatshangelwa:
Nakuba izinzuzo zokufaka i-calcium formate kusimende zicacile, izinselele ezingaba khona kanye nemikhawulo kumele kucatshangelwe. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi izindleko ezikhuphukile, ukusebenzisana okungenzeka nezinye izingxube, kanye nesidingo sokulawula umthamo ngokucophelela ukuze kugwenywe imiphumela emibi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside kanye nokuqina kwekhonkrithi ephathwe nge-calcium formate ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zemvelo kudinga ucwaningo olwengeziwe kanye nezifundo zasensimini.
Ekuphetheni:
Ukufaka i-calcium formate kusimende kuyindlela ethembisayo yokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kwale nto ebalulekile yokwakha. Ngokusebenzisa indlela yayo yokusebenza enezici eziningi, i-calcium formate isheshisa umswakama, ithuthukise isakhiwo esincane futhi inegalelo ezinhlobonhlobo zezakhiwo ezifiselekayo, okuhlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla okuqala, ukuqina okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuncipha kokungena kwamanzi. Njengoba imboni yokwakha iqhubeka nokuthuthuka, indima yezithasiselo ezifana ne-calcium formate ekwenzeni ngcono izakhiwo zesimende cishe izobe ibaluleke kakhulu. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe kanye nezicelo ezisebenzayo ngokungangabazeki zizoveza ngokwengeziwe amandla aphelele kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhle kwe-calcium formate ekwakhiweni kwesimende, kuvuleke indlela yezakhiwo eziqinile nezisimeme kakhudlwana.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-05-2023